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9th IEEE International Conference on Power and Energy, PECon 2022

作者： Ahmed, Sajib Mekhilef, Saad Mubin, Marizan Tey, Kok Soon Rawa, Muhyaddin University of Malaya Power Electronics and Renewable Energy Research Laboratory Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Kuala Lumpur50603 Malaysia School of Science Computing and Engineering Technologies Swinburne University of Technology HawthornVIC3122 Australia University of Malaya Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Department of Computer System and Technology Kuala Lumpur50603 Malaysia King Abdulaziz University Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems Jeddah21589 Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (数字)9781665409902

ISBN: (纸本)9781665409902

Solar energy is considered one of the best essential energy sources to solve the present power crisis. The solar photovoltaic system has a low conversion efficiency that inflicts maximum power extractions. The non-linear relationship between the voltage and current insists on using a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller. Perturb and observe (P&O) MPPT controller is popular because of its simple design and cost-effectiveness features;nonetheless, it has drawbacks while operating under partial shading conditions (PSC). The maximum power trapezium (MPT) method modified the P&O algorithm by incorporating an appropriate scanning mechanism for PSC. Despite having good PSC performance, this method's tracking time is much longer than the conventional algorithm in both uniform irradiance conditions (UIC) and PSC. The algorithm proposed in this paper modifies the MPT method with an extra strategy to distinguish between the UIC and PSC. If the pattern is recognized as UIC, the proposed method utilizes the conventional P&O algorithm to track the MPP;otherwise, scanning techniques are being used. The proposed algorithm's operation was tested on simulation using distinct UIC and PSC patterns and worked effectively. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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System-on-Chip Design for Fast Ultrasonic Chirplet Signal Decomposition Algorithm

System-on-Chip Design for Fast Ultrasonic Chirplet Signal De...

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IEEE Symposium (IUS) Ultrasonics

作者： Tianyang Fang Austin Fite Mikhail Gromov Jafar Saniie Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Embedded Computing and Signal Processing (ECASP) Research Laboratory Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL U.S.A.

Decomposition and characterization of backscattered ultrasonic multiple interfering echoes is a critical step for analyzing the ultrasonic propagation path, propagation modes, coupling condition of the transducers and detecting defects within the propagation path. Chirplet Signal Decomposition (CSD) is an efficient way of analyzing ultrasonic echoes. However, CSD is computationally expensive and time-consuming for real-time signal processing applications. To address this problem, we present a System-on-Chip (SoC) implementation of the CSD algorithm, with the goal of speed optimization and real-time execution without sacrificing the accuracy of the signal decomposition and reconstruction. The implementation was tested on a Zynq Ultrascale+ series FPGA and achieved an echo estimation within two milliseconds.

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The NeRF Signature: Codebook-Aided Watermarking for Neural Radiance Fields

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Luo, Ziyuan Rocha, Anderson Shi, Boxin Guo, Qing Li, Haoliang Wan, Renjie Department of Computer Science Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong Institute of Computing University of Campinas Brazil State Key Laboratory of Multimedia Information Processing and National Engineering Research Center of Visual Technology School of Computer Science Peking University Beijing100871 China A*STAR Singapore Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) have been gaining attention as a significant form of 3D content representation. With the proliferation of NeRF-based creations, the need for copyright protection has emerged as a critical issue. Although some approaches have been proposed to embed digital watermarks into NeRF, they often neglect essential model-level considerations and incur substantial time overheads, resulting in reduced imperceptibility and robustness, along with user inconvenience. In this paper, we extend the previous criteria for image watermarking to the model level and propose NeRF Signature, a novel watermarking method for NeRF. We employ a Codebook-aided Signature Embedding (CSE) that does not alter the model structure, thereby maintaining imperceptibility and enhancing robustness at the model level. Furthermore, after optimization, any desired signatures can be embedded through the CSE, and no fine-tuning is required when NeRF owners want to use new binary signatures. Then, we introduce a joint pose-patch encryption watermarking strategy to hide signatures into patches rendered from a specific viewpoint for higher robustness. In addition, we explore a Complexity-Aware Key Selection (CAKS) scheme to embed signatures in high visual complexity patches to enhance imperceptibility. The experimental results demonstrate that our method outperforms other baseline methods in terms of imperceptibility and robustness. The source code is available at: https://***/luo-ziyuan/NeRF_Signature. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image watermarking

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Drowning Recognition for Ocean Surveillance using computer Vision and Drone Control

Drowning Recognition for Ocean Surveillance using Computer V...

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IEEE International Conference on Electro-Information Technology

作者： Maureen Rakotondraibe Tianyang Fang Jafar Saniie Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Embedded Computing and Signal Processing (ECASP) Research Laboratory Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL U.S.A.

According to WHO's report from 2021, Drowning is the 3rd leading cause of unintentional death worldwide. The use of autonomous drones for drowning recognition can increase the survival rate and help lifeguards and rescuers with their life saving mission. This paper presents a real-time drowning recognition model and algorithm for ocean surveillance that can be implemented on a drone. The presented model has been trained using two different approaches and has 88% accuracy. Compared to the contemporary models of drowning recognition designed for swimming pools, the model presented is better suited for outdoor applications in the ocean.

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Evaluation of Homomorphic Encryption for Privacy in Principal Component Analysis

Evaluation of Homomorphic Encryption for Privacy in Principa...

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IEEE International Conference on Electro-Information Technology

作者： David Arnold Jafar Saniie Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Embedded Computing and Signal Processing (ECASP) Research Laboratory Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL U.S.A.

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a versatile Unsupervised Learning (UL) technique for reducing the dimensionality of datasets. As a result, PCA is widely used in consumer and research applications as a preprocessing tool for identifying important features prior to further analysis. In instances where on-site personnel or developers do not have the expertise to apply UL techniques, third party processors are frequently retained. However, the release of client or proprietary data poses a substantial security risk. This risk increases the regulatory and contractual burden on analysts when interacting with sensitive or classified information. Homomorphic Encryption (HE) cryptosystems are a novel family of encryption algorithms that permit approximate addition and multiplication on encrypted data. When applied to UL models, such as PCA, experts may apply their expertise while maintaining data privacy. In order to evaluate the potential application of Homomorphic Encryption, we implemented Principal Component Analysis using the Microsoft SEAL HE libraries. The resulting implementation was applied to the MNIST Handwritten dataset for feature reduction and image reconstruction. Based on our results, HE considerably increased the time required to process the dataset. However, the HE algorithm is still viable for non-real-time applications as it had an average pixel error of near-zero for all image reconstructions.

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IoT-Enabled Smart Bike Helmet with an AI-Driven Collision Avoidance System

IoT-Enabled Smart Bike Helmet with an AI-Driven Collision Av...

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IEEE International Conference on Electro-Information Technology

作者： Jacob Solus Maureen Rakotondraibe Xinrui Yu Won-Jae Yi Mikhail Gromov Jafar Saniie Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Embedded Computing and Signal Processing (ECASP) Research Laboratory Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL U.S.A.

This paper presents a system design for a smart bike helmet with multiple safety features that are intended to empower bicycle riders to proactively avoid potential sources of danger or injury. A Smart Sensor/Actuator Node (SSAN), driven by an Arduino Uno single-board microcontroller, contains input sensors and actuators to provide riders the ability to send and receive warnings promptly on their helmet. A Vision Node, driven by an NVIDIA Jetson Nano and a cable pin-connected camera, executes AI object detection algorithms for any dangerous objects that are out of sight of the rider and sends alerts to the SSAN as needed. By combining safety features of the SSAN and Vision Node while continuously sending data to an IoT-enabled backend web server, the safety operation of a typical bike ride can be substantially improved.

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An Automation Innovation of Gearbox Vehicle Control by Using Machine Learning Based Robotic Operation

An Automation Innovation of Gearbox Vehicle Control by Using...

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2023 International Conference on Disruptive Technologies, ICDT 2023

作者： Ramakrishna, M.M. Atyam, Nageswara Rao Chaurasia, Nikhil Sahaya Senthamil, L. Shah, Mohd Asif Raja, V.L. Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute Dept of ECE/ICE Tamil Nadu Chennai India Cmr Institute of Technology Electrical and Electronics Department Karnataka Bengaluru India Sage University Department of Computer Science & Engineering Madhya Pradesh Bhopal India Psna College of Engineering and Technology Electrical and Electronics Engineering Tamil Nadu Dindigul India University School of Business Chandigarh University Punjab Mohali India School of Computing Science Tamil Nadu Pallavaram Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350323887

There are many vehicle exchanges around the world are using the manual transmission and automatic transmission are the most popular. At this time, many popular manufacturers have started using the robot version in their new products. The gearbox of the robot is, in fact, mechanical;it has an additional automatic clutch and gear shift. Accordingly, the operation of the transmission is not completely dependent on the driver, as in other options, but on the electronic control unit. For the proper functioning of the transmission the driver needs to correctly transmit only the incoming information. In this paper an automation innovation was proposed to control the vehicle gear shifting functions by using the machine learning based on the robotic operation model. An automaton or robot, after some time, must first learn the device of a new invention. The automatic gearbox received a friction type clutch. It is a disk set or a built-in separate mechanism. The most reliable and durable design can be called the double clutch design. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Vehicle transmissions

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Hybrid deep learning model for risk prediction of fracture in patients with diabetes and osteoporosis

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Frontiers of Medicine 2022年第3期16卷 496-506页

作者： Yaxin Chen Tianyi Yang Xiaofeng Gao Ajing Xu Department of Pharmacy Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200240China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Department of Computer Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Clinical Research Unit Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200240China

The fracture risk of patients with diabetes is higher than those of patients without diabetes due to hyperglycemia,usage of diabetes drugs,changes in insulin levels,and excretion,and this risk begins as early as *** factors including demographic data(such as age,height,weight,and gender),medical history(such as smoking,drinking,and menopause),and examination(such as bone mineral density,blood routine,and urine routine)may be related to bone metabolism in patients with ***,most of the existing methods are qualitative assessments and do not consider the interactions of the physiological factors of *** addition,the fracture risk of patients with diabetes and osteoporosis has not been further studied *** this paper,a hybrid model combining XGBoost with deep neural network is used to predict the fracture risk of patients with diabetes and osteoporosis,and investigate the effect of patients’physiological factors on fracture risk.A total of 147 raw input features are considered in our *** presented model is compared with several benchmarks based on various metrics to prove its ***,the top 18 influencing factors of fracture risks of patients with diabetes are determined.

关键词： XGBoost deep neural network healthcare risk prediction

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Data Compression for Ultrasonic Microstructure Scattering Signals using Unsupervised Neural Networks

Data Compression for Ultrasonic Microstructure Scattering Si...

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IEEE Symposium (IUS) Ultrasonics

作者： Xin Zhang Jafar Saniie Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Embedded Computing and Signal Processing (ECASP) Research Laboratory Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago Illinois U.S.A.

Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) has been extensively used to characterize the microstructure of metallic structures for early exposure of materials integrity. However, industrial NDE requires the processing, storage, and real-time transmission of large volumes of ultrasonic data. Therefore, it is indispensable to compress ultrasonic data with high fidelity. In this study, we explore the development of Unsupervised Learning (UL) based Neural Network (NN) models for massive ultrasonic data compression and an innovative multilayer perceptron residual autoencoder: Ultrasonic Residual Compressive Autoencoder (URCA), is introduced to compress ultrasonic data with high compression performance. This URCA can be fast-trained and utilizes the sparsity penalty with residual connection to optimize compression performance. UL-based NNs allow for memory-efficient training and rapid online augmentation of the model. To examine the results, a high-performance ultrasonic signal acquisition system was assembled to automatically collect ultrasonic data from heat-treated 1,018 steel blocks for microstructure characterization. Compression performance is analyzed based on compression ratio, reconstruction accuracy and model training time. The reconstruction accuracy was measured using the Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM) and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR). By training the URCA NN for a high reconstruction performance of 0.96 SSIM, we obtained 91.25% memory space-saving. For a higher compression performance of 0.80 SSIM, we obtained 96.04% memory space-saving.

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Ultrasonic Imaging and Flaw Detection with Optimized Convolutional Transformer Neural Networks

Ultrasonic Imaging and Flaw Detection with Optimized Convolu...

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IEEE Symposium (IUS) Ultrasonics

Flaw detection using the ultrasonic imaging technique has been widely used for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM). Ultrasonic testing has the advantages of one-sided measurement, high penetration depth, and inspection accuracy. Artificial intelligence (AI) such as Deep Learning (DL) methods can automate the inspection process with high reliability for imaging and SHM. Neural Networks (NNs) and DL methods can detect flaws using ultrasonic images with high accuracy but suffer extensive computational costs for training and deployment. In this study, we propose a lightweight transformer NN, UFDCTNet: Ultrasonic Flaw Detection Convolutional Transformer Neural Network (TNN), optimized with data-efficient Convolutional NN (CNN) for flaw detection using ultrasonic imaging. TNN utilizes the self-attention network architecture that learns global representations and allows high parallelism in computation resulting in reduced training time. CNNs learn local representations with fewer parameters because of inherent spatial inductive bias. This UFDCTNet utilizes the advantages of CNNs to learn spatially local representations resulting in fewer model parameters for fast training. For performance analysis, we trained data-efficient TNN and CNN using ultrasonic images to detect flaws. To examine training results, NNs are trained with the USimgAIST dataset consisting of 7000 experimental B-scan images representing without-flaw and with-flaw cases. A pulsed laser ultrasonic scanning system was used to collect these B-scan images from 17 stainless steel specimen plates with various types of flaws and some plates without any damage.

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