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Orthogonal matrix of polarization combinations:concept and application to multichannel holographic recording

Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第10期7卷 4-13页

作者： Shujun Zheng Jiaren Tan Hongjie Liu Xiao Lin Yusuke Saita Takanori Nomura Xiaodi Tan Information Photonics Research Center College of Photonic and Electronic EngineeringFujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA College of Photonic and Electronic Engineering Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Science and for Medicine of Ministry of EducationFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics TechnologyFujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Photoelectric Sensing ApplicationFujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China Faculty of Systems Engineering Wakayama University930 SakaedaniWakayama640-8510Japan.

Orthogonal matrices have become a vital means for coding and signal processing owing to their unique distributional *** orthogonal matrices based on amplitude or phase combinations have been extensively explored,the orthogonal matrix of polarization combinations(OMPC)is a novel,relatively unexplored ***,we propose a method for constructing OMPCs of any dimension encompassing 4n(where n is 1,2,4,8,…)mutually orthogonal 2ncomponent polarization *** the field of holography,the integration of polarization multiplexing techniques with polarization-sensitive materials is expected to emerge as a groundbreaking approach for multichannel hologram multiplexing,offering considerable enhancements in data storage capacity and security.A multidimensional OMPC enables the realization of multichannel multiplexing and dynamical modulation of information in polarization holographic *** consolidating all information into a single position within the material,we effectively avoided extraneous crosstalk during the reconstruction *** results show that achieving four distinct holographic images individually and simultaneously depends on the polarization combination represented by the incident *** discovery opens up a new avenue for achieving highly holographic information storage and dynamically displayed information,harnessing the potential of OMPC to expand the heretofore limited dimensionality of orthogonal polarization.

关键词： orthogonal matrix of polarization combinations polarization-modulated multiplexing multichannel recording polarization holography dynamical information modulation

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Online Demand Peak Shaving with Machine-Learned Advice in Cyber-Physical Energy Systems

Online Demand Peak Shaving with Machine-Learned Advice in Cy...

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IEEE International Symposium on Dependable, Autonomic and Secure computing (DASC)

作者： Minxi Fengl Wei Li Boyu Qin Albert Y. Zomaya Centre for Distributed and High Performance Computing School of Computer Science The University of Sydney Australia Department of Electrical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Xi'an Jiaotong University China

With the deep integration of cyber tools, control algorithms are increasingly employed in cyber-physical energy systems to enhance management, cost efficiency, and robustness. Effective demand load management is crucial in cyber-physical energy systems as it directly impacts operational costs. Failure to adequately manage spiky or seasonal demand loads can lead to significant expenses on monthly utility bills. In this study, we propose AMPAMOD, a randomized online algorithm with machine-learned advice, to optimize battery operations and mitigate highly dynamic peak loads. AMPAMOD utilizes limited advice from machine learning algorithms to guide our online algorithm and ensure cost-effective peak load management. The theoretical analysis shows that our solution has minimal advice complexity, a linear computational cost, and an improved competitive ratio. Finally, we conduct extensive trace-driven experiments on real-world datasets. AMPAMOD achieves a peak shaving success rate of over 90%, outperforming baselines by at least 50%. These experimental results confirm theoretical findings and demonstrate the potential of AMPAMOD.

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Enhanced Consumer Healthcare Data Protection Through AI-Driven TinyML and Privacy-Preserving Techniques

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 97428-97440页

作者： S. Aanjankumar Monoj Kumar Muchahari Shabana Urooj Ishmeet Kaur Rajesh Kumar Dhanaraj Hanan Abdullah Mengash S. Poonkuntran Parag Ravikant Kaveri School of Computing Science and Engineering VIT Bhopal University Sehore Madhya Pradesh India Department of Computer Application and Science Institute of Engineering and Management University of Engineering and Management Kolkata West Bengal India Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh Saudi Arabia School of Computing Science and Artificial Intelligence VIT Bhopal University Sehore Madhya Pradesh India Symbiosis Institute of Computer Studies and Research (SICSR) Symbiosis International (Deemed University) Pune India Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh Saudi Arabia

In the recent digital landscape, securing healthcare data stored on personal devices has become imperative due to increasing cyberattacks. Healthcare data inside an organization is often vulnerable to security breaches and requires privacy-preserving mechanisms to ensure secure storage and sharing across various platforms. This research proposes a novel method by integrating TinyML (machine learning) with federated learning (FL) and differential privacy (DP) to ensure the security and privacy of health-related data on resource-constrained edge devices. The proposed method with TinyML looks at patient data, like ECG readings and reports of unusual heartbeats, right on local edge devices that have limited resources, enabled immediate privacy checks while using minimal computing power. Federated learning trains the model on local edge devices by ensuring sensitive data remains on user devices, which are accessed centrally. Finally, differential privacy techniques strengthen security by additionally adding noise to data for safeguarding against malicious attacks without compromising the data’s accessibility. The proposed model achieves a high accuracy of 99%, significantly outperforming the traditional models, like decision trees at 76%, random forests at 98.1%, and federated learning with deep Q at 95%. The proposed methodology provides a scalable and efficient solution for real-time healthcare data sharing by ensuring data privacy and security across healthcare data source environments. The analysis of experimental results validates the model’s efficiency in securing healthcare data, with implications for broader applications in secure, privacy-preserving medical data security analysis.

关键词： Medical services Data models Security Data privacy Electrocardiography Differential privacy Training Privacy Tiny machine learning Federated learning

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Visual Multi-Object Tracking with Re-Identification and Occlusion Handling using Labeled Random Finite Sets

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Van Ma, Linh Nguyen, Tran Thien Dat Shim, Changbeom Kim, Du Yong Ha, Namkoo Jeon, Moongu The School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science GIST Gwangju Korea Republic of The School of Electrical Engineering Computing and Mathematical Sciences Curtin University Australia School of Engineering RMIT University Australia The Department of EO/IR Systems Research and Development LIG Nex1 Korea Republic of

This paper proposes an online visual multi-object tracking (MOT) algorithm that resolves object appearance-reappearance and occlusion. Our solution is based on the labeled random finite set (LRFS) filtering approach, which in principle, addresses disappearance, appearance, reappearance, and occlusion via a single Bayesian recursion. However, in practice, existing numerical approximations cause reappearing objects to be initialized as new tracks, especially after long periods of being undetected. In occlusion handling, the filter’s efficacy is dictated by trade-offs between the sophistication of the occlusion model and computational demand. Our contribution is a novel modeling method that exploits object features to address reappearing objects whilst maintaining a linear complexity in the number of detections. Moreover, to improve the filter’s occlusion handling, we propose a fuzzy detection model that takes into consideration the overlapping areas between tracks and their sizes. We also develop a fast version of the filter to further reduce the computational time. The source code is publicly available at https://***/linh-gist/VisualRFS. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Object detection

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Human-Guided Artificial Intelligence (HGAI), a Framework for Overcoming AI's Blind Spots

Human-Guided Artificial Intelligence (HGAI), a Framework for...

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IEEE Southeastcon

作者： Ziyu Chen Selam B. Kelil Mohammad Y. M. Naser Jason S. Metcalfe Sylvia Bhattacharya Electrical & Computer Engineering Department Kennesaw State University Marietta USA Computer Science Department Kennesaw State University Marietta USA US DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory Aberdeen Proving Ground Aberdeen USA Engineering Technology Department Kennesaw State University Marietta USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331504847

ISBN: (纸本)9798331504854

Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems frequently exhibit systematic blind spots, often referred to as hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs), posing risks in high-stakes applications such as autonomous systems, security, and military operations. This paper explores how human intuitive responses, along with conscious reasoning processes, can be integrated to mitigate AI blind spots and enhance decision-making effectiveness within Human-AI teams. We introduce Human-Guided Artificial Intelligence (HGAI) as a framework for achieving this goal. Specifically, we examine the role of System-1 intuitive processing, as captured through physiological signals such as electroencephalography (EEG) and electrocardiography (ECG), System-2 reasoning-based decision-making, and Multi-Modal Fusion (MMF) mechanisms while assessing the knowledge required to develop more reliable, context-aware, and ethically aligned intelligent decision-making systems for highly complex environments.

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Federated Causally Invariant Feature Learning 39

Federated Causally Invariant Feature Learning

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39th Annual AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2025

作者： Guo, Xianjie Yu, Kui Cui, Lizhen Yu, Han Li, Xiaoxiao School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology China Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data of Ministry of Education China School of Software Shandong University China College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of British Columbia Canada Vector Institute Canada

ISBN: (纸本)157735897X

Federated feature selection (FFS) is a promising field for selecting informative features while preserving data privacy in federated learning (FL) settings. Existing FFS methods focus on capturing the correlations between features and labels. They struggle to achieve satisfactory performance in the face of data distribution heterogeneity among FL clients, and cannot address the out-of-distribution (OOD) problem that arises when a significant portion of clients do not actively participate in FL training. To address these limitations, we propose Federated Causally Invariant Feature Learning (FedCIFL), a novel approach for learning causally invariant features in a privacy-preserving manner. We design a sample reweighting strategy to eliminate spurious correlations introduced by selection bias and iteratively estimate the federated causal effect between each feature and the labels (with the remaining features initially treated as confounders). By iteratively refining the confounding feature set to identify the true confounders, FedCIFL mitigates the impact of limited local data on the accuracy of federated causal effect estimation. Theoretical analysis proves the correctness of FedCIFL under reasonable assumptions. Extensive experiments on synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate the superiority of FedCIFL against eight state-of-the-art baselines, beating the best-performing approach by 3.19%, 9.07% and 2.65% in terms of average test Accuracy, RMSE and F1 score, respectively. It is a first-of-its-kind FFS approach capable of handling Non-IID and OOD data simultaneously. The source code is available at https://***/Xianjie-Guo/FedCIFL. Copyright © 2025, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Federated learning

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Localization of Image Splicing Under Segment Anything Model With Integrated Compression and Edge Artifacts

Localization of Image Splicing Under Segment Anything Model ...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Ruhao Zhao Xian Zhong Liang Liao Wenxuan Liu Wenxin Huang Zheng Wang School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Hubei Key Laboratory of Transportation Internet of Things Wuhan University of Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Rapid-Rich Object Search Lab Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hubei University School of Computer Science National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software Wuhan University

ISBN: (数字)9798350349399

ISBN: (纸本)9798350349405

The localization of image splicing involves identifying pixels in an image that have been spliced from other images, necessitating the discernment of splicing features. Despite significant advancements driven by the rise of social media and deep learning, existing methods exhibit limitations, often neglecting the integration of coarse and precise features and lacking the ability to understand objects. This leads to erroneous predictions in identifying spliced regions. This paper proposes Segment Anything Model with Integrated Compression and Edge artifacts (SAM-ICE) for the localization of image splicing, addressing these limitations by fusing forged edge features and compression artifact features. Leveraging SAM’s object understanding ability, our method identifies spliced regions using the fused features as guidance. Specifically, we employ Edge Artifact Extractor (EAE) to extract fine high-frequency edge splicing features and Compression Artifact Extractor (CAE) to extract coarse compression artifact features. By combining these features, our method utilizes coarse-fine features to accurately pinpoint the spliced portions of the image. Experimental results demonstrate the superior accuracy, robustness, and generalizability of our method compared to the state-of-the-arts.

关键词： Location awareness Image segmentation Image coding Social networking (online) Image edge detection Splicing Feature extraction

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Double-Blockchain Assisted Secure and Anonymous Data Aggregation for Fog-Enabled Smart Grid

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engineering 2022年第1期8卷 159-169页

作者： Siguang Chen Li Yang Chuanxin Zhao Vijayakumar Varadarajan Kun Wang Jiangsu Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Internet of Things Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Communication and Network Technology Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Network and Information Security Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000China School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennai 600127India Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA

As a future energy system,the smart grid is designed to improve the efficiency of traditional power systems while providing more stable and reliable ***,this efficient and reliable service relies on collecting and analyzing users’electricity consumption data frequently,which induces various security and privacy *** address these challenges,we propose a double-blockchain assisted secure and anonymous data aggregation scheme for fog-enabled smart grid named ***,we design a three-tier architecture-based data aggregation framework by integrating fog computing and the blockchain,which provides strong support for achieving efficient and secure data collection in smart ***,we develop a secure and anonymous data aggregation mechanism with low computational overhead by jointly leveraging the Paillier encryption,batch aggregation signature and anonymous *** particular,the system achieves fine-grained data aggregation and provides effective support for power dispatching and price adjustment by the designed double-blockchain and two-level data ***,the superiority of the proposed scheme is illustrated by a series of security and computation cost analyses.

关键词： Blockchain Fog computing Homomorphic encryption Smart grid Anonymity

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CoChain: High Concurrency Blockchain Sharding via Consensus on Consensus

CoChain: High Concurrency Blockchain Sharding via Consensus ...

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IEEE Annual Joint Conference: INFOCOM, IEEE computer and Communications Societies

作者： Mingzhe Li You Lin Jin Zhang Wei Wang Computer Science and Engineering Department Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain-Inspired Intelligent Computation Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems Southern University of Science and Technology Computer Science and Engineering Department Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Technology and Research Institute of High Performance Computing and Agency for Science Singapore

Sharding is an effective technique to improve the scalability of blockchain. It splits nodes into multiple groups so that they can process transactions in parallel. To achieve higher parallelism and concurrency at large scales, it is desirable to maintain a large number of small shards. However, simply configuring small shards easily results in a higher fraction of malicious nodes inside shards, causing shard corruption and compromising system security. Existing sharding techniques hence demand large shards, at the expense of limited concurrency. To address this limitation, we propose CoChain: a blockchain sharding system that can securely configure small shards for enhanced concurrency. CoChain allows some shards to be corrupted. For security, each shard is monitored by multiple other shards. The latter reach a cross-shard Consensus on the Consensus results of their monitored shard. Once a corrupted shard is found, its subsequent consensus will be taken over by another shard, hence recovering the system. Via Consensus on Consensus, CoChain allows the existence of shards with more fraction of malicious nodes (<2/3) while securing the system, thus reducing the shard size safely. We implement CoChain based on Harmony and conduct extensive experiments. Compared with Harmony, CoChain achieves 35x throughput gain with 6,000+ nodes.

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DAMPER: A Dual-Stage Medical Report Generation Framework with Coarse-Grained MeSH Alignment and Fine-Grained Hypergraph Matching

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Huang, Xiaofei Chen, Wenting Liu, Jie Lu, Qisheng Luo, Xiaoling Shen, Linlin Computer Vision Institute College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing China

Medical report generation is crucial for clinical diagnosis and patient management, summarizing diagnoses and recommendations based on medical imaging. However, existing work often overlook the clinical pipeline involved in report writing, where physicians typically conduct an initial quick review followed by a detailed examination. Moreover, current alignment methods may lead to misaligned relationships. To address these issues, we propose DAMPER, a dual-stage framework for medical report generation that mimics the clinical pipeline of report writing in two stages. In the first stage, a MeSH-Guided Coarse-Grained Alignment (MCG) stage that aligns chest X-ray (CXR) image features with medical subject headings (MeSH) features to generate a rough keyphrase representation of the overall impression. In the second stage, a Hypergraph-Enhanced Fine-Grained Alignment (HFG) stage that constructs hypergraphs for image patches and report annotations, modeling high-order relationships within each modality and performing hypergraph matching to capture semantic correlations between image regions and textual phrases. Finally,the coarse-grained visual features, generated MeSH representations, and visual hypergraph features are fed into a report decoder to produce the final medical report. Extensive experiments on public datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of DAMPER in generating comprehensive and accurate medical reports, outperforming state-of-the-art methods across various evaluation metrics. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Coarse-grained modeling

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