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A Robust Key Exchange and Tamper-Resistant Protocol for HAN and NAN Networks in Smart Grids

IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第12期12卷 21394-21403页

作者： Ayub, Muhammad Faizan Li, Xiong Mahmood, Khalid Shamshad, Salman Das, Ashok Kumar Wang, Guijuan University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Computer Science and Engineering Sichuan Chengdu611731 China National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Graduate School of Intelligent Data Science Yunlin Douliu64002 Taiwan The University of Lahore Department of Software Engineering Lahore54590 Pakistan International Institute of Information Technology Center for Security Theory and Algorithmic Research Hyderabad500 032 India Korea University College of Informatics Department of Computer Science and Engineering Anam-ro Seoul145 Korea Republic of Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of Education Shandong Computer Science Center Jinan250353 China Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Industrial Network and Information System Security Jinan250353 China

Smart Grids (SG) rely on Home Area Networks (HAN) and Neighborhood Area Networks (NAN) to ensure efficient power distribution, real-time monitoring, and seamless communication between smart devices. Despite these advantages, the use of public communication channels in HAN and NAN networks introduces critical challenges, such as vulnerability to impersonation, physical tampering, and scalability issues in resource-constrained environments. These issues compromise the stability, reliability, and security of SG environments. Existing protocols often fail to adequately address these challenges, particularly in ensuring resistance to physical tampering of supply lines and impersonation attacks. Additionally, they struggle to minimize the computation, communication, and energy costs associated with securing a resource-constrained SG environment. Therefore, we propose a robust key exchange and tamper-resistant protocol for HAN and NAN networks to address these limitations. The proposed protocol leverages the Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) mechanism to offer physical tampering resistance to smart meters. We validate our protocol formally using the Random or Real (RoR) model, which confirms its security robustness. Additionally, our informal security analysis highlights the protocol's resilience against impersonation, physical tampering attacks, etc. We analyze and compare the performance of the proposed protocol, which further demonstrates our protocol's effectiveness and security compared to competing protocols. Moreover, the proposed protocol achieves resource efficiency with 45.99% and 58.85% substantial reductions in computation overhead and energy overhead, respectively, compared to competing protocols. These results showcase the protocol's enhanced security and practicality for resource-constrained SG environments. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Authentication Protocol

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Piezoelectric Nanocavity Interface for Strong Coupling between a Superconducting Circuit, Phonon, and Spin

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Physical Review Applied 2023年第6期19卷 064051-064051页

作者： Hamza Raniwala Stefan Krastanov Lisa Hackett Matt Eichenfield Dirk R. Englund Matthew E. Trusheim Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Sandia National Laboratories Albuqurque New Mexico USA Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory Adelphi Maryland 20783 USA

We introduce a hybrid tripartite quantum system for strong coupling between a semiconductor spin, a mechanical phonon, and a microwave excitation of a superconducting circuit. Consisting of a piezoelectric resonator with an integrated diamond strain concentrator, this system achieves microwave-acoustic and spin-acoustic coupling rates of approximately megahertz or greater, allowing simultaneous ultrahigh cooperativities (approximately 103 and approximately 102, respectively). From finite-element modeling and master-equation simulations, we estimate superconducting-circuit-to-spin quantum state transfer fidelities exceeding 0.95 on the basis of separately demonstrated device parameters. We anticipate that this device will enable hybrid quantum architectures that leverage the advantages of both superconducting circuits and solid-state spins for information processing, memory, and networking.

关键词： Optomechanics Piezoelectric devices Quantum information with hybrid systems Quantum interconnects Semiconductor quantum optics Superconducting quantum optics Transducers

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Single-Phase and Two-Phase Liquid Immersion Cooling of Data Center Power Supply Units for Heat Capture

Single-Phase and Two-Phase Liquid Immersion Cooling of Data ...

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Intersociety Conference on Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic Systems (ITHERM)

作者： Haoyun Qiu Pouya Kabirzadeh Vivek S. Garimella Arjit Bali Keerthivasan Gurusami Kang Joon Lee Andrew Stillwell Todd Salamon Nenad Miljkovic Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL Optical Systems and Device Research Laboratory Nokia Bell Labs Murray Hill NJ

ISBN: (数字)9798350364330

ISBN: (纸本)9798350364347

Data center power supply units (PSU) have high power density due to the increasing power demand and their low profiles. Air cooling proves to be increasingly difficult in mitigating the hot spots, and it also consumes extra energy in fluid delivery, air conditioning, and rejection to the ambience. In this work, we redesign and modify the PSU cooling infrastructure and adopt quiescent immersion cooling. This design removes all active air-cooling elements and enables heat capture. The PSU used in the experiments is a 2 kW 80 Plus Platinum commercial unit (Bel PET2000-12-074RA). The cooling performance was characterized by tracking the steady-state case temperatures of the switching semiconductors. Flutec PP1 was used to study the cooling performance variations with respect to PSU load and capture temperature. Conventional fan-cooled PSU with heat sinks served as the benchmark. Experiments show that two-phase immersion cooling grants an overall enhancement of 4.4× over the original air-cooling approach at 40 °C heat capture. The results suggest that heat rejection from the dielectric fluid to the riding heatsink is the main bottleneck, and further reduction of the thermal resistance would allow heat capture at a temperature closer to the liquid boiling point. The PSU thermal management approach studied here can help lower data center power usage effectiveness (PUE) while increasing PSU power delivery density.

关键词： Power system measurements Cooling Density measurement Thermal resistance Thermomechanical processes Immersion cooling Switches Thermal management Resistance heating Data center power

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Provably Secure and Efficient One-to-Many Authentication and Key Agreement Protocol for Resource-Asymmetric Smart Environments

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Li, Long Hsu, Chingfang Cui, Jianqun Au, Man Ho Harn, Lein Li, Quanrun Central China Normal University Computer School Wuhan430079 China Central China Normal University Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Smart Learning Wuhan430079 China Department of Computing Hong Kong Polytechnic University 25809 Hong Kong University of Missouri-Kansas City Department of Computer Science Electrical Engineering MO64110 United States Zhejiang Sci-Tech University School of Cyber Science and Engineering Hangzhou310020 China

The smart environment is a crucial application of the Internet of Things(IoT). Due to its growing security and efficiency needs, recent years have seen the proposal of numerous authentication and key agreement (AKA) protocols. Unfortunately, most of existing AKA protocols only support one-to-one AKA and rely on the elliptic curve cryptosystem, resulting in huge overhead. In addition, these protocols fail to consider the resource-asymmetric characteristics of this scenario. That is, the resources on the gateway side are abundant, while the resources on user sides and device sides are limited. In order to achieve efficient and secure one-to-many AKA establishment in this scenario, where one-to-many means that users can realize key agreements with multiple smart devices at the same time. For the first time, this paper uses the one-to-many computing structure of the Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT) to design an efficient one-to-many AKA establishment, which is perfectly adapted to resource-asymmetric allocation in smart environments. Compared with existing solutions, this solution has the following advantages. Firstly, our protocol is suitable for resource-asymmetric environments, where the gateway acts as an intermediate node and uses rich resources to integrate multiple AKA requests. Secondly, the solution supports users to negotiate session keys with multiple smart devices at the same time. Thirdly, we prove the protocol’s security under the Real-or-Random (ROR) model. In addition, we perform formal security verification of the protocol using the Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications(AVISPA) tool. Finally, the security and efficiency of this solution are superior to similar solutions. Specifically, our solution can meet 18 security and functionality requirements. Compared with the latest similar scheme, assuming that the number of smart devices is 10, our scheme reduces the computational cost by 75.75%. At the same time, in terms of comm

关键词： Authentication Protocol

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Strain-enhanced dynamic regulation of chiroptical responses in 3D suspended nested metamaterials

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Optics Express 2025年第11期33卷 23440-23451页

作者： Bo Li ShiLong Duan QiuShun Zou RuanSheng Guo YiMin Chen ChenJie Gu PeiQing Zhang Xiang Shen Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo University Ningbo 315211 China Laboratory of Infrared Material and Devices Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Functional Materials and Devices Advanced Technology Research Institute Ningbo University Zhejiang 315211 China CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Department of Modern Mechanics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230027 China

Three-dimensional (3D) chiral metamaterials, which exhibit strong chiroptical responses, have attracted tremendous attention in the broad fields of next-generation photonic devices and chiroptical spectroscopy techniques. There is an urgent need for a novel fabrication approach that enables the rapid and straightforward preparation of 3D chiral nanostructures, along with a robust strategy for achieving dynamic regulation. Here, we proposed a strain-enhanced strategy for dynamically regulating the chiroptical responses of 3D suspended nested metamaterials from the transformation of a 2D precursor. The local strain enhancement could effectively resolve the bottleneck of insufficient strain and low precision for the buckling strain self-assembly. The changing morphology and circular dichroism (CD) of 3D suspended chiral metamaterials were analyzed under the impact of a strain-enhanced effect. Then, the uplifted heights of these 3D nanostructures increased with the substrate's pre-strain ( ɛ pre ). Its CD reached up to 0.79, mainly resulting from ring electric dipoles. Interestingly, the chiroptical responses of 3D nanopyramids were regulated dynamically by controlling the substrate's pre-strain. Such a strategy provides a new pathway for achieving high-performance chiral metamaterials and offers promising applications in circularly polarized light detection, super-chiral light sources, optical communication, and advanced nanophotonic systems.

关键词： Holographic displays Luminescent materials Negative index materials Optical properties Photonic devices Refractive index

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Domain decomposition based on the spectral element method for frequency-domain computational elastodynamics

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science China Earth sciences 2021年第3期64卷 388-403页

作者： Linlin SHI Mingwei ZHUANG Yuanguo ZHOU Na LIU Qinghuo LIU Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics and Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Science and Detection Technology Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China The Fifth Electronics Research Institute of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Guangzhou 510610China College of Communication and Information Engineering Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710054China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA

We propose a domain decomposition method based on the spectral element method(DDM-SEM)for elastic wave computation in frequency *** combines the high accuracy of the spectral element method and the high degree of parallelism of a domain decomposition technique,which makes this method suitable for accurate and efficient simulations of large scale problems in *** the DDM-SEM,the original large-scale problem is divided into a number of well designed *** use the spectral element method independently for each subdomain,and the neighboring subdomains are connected by a frequency-domain version of Riemann transmission condition(RTC)for elastic *** the proposed method,we can employ the non-conforming meshes and different interpolation orders in different subdomains to maximize the *** separating the internal and boundary unknowns of each subdomain,an efficient and naturally parallelizable block LDU direct solver is developed to solve the final system *** experiments verify its accuracy and efficiency,and show that the proposed DDM-SEM can be a promising numerical tool for accurately and effectively solving large and multi-scale problems of elastic *** is potentially valuable for the frequency domain seismic inversion where multiple source illuminations are required.

关键词： Elastic waves Domain decomposition Spectral element method Frequency domain Numerical simulations

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Co‑packaged optics(CPO):status,challenges,and solutions

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2023年第1期16卷 1-40页

作者： Min Tan Jiang Xu Siyang Liu Junbo Feng Hua Zhang Chaonan Yao Shixi Chen Hangyu Guo Gengshi Han Zhanhao Wen Bao Chen Yu He Xuqiang Zheng Da Ming Yaowen Tu Qiang Fu Nan Qi Dan Li Li Geng Song Wen Fenghe Yang Huimin He Fengman Liu Haiyun Xue Yuhang Wang Ciyuan Qiu Guangcan Mi Yanbo Li Tianhai Chang Mingche Lai Luo Zhang Qinfen Hao Mengyuan Qin School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute Guangzhou 511462China The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511462China Chongqing United Micro-Electronics Center(CUMEC) Chongqing 401332China Hisense Broadband Multimedia Technologies Co. Ltd.Qingdao 266000China Institute of Microelectronics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China School of Microelectronics Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Zhangjiang Laboratory Shanghai 201210China The State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Department of Electronic EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 440307China College of Computer National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100086China

Due to the rise of 5G,IoT,AI,and high-performance computing applications,datacenter trafc has grown at a compound annual growth rate of nearly 30%.Furthermore,nearly three-fourths of the datacenter trafc resides within *** conventional pluggable optics increases at a much slower rate than that of datacenter *** gap between application requirements and the capability of conventional pluggable optics keeps increasing,a trend that is *** optics(CPO)is a disruptive approach to increasing the interconnecting bandwidth density and energy efciency by dramatically shortening the electrical link length through advanced packaging and co-optimization of electronics and *** is widely regarded as a promising solution for future datacenter interconnections,and silicon platform is the most promising platform for large-scale *** international companies(e.g.,Intel,Broadcom and IBM)have heavily investigated in CPO technology,an inter-disciplinary research feld that involves photonic devices,integrated circuits design,packaging,photonic device modeling,electronic-photonic co-simulation,applications,and *** review aims to provide the readers a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art progress of CPO in silicon platform,identify the key challenges,and point out the potential solutions,hoping to encourage collaboration between diferent research felds to accelerate the development of CPO technology.

关键词： Co-packaged optics Silicon photonics High-performance computing Advanced packaging External laser Optical power delivery Co-simulation Standardization Transmitter Receiver

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Generative AI-Driven Incentive Mechanism for Semantic Communications in RSMA Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking 2025年第3期11卷 1708-1722页

作者： Liu, Dongqing Liu, Yongwen Zhang, Lei Hafid, Abdelhakim Khoukhi, Lyes Li, Mingyuan Liu, Yutao Dong, Yadong The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University National Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications Zhengzhou China Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Software Engineering College Zhengzhou China Henan University of Technology College of Electrical Engineering Zhengzhou China University of Montreal Department of Computer Science and Operational Research Canada GREYC Laboratory ENSICAEN Normandie University France

This paper proposes a framework integrating Rate Splitting Multiple Access (RSMA), semantic communications, and generative AI for optimizing next-generation wireless networks. We present a unified model that combines RSMA with semantic communications to enhance both spectral efficiency and semantic fidelity. Our system model focuses on a downlink semantic communication system with a multi-antenna base station serving multiple single-antenna users. A dynamic contract-based incentive mechanism is developed to address user heterogeneity and information asymmetry in semantic RSMA scenarios. We introduce a diffusion model-based approach for joint optimization of resource allocation and contract design in RSMA systems. The semantic encoding process extracts key information, i.e., free-space detection, interest points, object attributes, and spatial relationships, from image data. A loss function is designed to train the semantic encoder and RSMA scheme, incorporating semantic extraction, partitioning, reconstruction, and task specific components. Our framework includes a multi-objective performance evaluation that considers both conventional metrics and semantic accuracy in a multi-user RSMA environment. We also define a multi-component semantic accuracy metric to assess the quality and utility of the extracted semantic information. Extensive simulation results demonstrate the superiority of our proposed framework over existing approaches in terms of system throughput, energy efficiency, and semantic fidelity across various network scenarios and user distributions. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Resource allocation

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Generative Neural Net for Spatial Concept-to-Image

Generative Neural Net for Spatial Concept-to-Image

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Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition Workshop (AIPR)

作者： Brendan Young Derek T. Anderson James M. Keller Fred Petry Chris J. Michael Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department University of Missouri Columbia MO USA U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Stennis Space Center MS USA

Numerous artificial intelligence (AI) approaches, such as generative AI (GAI), large language models (LLM) and text-to-image networks, necessitate spatial intelligence for effective operation. Yet, a prevailing ideology embedded in contemporary solutions is their inclination to strictly adhere to a data-driven approach when addressing spatial learning. This viewpoint leads to opaque solutions, aka "black boxes", and it presupposes that the intricacies of spatial reasoning will effortlessly surface as an inherent byproduct of extensive data exposure. This simplistic reliance on data overlooks the wealth of established psychology and mathematics governing spatial relations and their inherent uncertainties. In this article, we delve into neural networks and learning strategies for incorporating well-established spatial relations mathematics into an effective and explainable GAI. Specifically, we showcase how to translate abstract concepts, expressed as sets of spatial relations, into visual imagery. This resulting imagery can be immediately used or passed on as a spatial prior to a larger and more sophisticated GAI. We present two synthetic use cases wherein spatial concepts materialize as intricate arrangements of multi-part colored geometric primitives, undergoing a spectrum of diverse planar affine transformations. Our exploration is categorized into two dimensions: discerning spatial placements (aka the "where") and shape depiction (aka the "what"). Overall, we’ve noted a strength in our proposed neural networks in discerning spatial placements. However, while our nets also exhibit a competence in determining "what" to depict, we recognize the necessity for additional fine-tuning to achieving visual imagery consistent with state-of-the-art works like DALL-E and stable diffusion.

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Joint Design of Radar Receive Filter and Unimodular ISAC Waveform with Sidelobe Level Control

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Kecheng Liu, Ya-Feng Wang, Zhongbin Yuan, Weijie Keskin, Musa Furkan Wymeersch, Henk Xia, Shuqiang School of System Design and Intelligent Manufacturing The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Robotics and Computer Vision Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing Institute of Computational Mathematics and Scientific/Engineering Computing Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Department of Electrical Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg41296 Sweden ZTE Corporation The State Key Laboratory of Mobile Network and Mobile Multimedia Technology Shenzhen518055 China

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has been considered a key feature of next-generation wireless networks. This paper investigates the joint design of the radar receive filter and dual-functional transmit waveform for the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) ISAC system. While optimizing the mean square error (MSE) of the radar receive spatial response and maximizing the achievable rate at the communication receiver, besides the constraints of full-power radar receiving filter and unimodular transmit sequence, we control the maximum range sidelobe level, which is often overlooked in existing ISAC waveform design literature, for better radar imaging performance. To solve the formulated optimization problem with convex and nonconvex constraints, we propose an inexact augmented Lagrangian method (ALM) algorithm. For each subproblem in the proposed inexact ALM algorithm, we custom-design a block successive upper-bound minimization (BSUM) scheme with closed-form solutions for all blocks of variable to enhance the computational efficiency. Convergence analysis shows that the proposed algorithm is guaranteed to provide a stationary and feasible solution. Extensive simulations are performed to investigate the impact of different system parameters on communication and radar imaging performance. Comparison with the existing works shows the superiority of the proposed algorithm. © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Mean square error

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