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22nd IEEE International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications, ICMLA 2023

作者： Balaji, Adarsha Balaprakash, Prasanna Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL United States Computing and Computational Sciences Directorate Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345346

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) executed on neuro-morphic hardware (NmC) have shown great potential to perform a class of learning and inference tasks with low latency and high energy efficiency. However, there are an ever increasing number of design hyperparameters related to the learning algorithms, neuron and synaptic models, neural network architectures and neuromorphic hardware that are required to design the SNN model. These hyperparameters determine the accuracy and en-ergy efficiency of the trained model and often require application, hardware, and software expertise, and are often determined by trial and error, which is a difficult, ad-hoc, and time consuming process. Therefore, there is a need for an automated hyperpa-rameter tuning framework that can search a set of software and hardware hyperparameters to find an SNN model with optimal application accuracy and energy efficiency, when inferred on a NmC. To this end, we propose a framework to co-optimize the accuracy and energy consumption of an SNN model executed on an cross-bar based NmC. The proposed framework integrates three key components: (1) SNNTorch, to train and validate SNN model, (2) SNN-Neurosim, a custom energy estimator for cross-bar based NmC and (3) DeepHyper, a scalable hyperparameter tuning approach to explore the hyperparameter search space of the SNN model and neuromorphic hardware. We evaluate the framework using SNN models trained for scientific applications to (1) parameterize the planetary boundary layer (PBL) using data from the Weather Research Forecast (WRF) model, (2) detect Bragg diffraction peaks for use in X-ray based diffraction microscopy and (3) the reconstruction of high-fidelity amplitude and phase for ptychographic imaging. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Hyperparameter Tuning Neuromorphic computing Spiking Neural Networks

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An Elite Archive-Assisted Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm for mRNA Design 13

An Elite Archive-Assisted Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algor...

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13th IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, CEC 2024

作者： Hong, Wenjing Chen, Cheng Zhu, Zexuan Tang, Ke Shenzhen University National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen China Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350308365

Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have emerged as highly effective strategies in the prophylaxis and treatment of diseases. mRNA design, a key to the success of mRNA vaccines, in-volves finding optimal codons and increasing secondary structure stability to lengthen mRNA half-life, ultimately enhancing protein expression. Despite receiving widespread attention, most methods primarily rely on manual design, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. While optimization approaches can alleviate this issue, existing methods still exhibit critical limitations caused by conflicts between codon usage and mRNA structural stability, compounded by the vast design space of mRNA resulting from the presence of synonymous codons. In this paper, a novel multi-objective evolutionary optimization-based mRNA design method is proposed. We first formulate the mRNA design problem as a multi-objective optimization problem and then develop an Elite Archive-Assisted Multi-Objective Evolutionary algorithm for mRNA Design, namely EAA-MOED, by incorporating a novel elite archive-assisted method into a weighted optimization framework to improve search efficiency. Experimental studies, involving two state-of-the-art mRNA design methods and five well-known MOEAs, show the competitiveness of the proposed EAA-MOED in mRNA design. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Vaccines

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HighlightRemover: Spatially Valid Pixel Learning for Image Specular Highlight Removal 24

HighlightRemover: Spatially Valid Pixel Learning for Image S...

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32nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia, MM 2024

作者： Zhang, Ling Ma, Yidong Jiang, Zhi He, Weilei Bao, Zhongyun Fu, Gang Xu, Wenju Xiao, Chunxia School of Computer Science and Technology Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Realtime Industrial Systems Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China School of Computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan China Department of Computing Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Amazon Palo Alto United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706868

Recently, learning-based methods have made significant progress for image specular highlight removal. However, many of these approaches treat all the image pixels uniformly, overlooking the negative impact of invalid pixels on feature reconstruction. This oversight often leads to undesirable outcomes, such as color distortion or residual highlights. In this paper, we propose a novel image specular highlight removal network called HighlightRNet, which utilizes valid pixels as references to reconstruct the highlight-free image. To achieve this, we introduce a context-aware fusion block (CFBlock) that aggregates information in four directions, effectively capturing global contextual information. Additionally, we introduce a location-aware feature transformation module (LFTModule) to adaptively learn the valid pixels for feature reconstruction, thereby avoiding information errors caused by invalid pixels. With these modules, our method can produce high-quality highlight-free results without color distortion and highlight residual. Furthermore, we develop a multiple light image-capturing system to construct a large-scale highlight dataset called NSH, which exhibits minimal misalignment in image pairs and minimal brightness variation in non-highlight regions. Experimental results on various datasets demonstrate the superiority of our method over state-of-the-art methods, both qualitatively and quantitatively. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Pixels

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Scientific Research Transformation Needed for Comprehensive Artificial Intelligence Implementation 17

Scientific Research Transformation Needed for Comprehensive ...

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17th International Conference on Management of Large-Scale System Development, MLSD 2024

作者： Medennikov, Viktor Bogatyreva, Larisa Federal Research Center 'Computer Science and Control' of the Russian Academy of Sciences Information and Computing Systems Department Moscow Russia V.A. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Modular Data Processing and Control Systems Moscow Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350375718

The paper deals with complementary changes in scientific research and real economy (exemplified by the farming industry) taking place when using the holistic approach to the industry's digital transformation resulting in the appearance of precise agrarian technologies that require a comprehensive, system-based combination of research and production resources that are able to ensure increased productivity in the industry. We demonstrate that among these new technologies, the artificial intelligence methods have a special significance. They have to, however, go through integration transformations to become standards for the proposed common digital farming management platform. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Agricultural economics

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Medical image registration and its application in retinal images:a review

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Visual computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art 2024年第1期7卷 142-164页

作者： Qiushi Nie Xiaoqing Zhang Yan Hu Mingdao Gong Jiang Liu Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems and Department of Computer Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Center for High Performance Computing and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Intelligent Bioinformatics Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore 169856Singapore State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Optometry and Visual ScienceEye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027China

Medical image registration is vital for disease diagnosis and treatment with its ability to merge diverse informa-tion of images,which may be captured under different times,angles,or *** several surveys have reviewed the development of medical image registration,they have not systematically summarized the existing med-ical image registration *** this end,a comprehensive review of these methods is provided from traditional and deep-learning-based perspectives,aiming to help audiences quickly understand the development of medical image *** particular,we review recent advances in retinal image registration,which has not attracted much *** addition,current challenges in retinal image registration are discussed and insights and prospects for future research provided.

关键词： computer-aided diagnosis Medical image registration Deep learning Generative model Transformer Retina

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Modified simulated annealing for university teacher course assignment considering socio-cultural constraints

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2025年第3期17卷 1533-1549页

作者： Brahimi, Samiha Sabba, Sara Elhussein, Mariam Alqahtani, Mohammed Department of Computer Information Systems College of Computer Science and Information Technology Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Saudi Arabia Faculty of New Technologies of Information and Communication Laboratory of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence (LISIA) Abdelhamid Mahri Constantine-2 University Constantine 25016 Algeria Department of Mathematics and Computing Mount Royal University Calgary AB Canada

This paper aims to address the complex challenge of course assignment for faculty members within a Saudi university, taking into account the socio-cultural constraints imposed by gender-based segregation between students and faculty. To tackle this challenge, a combinatorial optimization model is proposed, which includes a binary representation of the problem, constraints reflecting gender segregation, and an objective function designed to maximize faculty satisfaction. The model employs a Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithm, supplemented with two neighborhood search heuristics (H1 and H2), to explore diverse combinations. Additionally, a greedy randomized adaptive search procedure Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure (GRASP) algorithm is implemented for comparative analysis, utilizing heuristic 1 for local search. Through the application of simulated annealing alongside both heuristics (SA_H1_H2), the optimal solution is achieved, resulting in a notable equilibrium of courses among faculty members. Objective 1 demonstrates the standardized deviation in workload distribution among faculty members, yielding a deviation value of 0.08. This study contributes to the field by proposing a novel approach to course assignment that explicitly addresses the gender-based segregation prevalent in Saudi universities. By integrating socio-cultural constraints into the optimization model and employing advanced algorithms, the study offers a pioneering solution to a previously unexplored problem domain. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2024.

关键词： GRASP Mathematical model Operations Research Optimization Simulated annealing Teacher_Course assignment

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A Counterfactual Ultrasound Anti-Interference Self-Supervised Network for B-mode Ultrasound Tongue Extraction

A Counterfactual Ultrasound Anti-Interference Self-Supervise...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Jia, Yan Cheng, Yuqing Xu, Kele Dou, Yong Qiao, Peng He, Zhouyu National Key Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Computing College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha China College of Systems Engineering National University of Defense Technology Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

B-mode ultrasound tongue imaging is a non-invasive and real-time method for visualizing vocal tract deformation. However, accurately extracting the tongue's surface contour remains a significant challenge due to the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and prevalent speckle noise in ultrasound images. Traditional supervised learning models often require large labeled datasets, which are labor-intensive to produce and susceptible to noise interference. To address these limitations, we present a novel Counterfactual Ultrasound Anti-Interference Self-Supervised Network (CUAI-SSN), which integrates self-supervised learning (SSL) with counterfactual data augmentation, progressively disentangles confounding factors, ensuring that the model generalizes well across varied ultrasound conditions. Our approach leverages causal reasoning to decouple noise from relevant features, enabling the model to learn robust representations that focus on essential tongue structures. By generating counterfactual image-label pairs, our method introduces alternative, noise-independent scenarios that enhance model training. Furthermore, we introduce attention mechanisms to enhance the network's ability to capture fine-grained details even in noisy conditions. Extensive experiments on real ultrasound tongue images demonstrate that CUAI-SSN outperforms existing methods, setting a new benchmark for automated contour extraction in ultrasound tongue imaging. Our code is publicly available at https://***/inexhaustible419/CounterfactualultrasoundAI. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： contour extraction counterfactual inference self-supervised learning speech production ultrasound image

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Advances in Privacy Preserving Federated Learning to Realize a Truly Learning Healthcare System 6

Advances in Privacy Preserving Federated Learning to Realize...

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6th IEEE International Conference on Trust, Privacy and Security in Intelligent systems, and Applications, TPS-ISA 2024

作者： Madduri, Ravi Li, Zilinghan Nandi, Tarak Kim, Kibaek Ryu, Minseok Rodriguez, Alex Argonne National Laboratory Data Science and Learning Division LemontIL United States Argonne National Laboratory Mathematics and Computer Science LemontIL United States Arizona State University School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence TempeAZ United States Argonne National Laboratory Data Science and Learning LemontIL United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386745

The concept of a learning healthcare system (LHS) envisions a self-improving network where multimodal data from patient care are continuously analyzed to enhance future healthcare outcomes. However, realizing this vision faces significant challenges in data sharing and privacy protection. Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning (PPFL) is a transformative and promising approach that has the potential to address these challenges by enabling collaborative learning from decentralized data while safeguarding patient privacy. This paper proposes a vision for integrating PPFL into the healthcare ecosystem to achieve a truly LHS as defined by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) Roundtable. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Federated learning

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A Simulation Study of Quantum Clock Synchronization Using Teleportation 1

A Simulation Study of Quantum Clock Synchronization Using Te...

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1st International Conference on Quantum Communications, Networking, and computing, QCNC 2024

作者： Yu, Eric Butko, Anastasia Ghosal, Dipak Kiran, Mariam Rao, Nageswara Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Computing Research Division BerkeleyCA United States University of California Department of Computer Science DavisCA United States BerkeleyCA United States Oak Ridge National Laboratory Computational Sciences and Engineering Division Oak RidgeTN United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350366778

An important requirement in implementing distributed computing and sensing application is the synchronization of clocks at various locations. The Internet relies on the Network Time Protocol (NTP), which synchronizes clocks with accuracy in the order of milliseconds. More recently an ensemble of atomic clocks is used for navigation based on GPS. These clocks are highly accurate and provide time with very low uncertainty. Even so, many physics experiments such as distributed LIGO-based systems may require more accurate clock synchronization that is achievable using quantum entanglement. This requires the deployment of a network of quantum clocks synchronized by exploiting entangled atomic clock qubits. In this paper, we carry out a simulation study of synchronizing a network of quantum clocks interconnected by a fiber plant that supports the ESnet;the latter is used to support the classical communication needed for teleportation. We consider an existing protocol for synchro-nizing the atomic clock qubits that relies on the GHZ states. To assess the performance of the protocol we developed a discrete-event simulation of the network using IBM Qiskit framework for underlying quantum gate operations and measurements. The simulation results shed light on the resources required in terms of the number entangled qubits and the time needed to achieve the synchronization of different number of nodes in ESnet. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Quantum entanglement

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Deep Learning in Medical Image Registration: Magic or Mirage?

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Jena, Rohit Sethi, Deeksha Chaudhari, Pratik Gee, James C. Computer and Information Science Electrical and Systems Engineering Radiology Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory United States

Classical optimization and learning-based methods are the two reigning paradigms in deformable image registration. While optimization-based methods boast generalizability across modalities and robust performance, learning-based methods promise peak performance, incorporating weak supervision and amortized optimization. However, the exact conditions for either paradigm to perform well over the other are shrouded and not explicitly outlined in the existing literature. In this paper, we make an explicit correspondence between the mutual information of the distribution of per-pixel intensity and labels, and the performance of classical registration methods. This strong correlation hints to the fact that architectural designs in learning-based methods is unlikely to affect this correlation, and therefore, the performance of learning-based methods. This hypothesis is thoroughly validated with state-of-the-art classical and learning-based methods. However, learning-based methods with weak supervision can perform high-fidelity intensity and label registration, which is not possible with classical methods. Next, we show that this high-fidelity feature learning does not translate to invariance to domain shift, and learning-based methods are sensitive to such changes in the data distribution. Finally, we propose a general recipe to choose the best paradigm for a given registration problem, based on these observations. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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