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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Jiacheng Liu, Yinqiu Du, Hongyang Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Zhou, Haibo Kim, Dong In The College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China The School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon16419 Korea Republic of

In wireless communications, transforming network into graphs and processing them using deep learning models, such as Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), is one of the mainstream network optimization approaches. While effective, the generative AI (GAI) shows stronger capabilities in graph analysis, processing, and generation, than conventional methods such as GNN, offering a broader exploration space for graph-based network optimization. Therefore, this article proposes to use GAI-based graph generation to support wireless networks. Specifically, we first explore applications of graphs in wireless networks. Then, we introduce and analyse common GAI models from the perspective of graph generation. On this basis, we propose a framework that incorporates the conditional diffusion model and an evaluation network, which can be trained with reward functions and conditions customized by network designers and users. Once trained, the proposed framework can create graphs based on new conditions, helping to tackle problems specified by the user in wireless networks. Finally, using the link selection in an integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) as an example, the effectiveness of the proposed framework is validated. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Wireless networks

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Sparse Attention-based Hierarchical Node Representation for Spatial Domain Identification

Sparse Attention-based Hierarchical Node Representation for ...

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IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)

作者： Wei Peng Zhihao Ping Wei Dai Xiaodong Fu Li Liu Lijun Liu Ning Yu Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and Technology Computer Technology Application Key Lab of Yunnan Province Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China Department of Computing Sciences The College at Brockport State University of New York Brockport NY

ISBN: (数字)9798350386226

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386233

Using deep learning models on spatial transcriptomics data to identify the spatial domain is crucial for uncovering the spatial distribution of cells and gene expression patterns within tissues, essential for understanding complex biological processes and disease mechanisms. Existing methods for spatial domain partitioning often rely on predefined adjacency relationships at a single scale, overlooking the hierarchical structure and functional characteristics of biological tissues. In this paper, we propose SpaNFM, a novel method that leverages sparse attention-based hierarchical node representation and multi-view contrastive learning for spatial domain identification in spatial transcriptomics data. The SpaNFM first treats each spot as a node and constructs two views using different data augmentation techniques based on tissue image information, gene expression profiles, and spatial coordinates of cells. Subsequently, SpaNFM utilizes a sparse attention-based hierarchical node fusion module to generate coarse-grained node representations. This fine-to-coarse hierarchical structure integrates complementary information from multi-granularity node features and reduces model complexity due to the decreased node size. The model parameters are updated using gene expression reconstruction loss and contrastive loss on the coarse-grained node representations from the two views. Finally, the learned node features are subjected to downstream clustering using the Leiden algorithm. We tested SpaNFM on the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex dataset. The results demonstrate that SpaNFM outperforms other state-of-the-art methods in most cases. The data and code are available at: https://***/weiba/SpaNFM

关键词： Biological system modeling Biological tissues Transcriptomics Contrastive learning Feature extraction Brain modeling Spatial databases Gene expression Resource management Image reconstruction

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Faulty diagnostics model for wind power plant application using AI

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Measurement: Sensors 2023年 25卷

作者： Sudhakar, Puladasu Kamble, Nitin K. K, Geetha Turukmane, Anil V. Perli, Suresh Babu P, Jayaraman Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sree Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology and Science Telangana Mahabubnagar509204 India Department of Robotics and Automation D. Y. Patil College of Engineering Pradhikaran Akurdi Pune411044 India Department of Computing Technologies School of Computing SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chengalpattu District Kattankulathur603203 India Department of Computer Science & Engineering VIT- AP University AmaravatiVijaywada India Department of Electrical Engineering NIT Warangal Telangana WARANGAL506004 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Prathyusha Engineering College Aranvoyalkuppam Tiruvallur Tamil Nadu Chennai602025 India

Researchers desperately ought to build an efficient turbine problem detection & simulation environment given the quick increase in wind energy capacity and the steadily rising operational cost duration of wind generators. The two aspects of fault identification & fault prediction are employed to describe the primary problem features of wind generators. We examine and synthesize the studies on fault detection techniques that rely on vibrating, electrical impulse evaluation, and pattern matching to address the challenging difficulties of defect detection. During the same period, we highlight the computationally efficient, constraints, and potential directions of distinct approaches. We review recent study developments & suggest a defect forecasting model that utilizes a physical breakdown prototype with data analysis theory fused depending on the mechanics and electronic subsystem degradation features of wind energy. In this study, we employ the Internet of Things (IoT) on Deep Learning (DL) architecture to forecast and identify wind energy generation issues. The testing findings demonstrate the method's ability to diagnose faults logically and forecast their types. © 2022 The Authors

关键词： Pattern matching

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Analog Magnetic Sensor-Robotic System for Steel Structure Inspection

Analog Magnetic Sensor-Robotic System for Steel Structure In...

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IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration

作者： Anh Quyen Pham Duc La Hung Manh La AIR-VIET Corporation in Vietnam Kahlert School of Computing University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering Advanced Robotics and Automation (ARA) Lab University of Nevada Reno NV USA

More and more steel bridge collapse accidents occur worldwide due to broken steel structures, causing significant l oss o f l ife a nd p roperty t o m ankind. T his has spurred much research into robots that can climb steel surfaces and carry smart sensors with the desire to assist inspectors in inspecting steel defects. However, current non-destructive evaluation (NDE) sensors such as eddy-current and giant magnetoresistance (GMR) are not able to be integrated with the robotic platforms due to their large size, mass, and limited ability to interface. More importantly, these NDE sensors may fail to detect hidden and underlying cracks. Therefore, in this paper, we present a novel and compact analog magnetic sensor system to detect different types of cracks in steel. Validations are carried out on a steel test plate 600mm long, 140mm wide, and 6mm thick, and precision machined by CNCs to produce various man-made cracks including penetrating cracks, surface cracks, internal/hidden cracks, and underlying cracks. These cracks have a width varying from 0.6mm to 1.2mm with different depth levels. Combined with applying the Kalman filter t o t he n oise r eduction s ystem, t he r esults o btained are accurate, and the response speed is fast. The sensor is small enough and has firmware/software with an interface to make it possible to be integrated with a small drone or a climbing robot to perform an in-depth inspection of the steel bridge. A demonstration of the system can be seen in this video: https://***/OrdpLdnFlYk

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Arena: A Learning-based Synchronization Scheme for Hierarchical Federated Learning-Technical Report

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Qi, Tianyu Zhan, Yufeng Li, Peng Guo, Jingcai Xia, Yuanqing The School of Automation Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China The School of Computer Science and Engineering The University of Aizu Aizuwakamatsu Japan The Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training among distributed devices without data sharing, but existing FL suffers from poor scalability because of global model synchronization. To address this issue, hierarchical federated learning (HFL) has been recently proposed to let edge servers aggregate models of devices in proximity, while synchronizing via the cloud periodically. However, a critical open challenge about how to make a good synchronization scheme (when devices and edges should be synchronized) is still unsolved. Devices are heterogeneous in computing and communication capability, and their data could be non-IID. No existing work can well synchronize various roles (e.g., devices and edges) in HFL to guarantee high learning efficiency and accuracy. In this paper, we propose a learning-based synchronization scheme for HFL systems. By collecting data such as edge models, CPU usage, communication time, etc., we design a deep reinforcement learning-based approach to decide the frequencies of cloud aggregation and edge aggregation, respectively. The proposed scheme well considers device heterogeneity, non-IID data and device mobility, to maximize the training model accuracy while minimizing the energy overhead. Meanwhile, the convergence bound of the proposed synchronization scheme has been analyzed. And we build an HFL testbed and conduct the experiments with real data obtained from Raspberry Pi and Alibaba Cloud. Extensive experiments under various settings are conducted to confirm the effectiveness of Arena. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Optimizing AIGC Services Using Learning-based Stackelberg Game in Vehicular Metaverses

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年

作者： Lai, Bingkun Luo, Xiaofeng Kang, Jiawen Gao, Xiaozheng Yang, Zuyuan Niyato, Dusit Mao, Shiwen Guangdong University of Technology School of Automation Guangzhou510006 China Beijing Institute of Technology School of Information and Electronics Beijing10081 China Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science Singapore Auburn University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering AuburnAL United States

The emerging vehicular metaverse embodies the next-generation vehicular networking paradigm. In the vehicular metaverses, Artificial Intelligence-Generated Content (AIGC) technology as a powerful content generation tool, is capable of providing an immersive experience for Vehicular Metaverse Users (VMUs). Due to limited computational resources within vehicles, VMUs rely on AIGC Service Providers (ASPs) to execute resource-intensive AIGC tasks within vehicular metaverses. However, large-scale AIGC service requests can lead to resource scarcity within the ASP, ultimately leading to declining service quality for VMUs. To tackle this challenge, we introduce a novel Stackelberg game framework utilizing the Generative Diffusion Model (GDM) for AIGC services, in which we experimentally reveal a relationship between image quality and diffusion steps. A Transformer-based Deep Reinforcement Learning (TDRL) algorithm is employed to find the optimal Stackelberg equilibrium under incomplete information. Numerical results indicate that our method converges to equilibrium efficiently, with superior utilities compared to baseline approaches. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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Depth-Aware Multi-Modal Fusion for Generalized Zero-Shot Learning 22

Depth-Aware Multi-Modal Fusion for Generalized Zero-Shot Lea...

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22nd IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics, INDIN 2024

作者： Cao, Weipeng Yao, Xuyang Xu, Zhiwu Pan, Yinghui Sun, Yixuan Li, Dachuan Qiu, Bohua Wei, Muheng Shenzhen China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen China College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Stony Brook University New York United States Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China ZhenDui Industry Artificial Intelligence Co. Ltd Shenzhen China Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of China Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527471

Realizing Generalized Zero-Shot Learning (GZSL) based on large models is emerging as a prevailing trend. However, most existing methods merely regard large models as black boxes, solely leveraging the features output by the final layer while disregarding potential performance enhancements from other layers. Indeed, numerous researchers have visually depicted variations in the features learned across different layers of neural networks. Motivated by this observation, we propose a Vision Transformer (ViT)-based GZSL method named Depth-Aware Multi-Modal ViT (DAM2ViT), which exploits multi-level features of ViT. DAM2ViT incorporates a multi-modal interaction block to align semantic information of categories across multiple layers, thereby augmenting the model’s capacity to learn associations between visual and semantic spaces. Extensive experiments conducted on three benchmark datasets (i.e., CUB, SUN, AWA2) have showcased that DAM2ViT achieves competitive results compared to state-of-the-art methods. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Zero-shot learning

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Curiosity and Affect-Driven Cognitive Architecture for HRI

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IEEE Transactions on Affective computing 2025年

作者： Berto, Leticia Tanevska, Ana Cirne, Azamor Costa, Paula Simoes, Alexandre Gudwin, Ricardo Rea, Francesco Colombini, Esther Sciutti, Alessandra State University of Campinas Institute of Computing Campinas Brazil Italian Institute of Technology CONTACT Unit Genoa Italy Uppsala University Department of Information Technology Uppsala Sweden Federal University of Paraiba Department of Finance and Accounting João Pessoa Brazil State University of Campinas School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Campinas Brazil São Paulo State University Department of Control and Automation Engineering Sorocaba Brazil

This study explores how humans and cognitive robots with different value systems and motivations understand each other's needs in free-form interactions. We developed a cognitive architecture that links sensing and perception to internal motivation and an intrinsic value system for determining actions. Inspired by young children's needs, this architecture includes three drives: learning, interaction, and recharging, each with varying dependence on the human partner. We aimed to assess how experimentally changing the importance of these drives within a fixed architecture affects interaction dynamics with human partners (acting as caregivers) and their understanding of the robot's needs. By adjusting the learning and interaction drives, we created two robot profiles: Playful, which prioritizes environmental exploration and playfulness to reduce boredom, and Social, which focuses on social interaction through touch and visual contact to increase comfort. Our findings show that changing the importance of these drives produces distinct behaviors and human perceptions. Robot behaviors matched their profiles, and participants adapted their responses accordingly. Participants identified and attributed distinct traits to each robot without knowing the specific profiles. Despite variability among human partners, the robots, especially the playful one, were generally well understood by most participants. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Robot learning

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Toward Democratized Generative AI in Next-Generation Mobile Edge Networks

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IEEE Network 2025年

作者： Zhang, Ruichen He, Jiayi Luo, Xiaofeng Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui Li, Yonghui Sikdar, Biplab Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science Singapore Guangdong University of Technology School of Automation Guangzhou510006 China Singapore University of Technology and Design Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Sydney School of Electrical and Information Engineering SydneyNSW2006 Australia National University of Singapore College of Design and Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Singapore

The rapid development of generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, including large language models (LLMs), has brought transformative changes to various fields. However, deploying such advanced models on mobile and edge devices remains challenging due to their high computational, memory, communication, and energy requirements. To address these challenges, we propose a model-centric framework for democratizing generative AI deployment on mobile and edge networks. First, we comprehensively review key compact model strategies, such as quantization, model pruning, and knowledge distillation, and present key performance metrics to optimize generative AI for mobile deployment. Next, we provide a focused review of mobile and edge networks, emphasizing the specific challenges and requirements of these environments. We further conduct a case study demonstrating the effectiveness of these strategies by deploying LLMs on real mobile edge devices. Experimental results highlight the practicality of democratized LLMs, with significant improvements in generalization accuracy, hallucination rate, accessibility, and resource consumption. Finally, we discuss potential research directions to further advance the deployment of generative AI in resource-constrained environments. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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ESO-Based Control for 2-D Networked Control Systems With Markov-Type DoS Attacks

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IEEE Transactions on Network Science and engineering 2025年

作者： Cheng, Peng He, Shuping Xiao, Gaoxi Zhang, Weidong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Anhui University 230601 China Anhui University National Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Acquisition and Protection Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Hefei 230601 China Nanyang Technological University School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering 639798 Singapore Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Automation Shanghai 200240 China

This article aims to investigate the issue of the extended state observer (ESO)-based controller design for a two-dimensional (2-D) networked control system (NCS), where the communication channel suffers from Markov-type denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. The concerned system is developed by the Fornasini-Marchesini second (FMII) model. Firstly, the evolution of the DoS attacks is characterized with the help of a Markov jump process with two modes, which can eliminate the need for an explicit energy description. Moreover, a 2-D information compensation mechanism is devised, which utilizes the most recently received bidirectional signals unaffected by DoS attacks to ensure continuous input to the ESO, thereby mitigating the impact of communication interruptions. With the aid of the ESO, the developed control scheme ensures system stabilization and guarantees ultimate uniform boundedness under DoS attacks. Finally, a simulation example is conducted to validate the soundness and effectiveness of the presented control strategy, and the analysis of the Markov-type DoS attack intensity on system stability is presented as well. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： denial-of-service (DoS) attacks extended state observer (ESO) Fornasini-Marchesini second (FMII) model Networked control system (NCS) ultimate uniform boundedness

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