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24th Conference on Man-Machine-Environment System engineering, MMESE 2024

作者： Ji, Qianru Liu, Haoting Tian, Zhen Wang, Song Li, Qing Yi, Dewei Beijing Engineering Research Center of Industrial Spectrum Imaging School of Automation and Electrical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China Department of Nephrology Peking University Third Hospital Beijing100191 China Department of Computing Science University of Aberdeen AberdeenAB24 3UE United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9789819771387

Vascular skeleton extraction is one of the key steps in medical image analysis. However, during the acquisition process of forearm near-infrared vascular images, due to external factors, they are not clear enough, resulting in inaccurate extraction of vascular skeletons. After preprocessing the initial image, this paper uses the Zhang-Suen refinement algorithm to extract the forearm near-infrared vascular skeleton. This algorithm is an iterative algorithm that can accurately refine the object boundaries in an image into a pixel wide skeleton. The experimental results show that compared to other skeleton extraction algorithms, the Zhang-Suen refinement algorithm obtains smoother, more accurate, and clearer vascular skeletons. © Beijing KeCui Man-Machine-Environment System engineering Technology Research Academy 2024.

关键词： Musculoskeletal system

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Coordinated Synthetic Inertia Control Provision from Distributed Energy Resources and Energy Storage Systems 1

Coordinated Synthetic Inertia Control Provision from Distrib...

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1st International Conference on Intelligent Controller and computing for Smart Power, ICICCSP 2022

作者： Nema, Sumit Prakash, Vivek Bhakar, Rohit Pandzic, Hrvoje School of Automation Banasthali Vidyapith Department of Electrical Engineering Tonk India University of Zagreb Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing Zagreb Croatia Malaviya National Institute of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Jaipur India

ISBN: (数字)9781665472586

ISBN: (纸本)9781665472586

Large-scale integration of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) into power grids reduces the system inertial response. Reduced inertial response results in high Rate-of-Change-of-Frequency (RoCoF) and poses operational challenges regarding the grid frequency stability. The need for Fast Frequency Response (FFR) like Synthetic Inertia Control (SIC) is recognized globally as one of the potential solutions to this challenge. This paper proposes a novel SIC control strategy in an islanded microgrid framework with DERs like wind, photovoltaic, Energy Storage Systems (ESS), Diesel generator and inverters. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is applied to tune the SIC droop, the damping and inverter the time constant. Furthermore, a PID controller is implemented for fine tuning of the synthetic inertia constants. The proposed approach is examined in a control area with distinct degrees of DERs and load. Case studies and numerical results demonstrate about 94% improvement in RoCoF and 72% improvement in the frequency nadir. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Energy storage

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Enhanced Discrete-Time Differentiators for State Observers of Sensorless Permanent Magnetic Synchronous Motor Drives

Enhanced Discrete-Time Differentiators for State Observers o...

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IEEE Annual Southern Power Electronics Conference (SPEC)

作者： Tiago Davi Curi Busarello Department of Control Automation and Computing Engineering Federal University of Santa Catarina Blumenau Brazil

In sensorless motor drive applications, the rotor and the speed of the rotor are usually estimated through state observer algorithms. A key part of such algorithm is the computation of the derivative of the rotor position, resulting in the estimated rotor speed. computing derivatives brings challenges due to their inherent noise amplification characteristic. This paper presents enhanced discrete-time differentiators for state observers of sensorless permanent magnetic synchronous motor drives. A class of discrete-time differentiators based on finite impulse response filters and one based on Kalman filter are proposed. Details about how to obtain the coefficients of the differentiators are presented. To verify the performance of the proposed differentiators, all of them were executed in F28379D LaunchPad microcontroller. Results show that the proposed discrete-time differentiators compute the derivative of the rotor position signal in a satisfactory manner, even in the presence of noise.

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Reinforcement Learning for Online Dispatching Policy in Real-Time Train Timetable Rescheduling

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IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 2024年第1期25卷 478-490页

作者： Yue, Peng Jin, Yaochu Dai, Xuewu Feng, Zhenhua Cui, Dongliang Northeastern University State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Shenyang110819 China University of Bielefeld Nature Inspired Computing and Engineering Group Bielefeld33619 Germany University of Surrey Department of Computer Science GuildfordGU2 7XH United Kingdom University of Surrey School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering GuildfordGU2 7XH United Kingdom

Train Timetable Rescheduling (TTR) is a crucial task in the daily operation of high-speed railways to maintain punctuality and efficiency in the presence of unexpected disturbances. However, it is challenging to promptly create a rescheduled timetable in real time. In this study, we propose a reinforcement-learning-based method for real-time rescheduling of high-speed trains. The key innovation of the proposed method is to learn a well-generalized dispatching policy from a large amount of samples, which can be applied to the TTR task directly. At first, the problem is transformed into a multi-stage decision process, and the decision agent is designed to predict dispatching rules. To enhance the training efficiency, we generate a small yet good-quality action set to reduce invalid explorations. Besides, we propose an action sampling strategy for action selection, which implements forward planning with consideration of evaluation uncertainty, thus improving search efficiency. Extensive experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and competitiveness of the proposed method. It has been proven that the local policies trained by the proposed method can be applied to numerous problem instances directly, rendering it unnecessary to use human-designed rules. © 2000-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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automation 5.0: The Key to Systems Intelligence and Industry 5.0

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第8期11卷 1723-1727页

作者： Ljubo Vlacic Hailong Huang Mariagrazia Dotoli Yutong Wang Petros A.Ioannou Lili Fan Xingxia Wang Raffaele Carli Chen Lv Lingxi Li Xiaoxiang Na Qing-Long Han Fei-Yue Wang Institute of Intelligent and Integrated Systems and the School of Engineering and Built Environment Griffith UniversityNathanQLD 4111Australia Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Polytechnic of Bari70126 BariItaly State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190and also with the Qingdao Academy of Intelligent IndustriesQingdao 266114China Department of Electrical Engineering-Systems University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90007 USA School of Automation Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 Beijing Huairou Academy of Parallel Sensing Beijing 101499China School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue School of Engineering and TechnologyIndiana University-Purdue University IndianapolisIndianapolisIN 46202 USA Department of Engineering University of CambridgeCB21TN CambridgeU.K. School of Science Computing and Engineering TechnologiesSwinburne University of TechnologyMelbourne VIC 3122Australia State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Dazhou Artificial Intelligence Institute Dazhouand the Faculty of Innovation EngineeringMacao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China

automation has come a long way since the early days of mechanization,i.e.,the process of working exclusively by hand or using animals to work with *** rise of steam engines and water wheels represented the first generation of industry,which is now called Industry Citation:***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,Q.-***,and F.-***,“automation 5.0:The key to systems intelligence and Industry 5.0,”IEEE/CAA ***,vol.11,no.8,pp.1723-1727,Aug.2024.

关键词： automation machinery intelligence

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Complex Permeability Determination for EE Core Based on Flexible PCB Fixture and Magnetic Flux Path Length Analysis 2

Complex Permeability Determination for EE Core Based on Flex...

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2nd China Power Supply Society Electromagnetic Compatibility Conference, CPEMC 2024

作者： Jie, Huamin Zhao, Zhenyu Chang, Yongqi Wang, Changdong Jiang, Shiqi Gao, Richard Xian-Ke See, Kye Yak School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Univeristy of Singapore Singapore Singapore Department of Control Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China School of Electronics and Information Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Institute of High Performance Computing A*STAR Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509552

The complex permeability of magnetic cores acts as a vital factor in electromagnetic interference (EMI) filtering choke design and optimization. Many efforts have been reported for toroid cores, but fewer target those with other shapes, such as EE, EI, UU, and UI cores. Owing to their commonly used in planar EMI filters, determining the complex permeability of them is of significance. Targeting EE cores, this paper presents a flexible printed circuit board (PCB)-based fixture adapter tailored designed for performing the measurement, while the corresponding core permeability can be calculated through magnetic flux path length analysis. The experiments validate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed methods, spanning a wide frequency range up to 120 MHz. ©2024 IEEE.

关键词： Magnetic flux

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Multi-Object Tracking for Cotton Boll Counting in Ground Videos Based on Transformer

Multi-Object Tracking for Cotton Boll Counting in Ground Vid...

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2024 American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers Annual International Meeting, ASABE 2024

作者： Tan, Chenjiao Li, Changying Sun, Jin Song, Huaibo College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Northwest A&F University Shaanxi Yangling712100 China Bio-Sensing Automation and Intelligence Laboratory Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering University of Florida GainesvilleFL32611 United States College of Computing University of Georgia AthensGA30602 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331302214

The number of cotton bolls is a crucial phenotyping trait, which is essential for both breeders and growers. This trait offers insights into the plant’s genetic and physiological growth mechanisms and supports decisions in crop management. Counting every cotton boll in the field is difficult for humans, as it is labor-intensive and tedious. With the development of computer vision and robotics, ground robots equipped with deep learning algorithms provide an efficient solution for plant phenotyping. In this paper, we developed a transformer and multi-object tracking-based approach for counting cotton bolls from videos collected by a ground phenotyping robot. RT-DETR, a transformer-based detector, was employed to detect bounding boxes of cotton bolls in each frame. To avoid repeated counting across frames, the FlowFormer model was introduced to predict the dense optical flow between adjacent frames, where the movement of each pixel between two frames can be obtained. The positions of each bounding box in the previous frame can then be estimated in the current frame using the average movement of all pixels within the bounding box. A two-stage association strategy was utilized to associate the detected bounding boxes with the estimated bounding boxes in the current frame, thus avoiding repeated counting. Moreover, a counting line was set to further improve counting accuracy, alleviating the ID switch problem where a single cotton boll could be assigned multiple IDs, leading to duplicated counting if it was not tracked correctly. The cotton boll was counted only when its trajectory intersected with the counting line, which ameliorated the ID switch issue. The experimental results showed that the mAP0.5 of the RT-DETR was 0.929 for cotton boll detection. Furthermore, the developed approach achieved a moderately strong correlation between the predicted number and the ground truth with an R2 of 0.61 and a MAPE of 11.86%. Overall, the developed approach provides an efficient

关键词： Cotton

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Cybersecurity in Industrial Networks: Artificial Intelligence Techniques Applied to Intrusion Detection Systems

Cybersecurity in Industrial Networks: Artificial Intelligenc...

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2023 Congress in Computer Science, Computer engineering, and Applied computing, CSCE 2023

作者： Luis De Moura, Ralf Franqueira, Virginia N. L. Pessin, Gustavo Operational Technology Architecture Vale S.A. Vitória Brazil School of Computing University of Kent Canterbury United Kingdom Instituto de Tecnologia Vale Department of Automation Engineering Ouro Preto Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798350327595

Industrial control systems (ICS) operate on serial-based networks which lack proper security safeguards by design. They are also becoming more integrated to corporate networks, creating new vulnerabilities which expose ICS networks to in-creasing levels of risk with potentially significant impact. Despite those risks, only a few mechanisms have been suggested and are available in practice as cybersecurity safeguards for the ICS network layer, maybe because they might not be commercially viable. Intrusion detection systems (IDS) are typically deployed in the corporate networks to protect against attacks since they are based on TCP/IP. However, IDS are not used in serial-based ICS networks yet. This study examines and compares modern Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques applied in IDS that are potentially useful for serial-based ICS networks. The results showed that current AI-based IDS methods are viable in such networks. A mix of AI techniques would be the best way forward to detect known attacks via rules and novel attacks, not previously mapped, via supervised and unsupervised techniques. Despite these strategies' limited use in serial-based networks, their adoption could significantly strengthen cybersecurity of ICS networks. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： and Intrusion Detection Systems Artificial Intelligence Cybersecurity Industrial Networks Serial Protocols

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Low-Cost Throttle-By-Wire-System Architecture For Two-Wheeler Vehicles

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Kreß, Jannis Rau, Jens Hebert, Hektor Perez-Peña, Fernando Schmidt, Karsten Morgado-Estévez, Arturo Department of Computing and Engineering Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences Germany Department of Automation Electronics and Computing Architecture and Networks University of Cadiz Spain

This paper investigates the performance of a low-cost Throttle-by-Wire-System (TbWS) for two-wheeler applications. Mopeds/scooters are still restricted environmentally harmful. Throttle-by-Wire-Systems can contribute to environmental protection by replacing conventional restrictors. Its consisting of an anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) throttle position sensor and a position controlled stepper motor driven throttle valve actuator. The decentralized throttle position sensor is operating contactless and acquires redundant data. Throttle valve actuation is realized through a position controlled stepper motor, sensing its position feedback by Hall effect. Using a PI-controller, the stepper motors position is precisely set. Both units are transceiving data by a CAN bus. Furthermore, fail-safe functions, plausibility checks, calibration algorithms and energy saving modes have been implemented. Both modules have been evaluated by Hardware-in-the-Loop testing in terms of reliability and measuring/positioning performance before the system was integrated into a Peugeot Kisbee 50 4T (Euro 5/injected). Finally, the sensor unit comes with a measurement deviation of less than 0.16% whereas the actuator unit can approach throttle valve positions with a deviation of less than 0.37%. The actuators settling time does not exceed 0.13s while stable, step-loss free and noiseless operation. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Wire

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Stability Analysis of Continuous-time Switched Systems Based on Jordan Decomposition under Loop-dependent Dwell Time Approach 11

Stability Analysis of Continuous-time Switched Systems Based...

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11th IEEE Data Driven Control and Learning Systems Conference, DDCLS 2022

作者： Zhang, Yue Song, Yang Zhao, Wanqing School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Shanghai University Department of Automation Shanghai200444 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Power Station Automation Technology Shanghai200072 China School of Computing Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich United Kingdom

ISBN: (数字)9781665496759

ISBN: (纸本)9781665496759

In this paper, the concept of loop-dependent dwell time is proposed. The asymptotic stability and global uniform exponential stability of switched linear systems under the loop-dependent dwell time constraints are studied, which is completed by eigenvalue decomposition method of subsystem and matrix inequality method, respectively. This paper promotes and deepens the existing theoretical results based on Jordan decomposition, and obtains the less conservative sufficient conditions. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Asymptotic stability

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