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From Screens to Projector, Wall, and TVs: Conceptualizing Livestreams as Design Material for Direct and Indirect Viewership Experiences

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Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 2023年第CSCW1期7卷 1-22页

作者： Sher, Stephen Tsung-Han Su, Norman Makoto Luddy School of Informatics Computing and Engineering Indiana University Bloomington BloomingtonIN United States University of California Santa CruzCA United States

Livestreams are now ubiquitous-moving beyond web and mobile-based platforms into products such as fitness machines and smart home assistants. As such, viewership practices have also become varied and diverse: livestreams are used for interactive entertainment, social companionship, and multi-perspective spectatorship for music festivals and sporting events. At the premier in-person gaming livestream event, Games Done Quick (GDQ), attendees engage in a variety of different viewership practices across different event spaces where the livestream is projected on large stage screens, onto walls as peripheral displays, and routed to televisions in hotel venue rooms. This study takes GDQ as an information-rich fieldsite to examine how livestream viewership shifts, changes, and interleaves across physical spaces to provide an expanded livestream experience. From 11 semi-structured interviews with GDQ attendees and participant observations at three GDQ events, we found diverse practices of both direct and indirect viewership: the livestream is viewed in collocation with an audience and stage, but is also used to establish viewership continuity across disjoint spaces, tangentially to shop for interesting moments, as a timekeeping device, and even as a means of auditory obfuscation. To unpack these forms of viewership, we conceptualize livestreams as design material and identify its two key qualities of focality and metacontent. We illustrate how examining livestreams' focality and metacontent qualities allow us to understand the relationship between different livestream configurations and different viewership behaviors, as well as chart out new under-explored design directions for livestreaming that blend physical and digital spaces. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Automation

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Creating fiber-embedded photonic circuitry by liquid-phase structuring of multi-material cores 16

Creating fiber-embedded photonic circuitry by liquid-phase s...

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Advanced Fabrication Technologies for Micro/Nano Optics and Photonics XVI 2023

作者： de Lima, Camila Faccini Leffel, Troy Zheng, Mengxin Coulter, Jeffery Gumennik, Alexander Luddy School of Informatics Computing and Engineering Indiana University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510659711

Multi-material fibers are a promising platform for integrating nanoscale structures into macroscale photonic systems due to their unique aspect ratio: fiber cores can be kilometers long and sub-micrometric in their cross-section simultaneously. We are introducing Very Large-Scale Integration for Fibers (or, in short, VLSI-Fi) – manufacturing of integrated photonic circuits in a fiber analogous to VLSI from the microelectronics realm. VLSI-Fi starts with a thermal draw of the 3D printed preform, defining the cross-sectional geometry of the fiber, followed by the axial patterning of the fiber cores into arrays of integrated devices using a material-selective spatially coherent capillary breakup1,2. Additional control over the photonic and electronic properties of devices is accomplished through segregation-driven control of doping. The result is a fiber-embedded integrated photonic circuit with user-defined 3D architecture providing the desired functionality. We argue that the capillary breakup of a viscous thread, nonlinear and often chaotic, becomes predictable if the axial symmetry of the thread viscosity is broken. We found that the capillary breakup of semiconducting fiber cores initiated by feeding the fiber through a spot-like liquefaction zone results in deterministic photonic and optoelectronic structures, such as gratings and spherical resonators. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate a selective breakup of a silicon core in fiber with one silicon and one vanadium core into an array of spherical silicon resonators, with a vanadium electrode flanking those resonators for electrical tuning of their resonant frequencies. Such cascaded resonators are a nontrivial example of photonic circuitry implemented in fiber using a non-CMOS approach. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Fibers

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Skeptical Yet Curious: Attitudes Towards Conversational Assistants for Supporting Social Engagement among Older Adults Living Alone

Skeptical Yet Curious: Attitudes Towards Conversational Assi...

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2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in computing Systems, CHI EA 2025

作者： Joshi, Kasturi Rahul Ulabhaje, Apurva Aniruddha Nataraj, Rachana Martin-Hammond, Aqueasha Luddy School of Informatics Computing and Engineering-Indianapolis Indiana University - Indianapolis IndianapolisIN United States Indiana University - Indianapolis IndianapolisIN United States Department of Human-Centered Computing Indiana University - Indianapolis IndianapolisIN United States Luddy School of Informatics Computing and Engineering Indiana University - Indianapolis IndianapolisIN United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798400713958

As people age, forming and maintaining social connections can become increasingly complex, especially for those living alone. Conversational assistants (CAs) show promise for supporting older adults’ socio-emotional well-being;yet, prior work has primarily focused on CAs potential as digital assistants or companions rather than tools for fostering real-world human connections. We aim to bridge this gap by exploring how CAs can facilitate meaningful social interactions. Through nine scenario-based interviews with older adults living alone, we examined their perceptions of CAs that support relationship-building and mediate meaningful connections, focusing on connecting with others rather than offering companionship. Participants were skeptical yet curious about CAs for socialization. They showed interest in the concepts due to their potential for accessible and personalized socio-emotional connections. However, they also raised significant concerns related to privacy and relational trust. We offer insights into how to better design CAs to meet the socio-emotional needs of older adults. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Sociology

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CKN: An Edge AI Distributed Framework 19

CKN: An Edge AI Distributed Framework

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19th IEEE International Conference on e-Science, e-Science 2023

作者： Withana, Sachith Plale, Beth Luddy School of Informatics Computing and Engineering Indiana University BloomingtonIN United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350322231

The edge-cloud-HPC continuum is transformative for AI processing at the edge. With greater availability of both edge and cloud resources, AI inference, training, and optimization can be distributed across the continuum. We target edge-cloud in particular where the workload at the Edge server can exhibit discrete changes, for instance, when motion is detected. We optimize for Quality of Experience (QoE) and utilize historical data from the Edge, graphs, and Deep Learning to infer the next action to take. Using a large synthetic workload and publicly profiled inference models, our results show that predictive guidance outperforms random choice or best guess in optimal QoE of the edge-cloud continuum. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Quality of service

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Artificial Intelligent Player for Bullet Hell Games Based on Deep Q-Networks 4

Artificial Intelligent Player for Bullet Hell Games Based on...

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4th International Conference on Machine Learning and Computer Application, ICMLCA 2023

作者： Tian, Dongxin Luddy School of Informatics Computing and Engineering Indiana University BloomingtonIN United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798400709449

This study focuses on the application of Deep Q-Networks (DQN) to train AI agents to play bullet hell games. We built a training environment and utilized ray casting to collect input data for the network. Two similar network model architectures were evaluated and compared to maximize the learning efficiency of our AI agent. The trained AI demonstrates commendable performance and the ability to learn and adapt strategies into gameplay. However, while the AI agent displayed potential in mastering gameplay dynamics, there remain several challenges to integrating the agent to complete commercial bullet hell games. These challenges may provide directions for future research. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Deep learning

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The Potential of Neural Speech Synthesis-Based Data Augmentation for Personalized Speech Enhancement 48

The Potential of Neural Speech Synthesis-Based Data Augmenta...

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48th IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2023

作者： Kuznetsova, Anastasia Sivaraman, Aswin Kim, Minje Indiana University Luddy School of Informatics Computing and Engineering BloomingtonIN United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781728163277

With the advances in deep learning, speech enhancement systems benefited from large neural network architectures and achieved state-of-the-art quality. However, speaker-agnostic methods are not always desirable, both in terms of quality and their complexity, when they are to be used in a resource-constrained environment. One promising way is personalized speech enhancement (PSE), which is a smaller and easier speech enhancement problem for small models to solve, because it focuses on a particular test-time user. To achieve the personalization goal, while dealing with the typical lack of personal data, we investigate the effect of data augmentation based on neural speech synthesis (NSS). In the proposed method, we show that the quality of the NSS system's synthetic data matters, and if they are good enough the augmented dataset can be used to improve the PSE system that outperforms the speaker-agnostic baseline. The proposed PSE systems show significant complexity reduction while preserving the enhancement quality. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Speech synthesis

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CryptoQFL: Quantum Federated Learning on Encrypted Data 4

CryptoQFL: Quantum Federated Learning on Encrypted Data

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4th IEEE International Conference on Quantum computing and engineering, QCE 2023

作者： Chu, Cheng Jiang, Lei Chen, Fan Luddy School of Informatics Computing and Engineering Indiana University BloomingtonIN United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350343236

Recent advancements in Quantum Neural Networks (QNNs) have demonstrated theoretical and experimental performance superior to their classical counterparts in a wide range of applications. However, existing centralized QNNs cannot solve many real-world problems because collecting large amounts of training data to a common public site is time-consuming and, more importantly, violates data privacy. Federated Learning (FL) is an emerging distributed machine learning framework that allows collaborative model training on decentralized data residing on multiple devices without breaching data privacy. Some initial attempts at Quantum Federated Learning (QFL) either only focus on improving the QFL performance or rely on a trusted quantum server that fails to preserve data privacy. In this work, we propose CryptoQFL, a QFL framework that allows distributed QNN training on encrypted data. CryptoQFL is (1) secure, because it allows each edge to train a QNN with local private data, and encrypt its updates using quantum homomorphic encryption before sending them to the central quantum server;(2) communication-efficient, as CryptoQFL quantize local gradient updates to ternary values, and only communicate non-zero values to the server for aggregation;and (3) computation-efficient, as CryptoQFL presents an efficient quantum aggregation circuit with significantly reduced latency compared to state-of-the-art approaches. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Data privacy

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COMBINING HAND POSE ESTIMATION WITH AUDIO FOR NOISE-ROBUST PIANO SCORE FOLLOWING 21

COMBINING HAND POSE ESTIMATION WITH AUDIO FOR NOISE-ROBUST P...

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21st Sound and Music computing Conference, SMC 2024

作者： Pet, Kaitlin Maezawa, Akira Luddy School of Informatics Computing and Engineering Indiana University BloomingtonIN United States Yamaha Corpration Hamamatsu Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9789893520758

Tracking the musical score position from a user's piano performance is difficult in noisy environments and other cases when the audio signal is unreliable. We present a multi-modal score following method that seamlessly fuses audio and hand tracking from top-down video of a pianist's hands on the keyboard, using a probabilistic model and a feature-weighing mechanism. Experiments demonstrate our method's robustness under noisy environments and when pieces contain mistakes, compared to a score follower based only on audio input. © 2024. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original.

关键词： Palmprint recognition

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Detecting cultural identity via robotic sensor data to understand differences during human-robot interaction

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Advanced Robotics 2023年第22期37卷 1446-1459页

作者： Lee, Jinjae Bennett, Casey C. Stanojevic, Cedomir Kim, Seongcheol Henkel, Zachary Baugus, Kenna Piatt, Jennifer A. Bethel, Cindy Sabanovic, Selma Department of Intelligence Computing Hanyang University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Computing & Digital Media DePaul University ChicagoIL United States Department of Parks Recreation & Tourism Management Clemson University ClemsonSC United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Mississippi State University Starkville StarkvilleMS United States School of Public Health Indiana University BloomingtonIN United States School of Informatics Computing and Engineering Indiana University BloomingtonIN United States

Socially-assistive robots (SARs) have significant potential to help manage chronic diseases (e.g. dementia, depression, diabetes) in spaces where people live, averse to clinic-based care. However, the challenge is designing SARs so that they perform appropriate interactions with people who have different characteristics, such as age, gender, and cultural identity. Those characteristics impact how human behaviors are performed as well as user expectations of robot responses. Although cross-cultural studies with robots have been conducted to understand differing population characteristics, they have mainly focused on statistical comparisons of groups. In this study, we utilize deep learning (DL) and machine learning (ML) models to evaluate whether cultural differences show up in robotic sensor data during human-robot interaction (HRI). To do so, a SAR was distributed to user's homes for three weeks in the US and Korea (25 participants), while collecting data on the human activity and the surrounding environment through on-board sensor devices. DL models based on that data were able to predict the user’s cultural identity with roughly 95% accuracy. Such findings have potential implications for the design and development of culturally-adaptive SARs to provide services across diverse cultural locales and multi-cultural environments where users’ cultural background cannot be assumed a priori. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group and The Robotics Society of Japan.

关键词： Human robot interaction

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ZaRa-IU-NLP at EXIST 2023 - Sexism Identification: Specialized or Generalized? 24

ZaRa-IU-NLP at EXIST 2023 - Sexism Identification: Specializ...

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24th Working Notes of the Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum, CLEF-WN 2023

作者： Leech, Zackary Regulagedda, Ravi Kübler, Sandra Department of Linguistics Indiana University BloomingtonIN United States Luddy School of Informatics Computing and Engineering Indiana University BloomingtonIN United States

We present our approach to EXIST (sEXism Identification in Social neTworks) Task 1, at CLEF 2023, comprising automatic sexism detection in both English and Spanish on Twitter data. We compare two methods, the first being a bi-ensemble method that combines two pre-trained BERT architectures, BETO and RoBERTa, for each specific language, Spanish and English, respectively. The second method utilizes the larger multilingual transformer, RoBERTa-XLM-base, and considers the entire dataset despite language differences. We show that the language-specific ensemble performs better than the generalized model and is a better choice when looking at sexism detection in mixed Spanish and English data. © 2023 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： Linguistics

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