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11th IEEE International Conference on Healthcare informatics, ICHI 2023

作者： Lucas, Mary M. Chang, Chia-Hsuan Yang, Christopher C. Drexel University College of Computing and Informatics PhiladelphiaPA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302639

While predictive models in healthcare have great potential for discovering knowledge and supporting decision making for clinicians, biases in these models can cause great harm, including exacerbating existing health disparities or introducing new ones. Completion of substance use disorder (SUD) treatment is a significant predictor of future outcomes for patients. The ability to predict beforehand which patients are at higher risk of not completing treatment would offer clinicians an opportunity to intervene early in the process and potentially result in better outcomes. The objective of this study was to investigate biases in a model for SUD treatment completion with respect to the sensitive attributes of race and sex, and then enhance model fairness using data pre-processing techniques, specifically resampling. Models trained on the data before resampling exhibited significant racial bias and moderate sex bias. Sequential and simultaneous undersampling approaches effectively improved model fairness without compromising performance as measured by AUROC and sensitivity, and are thus appropriate bias mitigation techniques for this task. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Decision making

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The Factors Associated Inadequacy Retirement Fund Among Employee Provident Fund (EPF) Members 5

The Factors Associated Inadequacy Retirement Fund Among Empl...

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5th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Data Sciences, AiDAS 2024

作者： Zainudin, Rabiatul Adawiyah Izwan, Nur Aina Izureen Mohd Amir Samian, Muhammad Hilmi Ariffin, Anas Fathul Shamsuddin, Siti Nurasyikin Juanis, Diana Juniza College of Computing Informatics and Mathematics Universiti Teknologi Mara N.Sembilan Branch Seremban Campus Negeri Sembilan Malaysia College of Computing Informatics and Mathematics Universiti Teknologi Mara Perlis Branch Arau Campus Perlis Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331528553

This study discusses Malaysia's economic challenges, focusing on disparities in the cost of living, bankruptcy rates, and issues related to an aging population and retirement savings. It highlights the unequal growth of urbanization leading to disparities in living costs, with rising expenses impacting household well-being. Moreover, 56% of Employee Provident Fund (EPF) contributors aged 54 have less than RM50,000 in their savings. Logistic regression is used in this study to determine factors that significantly affect inadequate savings among EPF members who are 55 years old and above. The secondary data was obtained from EPF Headquarters with a total of 1111 observations. The study found that wages and gender have significantly affected inadequate savings. However, the occupational sector does not significantly affect inadequate savings due to its p-value > 0.05. In conclusion, this study aimed to raise awareness about factors leading to inadequate retirement funds, urging both younger and older individuals to plan their savings before turning 40 and recognizing the importance of addressing this issue for society's future. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Logistic regression

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Creating fiber-embedded photonic circuitry by liquid-phase structuring of multi-material cores 16

Creating fiber-embedded photonic circuitry by liquid-phase s...

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Advanced Fabrication Technologies for Micro/Nano Optics and Photonics XVI 2023

作者： de Lima, Camila Faccini Leffel, Troy Zheng, Mengxin Coulter, Jeffery Gumennik, Alexander Luddy School of Informatics Computing and Engineering Indiana University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510659711

Multi-material fibers are a promising platform for integrating nanoscale structures into macroscale photonic systems due to their unique aspect ratio: fiber cores can be kilometers long and sub-micrometric in their cross-section simultaneously. We are introducing Very Large-Scale Integration for Fibers (or, in short, VLSI-Fi) – manufacturing of integrated photonic circuits in a fiber analogous to VLSI from the microelectronics realm. VLSI-Fi starts with a thermal draw of the 3D printed preform, defining the cross-sectional geometry of the fiber, followed by the axial patterning of the fiber cores into arrays of integrated devices using a material-selective spatially coherent capillary breakup1,2. Additional control over the photonic and electronic properties of devices is accomplished through segregation-driven control of doping. The result is a fiber-embedded integrated photonic circuit with user-defined 3D architecture providing the desired functionality. We argue that the capillary breakup of a viscous thread, nonlinear and often chaotic, becomes predictable if the axial symmetry of the thread viscosity is broken. We found that the capillary breakup of semiconducting fiber cores initiated by feeding the fiber through a spot-like liquefaction zone results in deterministic photonic and optoelectronic structures, such as gratings and spherical resonators. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate a selective breakup of a silicon core in fiber with one silicon and one vanadium core into an array of spherical silicon resonators, with a vanadium electrode flanking those resonators for electrical tuning of their resonant frequencies. Such cascaded resonators are a nontrivial example of photonic circuitry implemented in fiber using a non-CMOS approach. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Fibers

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On Detecting GPS Spoofing Attack in Flying Ad-hoc Networks: A Comparative Study

On Detecting GPS Spoofing Attack in Flying Ad-hoc Networks: ...

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2023 Advances in Science and Engineering Technology International Conferences, ASET 2023

作者： Mukkath, Hena Altaweel, Ala Kamel, Ibrahim Al Aghbari, Zaher College of Computing and Informatics University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9781665454742

Flying Ad-hoc Network (FANET) refers to a group of Unmanned Ariel Vehicles (UAVs) connected in an Ad-hoc manner to accomplish common missions. FANETs cannot employ algorithms requiring complex computations and storage due to the limited computational power, smaller memory size, and shorter battery life of the UAVs. As the UAVs in FANETs rely on Global Positioning Systems (GPS) for their operation, they are targeted by various cyber-attacks. The civilian GPS signals are not encrypted;hence, they can be easily spoofed by malicious attackers. The UAVs may deviate from their path to the attacker's intended destination by counterfeit GPS signals. The result of such attacks can be drastic;leading the UAVs to collide or hijack. Detection and mitigation of GPS Spoofing attacks in FANETs are challenging due to the unique features of the UAVs like high-mobility, topology variations, and resource constraints. To address the aforementioned research challenges, this paper discusses various detection mechanisms for GPS Spoofing attacks in the UAV environment and provides a comparative analysis among them. The comparative analysis focuses on how these challenges have been addressed in the existing literature. The results of this study indicate that the research works on addressing GPS Spoofing attacks in FANETs are still immature and require more future research efforts. Most of the previous research works have not considered the unique characteristics of FANETs and the used performance evaluation methods and metrics do not reflect the real-world scenarios of FANETs. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Global positioning system

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A Log Aggregation Design Criteria for Robust SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) in Enhancing Threat Detection 8

A Log Aggregation Design Criteria for Robust SIEM (Security ...

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8th IEEE International Conference on Recent Advances and Innovations in Engineering, ICRAIE 2023

作者： Hata, Mohsen Bin Mohamad Darus, Mohamad Yusof Bin Shafiee, Muhammad Zul Akmal Bin Petrus, Elvisianah Jamian, Yasmin Athira Universiti Teknologi MARA College of Computing Informatics and Mathematics Selangor Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350315516

Security Operations Centers (SOCs) play a vital role in protecting organizations from cyber threats. Supported by skilled Security Analysts, they are the first line of defense, monitoring and responding to incidents. The Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) system is a critical tool for managing log data efficiently. This research focuses on optimizing log data aggregation within a SOC's SIEM framework. By exploring various log aggregation techniques, we aim to enhance the performance of data collectors, leading to quicker response times and improved security. This research contributes to a more robust defense against the ever-changing landscape of cyber threats. It empowers organizations to face evolving challenges with confidence and resilience. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Information management

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From Thoughts to Interaction: Designing Controls for Video Playback Gestures with Embodied Schemata

From Thoughts to Interaction: Designing Controls for Video P...

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Extended Abstracts of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in computing Systems, CHI EA 2023

作者： Friedman, Adina Cafaro, Francesco Luddy School of Informatics Computing and Engineering Iupui IndianapolisIN United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450394222

Interactive public displays are now pervasive;however, designing gestures to interact with them is still a challenge for embodied interaction. We introduce a methodology, based on Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) and Elicitation Studies, that can inform the work of interaction designers when they craft gestures that "make sense"to their users. Our approach is structured in three phases: elicitation, analysis, and design. Through the use case of an interactive video player, we describe how we collected data from participants in an elicitation study, how we extracted the embodied schemata that users associated with each video function, and how an interaction designer can use those schemata to design multiple gestures. We then present the results of a survey that show that the gestures generated with embodied schemata made more sense to people than those crafted without using embodied schemata. © 2023 Owner/Author.

关键词： User interfaces

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Cybersecurity Practices of Rural Underserved Communities in Africa: A Case Study from Northern Namibia 6

Cybersecurity Practices of Rural Underserved Communities in ...

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6th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, computing and Data Communication Systems, icABCD 2023

作者： Nhinda, Gabriel Tuhafeni Shava, Fungai Bhunu Namibia University of Science and Technology Faculty of Computing and Informatics Windhoek Namibia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350314809

Globally, Information Communication Technology (ICT) device usage has seen a steep rise over the last few years. This also holds in developing countries, which have embarked on connecting the unconnected or previously disadvantaged parts of their populations. This connectivity enables people to interact with cyberspace, which brings opportunities and challenges. Opportunities such as the ability to conduct business online, attend online education, and perform online banking activities. Challenges experienced are the cost of Internet access and more worrying cyber-risks and potential for exploitation. There remain pockets of communities that experience sporadic connectivity to cyberspace, these communities tend to be more susceptible to cyber-attacks due to issues of lack/limited awareness of cyber secure practices, an existent culture that might be exploited by cybercriminals, and overall, a lackluster approach to their cyber-hygiene. We present a qualitative study conducted in rural Northern Namibia. Our findings indicate that both secure and insecure cybersecurity practices exist. However, through the Ubuntu and Uushiindaism Afrocentric lenses, practices such as sharing mobile devices without passwords among the community mirror community unity. Practices such as this in mainstream research can be considered insecure. We also propose interrogating 'common' secure cybersecurity practices in their universality of applicability. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Cybersecurity

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Privacy-Aware Federated Learning Framework for IoT Security Using Chameleon Swarm Optimization and Self-Attentive Variational Autoencoder

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第4期143卷 849-873页

作者： Saad Alahmari Abdulwhab Alkharashi Department of Computer Science Applied CollegeNorthern Border UniversityArar91431Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computing and InformaticsSaudi Electronic UniversityRiyadh11673Saudi Arabia

The Internet of Things(IoT)is emerging as an innovative phenomenon concerned with the development of numerous vital *** the development of IoT devices,huge amounts of information,including users’private data,are *** systems face major security and data privacy challenges owing to their integral features such as scalability,resource constraints,and *** challenges are intensified by the fact that IoT technology frequently gathers and conveys complex data,creating an attractive opportunity for *** address these challenges,artificial intelligence(AI)techniques,such as machine learning(ML)and deep learning(DL),are utilized to build an intrusion detection system(IDS)that helps to secure IoT *** learning(FL)is a decentralized technique that can help to improve information privacy and performance by training the IDS on discrete linked *** delivers an effectual tool to defend user confidentiality,mainly in the field of IoT,where IoT devices often obtain privacy-sensitive personal *** study develops a Privacy-Enhanced Federated Learning for Intrusion Detection using the Chameleon Swarm Algorithm and Artificial Intelligence(PEFLID-CSAAI)*** main aim of the PEFLID-CSAAI method is to recognize the existence of attack behavior in IoT ***,the PEFLIDCSAAI technique involves data preprocessing using Z-score normalization to transformthe input data into a beneficial ***,the PEFLID-CSAAI method uses the Osprey Optimization Algorithm(OOA)for the feature selection(FS)*** the classification of intrusion detection attacks,the Self-Attentive Variational Autoencoder(SA-VAE)technique can be ***,the Chameleon Swarm Algorithm(CSA)is applied for the hyperparameter finetuning process that is involved in the SA-VAE model.A wide range of experiments were conducted to validate the execution of the PEFLID-CSAAI *** simulated outcomes demonstrated that the PEFLID-CSAAI

关键词： Federated learning internet of things artificial intelligence chameleon swarm algorithm intrusion detection system healthcare IoT devices

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A View into the Future of Academic Publishing 46

A View into the Future of Academic Publishing

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46th ICT and Electronics Convention, MIPRO 2023

作者： Sojat, Zorislav Skala, Karolj Ruder Bošković Institute Centre for Informatics and Computing Zagreb Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9789532331042

The exponential growth of academic knowledge production in present times, compared to historical evolution, has led to the Open Access movement as a means of sharing knowledge with the community. However, this development also gave rise to unexpected predatory behaviour on the side of many publishers, turning the publishing system upside-down. The present-day challenges faced by academic publishing call for modern information science-based technologies such as Distributed Ledger and Distributed Database, as well as Virtual Money, to democratise the process. This article proposes the DAP initiative and project, which aims to provide a free, democratic, and trustworthy open access publishing platform with Virtual Money, the DAP Ergions, for recompensation of work, and recognition and ranking of high-quality work and all DAP users. The DAP internal economy and the spread towards external economy using the Ergions provides a generic opportunity to all academicians, citizen scientists, and the global population to be involved in the progress of gathering new human knowledge. This initiative is critical in our times, given the significant lowering of trustworthiness of published work due to predatory publishing practices and the complete lack of transparency in the review and work ranking process. Besides, the democratisation of academic publishing will ensure that retired academicians, citizen scientists, and the global population can contribute their intellectual potential in solving the huge social and ecological problems caused by human behaviour and activities. © 2023 MIPRO Croatian Society.

关键词： Distributed ledger

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Ultrafast Online Clutter Filtering for Ultrasound Microvascular Imaging

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IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 2025年第6期44卷 2477-2491页

作者： Chen, Yinran Fang, Baohui Li, Huaying Huang, Lijie Luo, Jianwen Xiamen University Fujian Key Laboratory of Sensing and Computing for Smart City School of Informatics Xiamen361005 China Tsinghua University School of Biomedical Engineering Beijing100084 China

Spatiotemporal clutter filtering via robust principal component analysis (rPCA) has been widely used in ultrasound microvascular imaging. However, the performance of the rPCA clutter filtering highly relies on low-rank modeling for tissue signals and sparse modeling for blood flow signals. Moreover, current rPCA clutter filters are typically based on static processing and have to access a batch of beamformed frames for optimization. This prevents these filters from ultrafast realization. This paper adopts the iteratively reweighted least squares (IRLS) rPCA framework to model tissue and blood flow signals for improved clutter filtering. More importantly, the static IRLS-rPCA filter is upgraded to a spatiotemporal-constrained online method to instantaneously extract blood flow signals from the ongoing beamformed frame. Simulations and in-vivo experiments on a contrast-enhanced rat kidney and a contrast-free human liver demonstrated that the IRLS-rPCA clutter filter achieves higher sensitivity, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than other rPCA methods. Particularly, the static IRLS-rPCA clutter filter obtains more than 2 dB improvements in CNR over the compared methods in the human liver dataset. The proposed online clutter filter achieves comparable image quality to the static version and processing time of 0.028 ± 0.004 seconds per frame. The corresponding acceleration factor of the online clutter filter over all the tested methods is more than 20. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Radar clutter

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