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International Seminar on Research of information Technology and Intelligent Systems (ISRITI)

作者： Jia Hao Loo Veronica Lestari Jauw Chin Seong Lim Khairul-Rijal Sarmin Nunung Nurul Qomariyah Ahmad Nurul Fajar Department of Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing Engineering University of Nottingham Malaysia Malaysia Continental Tyre Technology Centre Malaysia Petaling Jaya Malaysia Computer Science Department School of Computing and Creative Arts Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Information System Management Department BINUS Graduate Program-Master Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9798331519643

ISBN: (纸本)9798331519650

This study aims to develop a system for extracting crucial information from tire sidewalls using Optical Character Recognition (OCR). Initially, images of tire were captured manually by smartphone cameras, including Redmi 9T, iPhone 11, and Galaxy S23 Ultra. The captured images are then transferred to a computer for storage. Subsequently, these images were cropped according to the boundaries identified by Hough Circle Transform (HCT). The cropped images were then further pre-processed. During the pre-processing phase, geometrical transformation and image sharpening techniques are applied to enhance the clarity and readability of the text images. The text is then extracted using Google Vision, with the extracted text categorized by size, DOT, brand and pattern. The results indicated that the effectiveness of image pre-processing was constrained by the accuracy of circle detection, which reached a maximum rate of 87.1%. This causes parts of the text to be cut out inaccurately, leading to a suboptimal extraction accuracy of 55.65%. It is also observed that the Redmi 9T camera produced inconsistent results compared to other devices. Specifically, the iPhone 11 and Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra demonstrated superior extraction accuracies of 69.71% and 66.37%, respectively, whereas the Redmi 9T achieved a lower extraction accuracy of 37.76%.

关键词： Accuracy Optical character recognition Text categorization Lighting Transforms US Department of Transportation Cameras Tires Internet Data mining

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Predicting Abundance of Fish Species Populations in Manila Bay, Philippines Based on Ensemble Learning Approach

Predicting Abundance of Fish Species Populations in Manila B...

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International Joint Conference on Computer science and Software Engineering (JCSSE)

作者： Sherrlyn M. Rasdas Arnel C. Fajardo Jomel S. Limbago Graduate Program Technological Institute of the Philippines Manila Philippines College of Computing Science Information and Communication Technology -CCSICT Isabela State University-Cauayan Philippines Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Department (FASD) Cavite State University Naic Cavite Philippines

Manila Bay is a significant contributor to the Philippines' fish production, but its resources have been depleted due to overfishing, pollution, and damage, leading to a decline in fish catch and a shift towards less valuable species. Conventional approaches to fisheries stock assessment impose constraints on our comprehension of fish population dynamics. These limitations can be overcome through the utilization of machine learning techniques, which enable the forecasting and modeling of fisheries populations with improved accuracy and understanding. In this study, the commercial fisheries populations data collected from 2018 to 2021 in Manila Bay were used to predict the abundance of species fisheries production data using the K-NN - MLP - Logistic Regression (KNMLPR) model based on the majority voting ensemble approach. Analysis revealed that it is possible to combine the strengths of multiple models and improve overall predictive performance. The results also suggest that the k-nearest neighbors and logistic regression models have the best performance in predicting fish species population dynamics, while the neural network model shows slightly lower accuracy. This study provides valuable insights for fishery management and policymaking to support sustainable fishing practices in the region. Further research could focus on exploring additional machine learning algorithms and incorporating environmental factors to improve the prediction accuracy of the model.

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CapST: An Enhanced and Lightweight Method for Deepfake Video Classification

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ahmad, Wasim Peng, Yan-Tsung Chang, Yuan-Hao Ganfure, Gaddisa Olani Khan, Sarwar Shahzad, Sahibzada Adil Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Department of Computer Science National Chengchi University Taipei116 Taiwan Social Networks Human-Centered Computing Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Dire Dawa University Ethiopia Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan

The proliferation of deepfake videos, synthetic media produced through advanced Artificial Intelligence techniques, has raised significant concerns across various sectors, encompassing realms such as politics, entertainment, and security. In response, this research introduces an innovative and streamlined model designed to classify deepfake videos generated by five distinct encoders adeptly. Our approach not only achieves state-of-the-art performance but also optimizes computational resources. At its core, our solution employs part of a VGG19_bn as a backbone to efficiently extract features, a strategy proven effective in image-related tasks. We integrate a Capsule Network coupled with a Spatial-Temporal attention mechanism to bolster the model’s classification capabilities while conserving resources. This combination captures intricate hierarchies among features, facilitating robust identification of deepfake attributes. Delving into the intricacies of our innovation, we introduce an existing video-level fusion technique that artfully capitalizes on temporal attention mechanisms. This mechanism serves to handle concatenated feature vectors, capitalizing on the intrinsic temporal dependencies embedded within deepfake videos. By aggregating insights across frames, our model gains a holistic comprehension of video content, resulting in more precise predictions. Experimental results on an extensive benchmark dataset of deepfake videos (DFDM) showcase the efficacy of our proposed method. Notably, our approach achieves up to a 4% improvement in accurately categorizing deepfake videos compared to baseline models, all while demanding fewer computational resources. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Routing algorithms

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Towards Adversarial Robustness for Multi-Mode Data through Metric Learning

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Sensors 2023年第13期23卷 6173-6173页

作者： Khan, Sarwar Chen, Jun-Cheng Liao, Wen-Hung Chen, Chu-Song Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Social Networks Human-Centered Computing Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Department of Computer Science National Chengchi University Taipei11605 Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei106319 Taiwan

Adversarial attacks have become one of the most serious security issues in widely used deep neural networks. Even though real-world datasets usually have large intra-variations or multiple modes, most adversarial defense methods, such as adversarial training, which is currently one of the most effective defense methods, mainly focus on the single-mode setting and thus fail to capture the full data representation to defend against adversarial attacks. To confront this challenge, we propose a novel multi-prototype metric learning regularization for adversarial training which can effectively enhance the defense capability of adversarial training by preventing the latent representation of the adversarial example changing a lot from its clean one. With extensive experiments on CIFAR10, CIFAR100, MNIST, and Tiny ImageNet, the evaluation results show the proposed method improves the performance of different state-of-the-art adversarial training methods without additional computational cost. Furthermore, besides Tiny ImageNet, in the multi-prototype CIFAR10 and CIFAR100 where we reorganize the whole datasets of CIFAR10 and CIFAR100 into two and ten classes, respectively, the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art approach by 2.22% and 1.65%, respectively. Furthermore, the proposed multi-prototype method also outperforms its single-prototype version and other commonly used deep metric learning approaches as regularization for adversarial training and thus further demonstrates its effectiveness. © 2023 by the authors.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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NFT-Based Blockchain-Oriented Security Framework for Metaverse Applications

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Manzoor, Khadija Noor, Umara Rashid, Zahid Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information Technology International Islamic University Islamabad Pakistan Technology Management Economics and Policy Program College of Engineering Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-Ro Gwanak-Gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

The Metaverse is rapidly evolving, bringing us closer to its imminent reality. However, the widespread adoption of this new automated technology poses significant research challenges in terms of authenticity, integrity, interoperability, and efficiency. These challenges originate from the core technologies underlying the Metaverse and are exacerbated by its complex nature. As a solution to these challenges, this paper presents a novel framework based on Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs). The framework employs the Proof-of-Stake consensus algorithm, a blockchain-based technology, for data transaction, validation, and resource management. PoS efficiently consume energy and provide a streamlined validation approach instead of resource-intensive mining. This ability makes PoS an ideal candidate for Metaverse applications. By combining NFTs for user authentication and PoS for data integrity, enhanced transaction throughput, and improved scalability, the proposed blockchain mechanism demonstrates noteworthy advantages. Through security analysis, experimental and simulation results, it is established that the NFT-based approach coupled with the PoS algorithm is secure and efficient for Metaverse applications. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Blockchain

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Towards Safe AI Clinicians: A Comprehensive Study on Large Language Model Jailbreaking in Healthcare

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Hang Lou, Qian Wang, Yanshan Intelligent Systems Program School of Computing and Information University of Pittsburgh PA United States Department of Computer Science University of Central Florida OrlandoFL United States Department of Health Information Management University of Pittsburgh PA United States Department of Biomedical Informatics University of Pittsburgh PA United States Clinical and Translational Science Institute University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA United States University of Pittsburgh Medical Center PittsburghPA United States

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly utilized in healthcare applications. However, their deployment in clinical practice raises significant safety concerns, including the potential spread of harmful information. This study systematically assesses the vulnerabilities of seven LLMs to three advanced black-box jailbreaking techniques within medical contexts. To quantify the effectiveness of these techniques, we propose an automated and domain-adapted agentic evaluation pipeline. Experiment results indicate that leading commercial and open-source LLMs are highly vulnerable to medical jailbreaking attacks. To bolster model safety and reliability, we further investigate the effectiveness of Continual Fine-Tuning (CFT) in defending against medical adversarial attacks. Our findings underscore the necessity for evolving attack methods evaluation, domain-specific safety alignment, and LLM safety-utility balancing. This research offers actionable insights for advancing the safety and reliability of AI clinicians, contributing to ethical and effective AI deployment in healthcare. © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Patient treatment

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Confronting the Challenges of Computational and Social Perspectives of the Data Continuum

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Data and information Management 2020年第2期4卷 119-126页

作者： Murillo, Angela P. Curty, Renata G. Jeng, Wei He, Daqing School of Informatics and Computing Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis IndianapolisIN United States Data Curation Program — UCSB Library University of California Santa Barbara United States Department of Library and Information Science National Taiwan University Taipei China School of Computing and Information University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA United States

As the availability of data is increasing everyday, the need to reflect on how to make these data meaningful and impactful becomes vital. Current data paradigms have provided data life cycles that often focus on data acumen and data stewardship approaches. In an effort to examine the convergence, tensions, and harmonies of these two approaches, a group of researchers participated in an interactive panel session at the Association of information science and Technology Annual meeting in 2019. The panel presenters described their various research activities in which they confront the challenges of the computational and social perspectives of the data continuum. This paper provides a summary of this interactive panel. © 2020 Angela P. Murillo et al., published by Sciendo

关键词： Life cycle

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AVTENet: Audio-Visual Transformer-based Ensemble Network Exploiting Multiple Experts for Video Deepfake Detection

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Hashmi, Ammarah Shahzad, Sahibzada Adil Lin, Chia-Wen Tsao, Yu Wang, Hsin-Min The Social Networks and Human-Centered Computing Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan The Institute of Information Systems and Applications National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan The Department of Computer Science National Chengchi University Taipei11605 Taiwan The Department of Electrical Engineering The Institute of Communications Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan The Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan The Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan

Forged content shared widely on social media platforms is a major social problem that requires increased regulation and poses new challenges to the research community. The recent proliferation of hyper-realistic deepfake videos has drawn attention to the threat of audio and visual forgeries. Most previous work on detecting AI-generated fake videos only utilizes visual modality or audio modality. While there are some methods in the literature that exploit audio and visual modalities to detect forged videos, they have not been comprehensively evaluated on multi-modal datasets of deepfake videos involving acoustic and visual manipulations. Moreover, these existing methods are mostly based on CNN and suffer from low detection accuracy. Inspired by the recent success of Transformer in various fields, to address the challenges posed by deepfake technology, in this paper, we propose an Audio-Visual Transformer-based Ensemble Network (AVTENet) framework that considers both acoustic manipulation and visual manipulation to achieve effective video forgery detection. Specifically, the proposed model integrates several purely transformer-based variants that capture video, audio, and audio-visual salient cues to reach a consensus in prediction. For evaluation, we use the recently released benchmark multi-modal audio-video FakeAVCeleb dataset. For a detailed analysis, we evaluate AVTENet, its variants, and several existing methods on multiple test sets of the FakeAVCeleb dataset. Experimental results show that our best model outperforms all existing methods and achieves state-of-the-art performance on Testset-I and Testset-II of the FakeAVCeleb dataset. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Statistical tests

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Fusion of Mixture of Experts and Generative Artificial Intelligence in Mobile Edge Metaverse

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Liu, Guangyuan Du, Hongyang Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui Jamalipour, Abbas Mao, Shiwen Kim, Dong In The College of Computing and Data Science The Energy Research Institute @ NTU Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University Singapore The College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China The Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auburn University Auburn United States The School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Sydney Australia The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Korea Republic of

In the digital transformation era, Metaverse offers a fusion of virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and web technologies to create immersive digital experiences. However, the evolution of the Metaverse is slowed down by the challenges of content creation, scalability, and dynamic user interaction. Our study investigates an integration of Mixture of Experts (MoE) models with Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) for mobile edge computing to revolutionize content creation and interaction in the Metaverse. Specifically, we harness an MoE model's ability to efficiently manage complex data and complex tasks by dynamically selecting the most relevant experts running various sub-models to enhance the capabilities of GAI. We then present a novel framework that improves video content generation quality and consistency, and demonstrate its application through case studies. Our findings underscore the efficacy of MoE and GAI integration to redefine virtual experiences by offering a scalable, efficient pathway to harvest the Metaverse's full potential. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Augmented reality

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Double-SP Method to Enhance Privacy and Security of Smart City Applications

Double-SP Method to Enhance Privacy and Security of Smart Ci...

引用

International Conference on computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom)

作者： Nour Mahmoud Bahbouh Abdulelah Alhussain Hassan Hakami Yaser Mohammed Aljohani Adnan Ahmed Abi Sen Ahmad Alkhodre Aeshah Alsughayyir Department of Information and Communication Sciences Granada University Granada Spain Saudi Electronic University Al-Madinah Saudi Arabia YasRef Program Yanbu Saudi Arabia Computing and Information Technology Islamic University Al-Madinah Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computer and Information Systems Islamic University Al-Madinah Saudi Arabia College of Computer Science and Engineering Taibah University Al-Madinah Saudi Arabia

Smart cities promise a lot of well-being to their users in all areas of life through millions of applications and services. Smart services rely heavily on collecting data and the preferences of users. But on the dark side, the users' information is posed to threat and penetration during transmission or stored far in the clouds. Depending on encryption only is not sufficient if the attacker has strong resources or if the attacker is the service provider (SP) itself. In addition, changing data before sending is not a practical solution in many systems because of the adverse impact on the quality of a main service. This research presented a new idea to address the issue of protection. The proposed method enhanced the privacy and security of users' data without affecting the accuracy of service. The core of the suggested solution relies on a knowledge base of services that are managed by experts. Also, the solution depends on fog nodes to measure the level of security and privacy of users' queries without delay. Moreover, the fog nodes manage contact with SPs. Finally, the proposed method divided the SP into two, one for user queries and the other for user data. The simulation and analytical discussion on a practical case in smart cities demonstrated the superiority of the proposed approach over previous methods in the level of protection by maintaining the quality of services, and the resistance to attacks.

关键词： Resistance Privacy Data privacy Machine learning algorithms Smart cities Knowledge based systems Quality of service

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