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An EFSM-Based Test Data Generation Approach in Model-Based Testing

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 4337-4354页

作者： Muhammad Luqman Mohd-Shafie Wan Mohd Nasir Wan Kadir Muhammad Khatibsyarbini Mohd Adham Isa Israr Ghani Husni Ruslai Department of Software Engineering School of ComputingFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310Johor BahruJohorMalaysia GATES IT Solution Sdn Bhd WISMA GATESJalan Perdana 4Taman Sri Pulai Perdana 281300SkudaiJohorMalaysia

Testing is an integral part of software *** fastpaced system developments have rendered traditional testing techniques ***,automated testing techniques are needed to adapt to such system developments ***-based testing(MBT)is a technique that uses system models to generate and execute test cases *** was identified that the test data generation(TDG)in many existing model-based test case generation(MB-TCG)approaches were still *** automatic and effective TDG can further reduce testing cost while detecting more *** study proposes an automated TDG approach in MB-TCG using the extended finite state machine model(EFSM).The proposed approach integrates MBT with combinatorial *** information available in an EFSM model and the boundary value analysis strategy are used to automate the domain input classifications which were done manually by the existing *** results showed that the proposed approach was able to detect 6.62 percent more faults than the conventionalMB-TCG but at the same time generated 43 more *** proposed approach effectively detects faults,but a further treatment to the generated tests such as test case prioritization should be done to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of testing.

关键词： Model-based testing test case generation test data generation combinatorial testing extended finite state machine

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Interactive Web API Recommendation for Mashup Development based on Light Neural Graph Collaborative Filtering 26

Interactive Web API Recommendation for Mashup Development ba...

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26th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design, CSCWD 2023

作者： Xiang, Jiayan Chen, Wanjun Wang, Yang Liang, Bowen Liu, Zihao Kang, Guosheng Hunan University of Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Xiangtan China Hnust Hunan Provincial Key Lab. for Services Computing and Novel Software Technology Xiangtan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350331684

With the development of Mashup technique, the number of Web APIs released on the Web continues to grow year by year. However, it is a challenging issue to find and select the desirable Web APIs among the large amount of Web APIs. Consequently, interactive Web API recommendation is used to alleviate the difficulty of service selection, when users or developers try to invoke Web APIs for solving their business requirements or software development requirements. Currently, there are several collaborative filtering based approaches proposed for Web API recommendation, while their recommendation performance is limited on both optimality and scalability. This paper proposes a light neural graph collaborative filtering based Web API recommendation approach, named LNGCF. Specifically, LNGCF learns user and item embeddings by linearly propagating them on the user-item interaction graph, and uses the weighted summation of the embeddings learned at all layers as the final embedding. Such simple, linear, and neat model is much easier to implement and train. A set of experiments are conducted on a real-world dataset. Experimental results demonstrate the substantial improvements on both optimality and scalability over the baselines. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Collaborative filtering

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Blockchain Development in Colab: An Ethereum-Based Bicycle Registry System

Blockchain Development in Colab: An Ethereum-Based Bicycle R...

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IEEE Annual computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC)

作者： William Downing Dalton Harvey Dennis Wagura Yong Shi College of Computing and Software Engineering Kennesaw State University Marietta USA

Blockchain is a technology that has taken the business world by storm. The worldwide spending on blockchain solutions is expected to grow from 1.5 billion in 2018 to an estimated 15.9 billion by 2023. According to a recent study by LinkedIn, it is found that Blockchain tops the list of most in-demand hard skills for 2020. Colaboratory, or “Colab” for short, is a product from Google Research, that allows anybody to write and execute arbitrary python code through the browser. This paper will begin with the concept and discussion of Blockchain and Colab followed by developing an Ethereum-based project that creates smart contracts within Colab for bicycle registry that will communicate with a Database system.

关键词： Storms Social networking (online) Conferences Smart contracts Public key Bicycles Hardware

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Reinforcement Learning-based Contention Window Adjustment for Wireless Body Area Networks 4

Reinforcement Learning-based Contention Window Adjustment fo...

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4th International Conference on Big Data Analytics and Practices, IBDAP 2023

作者： Kwon, Jung-Hyok Kim, Dongwan Kim, Eui-Jik Hallym University Smart Computing Laboratory Chuncheon Korea Republic of Dong-A University Department of Electronic Engineering Busan Korea Republic of Hallym University Division of Software Chuncheon Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798350300192

This paper presents a reinforcement learning-based contention window adjustment for wireless body area networks (WBANs), abbreviated RL-CWA. The RL-CWA uses Q-learning to adaptively adjust the contention window according to the acknowledgment reception, thereby reducing the number of collisions. In addition, RL-CWA maintains multiple Q-tables to take into account minimum and maximum contention windows that vary depending on the user priority (UP) of the traffic. To verify the superiority of RL-CWA, an experimental simulation was conducted. The results showed that the RL-CWA obtains better performance than the existing IEEE 802.15.6 MAC. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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SMART Garbage Bin Kit: Expandable and Intelligent Waste Management System using Deep Learning and IoT for Modern Organizations 21

SMART Garbage Bin Kit: Expandable and Intelligent Waste Mana...

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21st International Conference on Advances in ICT for Emerging Regions, ICter 2021

作者： Hewagamage, Pasindu Mihiranga, Amith Perera, Dananjaya Fernando, Rahul Thilakarathna, Thusithanjana Kasthurirathna, Dharshana Faculty of Computing Department of Software Engineering Malabe Sri Lanka

ISBN: (纸本)9781665466837

According to published statistics, Sri Lanka produces garbage around 7000MT per day, and every organization directly contributes this national amount depending on the waste management practices. 'Waste contamination' is a critical issue that affects waste management, and it should be addressed during the garbage collection process. This has led to environmental hazards resulting in health and other social issues. Hence, it is a responsibility of an organization to separate the garbage during the collection process using a suitable technique. In this paper, we are proposing a smart garbage bin kit that automates the separation of garbage collection, which minimizes human error using AI-based technologies. IoT-based devices connected to a smart garbage bin kit guide the user to the correct bin. At the same time, our proposed system can be easily expanded for new special waste categories as well. The other important issue of the current garbage management is improper time management of the garbage removal process in organizations. This happens due to the lack of real-time data on waste bins, and collection is based on the fixed time interval irrespective of the status and location of garbage bins. In the proposed system of SMART Garbage Bin Kit, the group of all interconnected garbage bins is monitored in real-time to identify the optimum collection path considering the location and the status of garbage bins using an optimized algorithm. Hence, the study presented in this paper integrates several intelligent approaches together with IoT based network to build a cutting-edge device, declared as SMART Garbage Bin kit. The prototype system has been built as a part of the research study to demonstrate its feasibility and sustainability. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Edge computing

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software Security Measurements: A Survey

Software Security Measurements: A Survey

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2022 International Conference on Intelligent Technology, System and Service for Internet of Everything, ITSS-IoE 2022

作者： Almogahed, Abdullah Omar, Mazni Zakaria, Nur Haryani Alawadhi, Abdulwadood Taiz University Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology Department of Software Engineering Taiz Yemen Universiti Utara Malaysia School of Computing Sintok06010 Malaysia University of Science and Technology Faculty of Engineering and Computing Department of Computers and Information Technology Yemen

ISBN: (数字)9781665459983

ISBN: (纸本)9781665459983

Security metrics for software products give a quantifiable assessment of a software system's trustworthiness. Metrics can also help detect vulnerabilities in systems, prioritize corrective actions, and raise the level of information security within the business. There is a lack of studies that identify measurements, metrics, and internal design properties used to assess software security. Therefore, this paper aims to survey security measurements used to assess and predict security vulnerabilities. We identified the internal design properties that were used to measure software security based on the internal structure of the software. We also identified the security metrics used in the studies we examined. We discussed how software refactoring had been used to improve software security. We observed that a software system with low coupling, low complexity, and high cohesion is more secure and vice versa. Current research directions have been identified and discussed. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Network security

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Interactive Programming Tutorials in Automated Programming Assessment System Edgar

Interactive Programming Tutorials in Automated Programming A...

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Proceedings of the International Convention MIPRO

作者： I. Mekterović Lj. Brkić M. Fertalj M. Fabijanić Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia Algebra University College/Software Engineering Zagreb Croatia

ISBN: (数字)9798350382501

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382518

Automated programming assessment tools are software systems widely used in education to assess programming code without manual intervention. Beyond exam scenarios, these tools are increasingly applied in e-learning contexts. In this realm, interactive programming tutorials have gained prominence for their effectiveness in teaching programming concepts. These tutorials blend theoretical knowledge with hands-on exercises, providing real-time feedback on code errors to facilitate prompt identification and correction by learners. The interactive nature engages learners actively, enhancing their understanding, and adaptability accommodates individualized progress. The accessibility and scalability of interactive programming tutorials suit learners of diverse skill levels. Integrated with automated assessment systems, interactive tutorials not only provide a dynamic and personalized learning experience but also alleviate the burden on instructors by enabling interactive content creation and offering valuable learning analytics. This paper introduces an evolution of the Edgar system, now equipped with an integrated interactive tutorial module. This module can evaluate embedded questions and code playgrounds in various programming languages, including SQL, Java, C, Python, etc., as well as multiple-choice questions. The integration represents a practical shift in programming education, offering learners a versatile and personalized approach to acquiring essential skills.

关键词： Java Codes Scalability Education Tutorials Manuals software systems

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Cyber Security in Blockchain

Cyber Security in Blockchain

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IEEE Conference on Dependable and Secure computing

作者： Eric Cooper Eric Weese Alex Fortson Dan Lo Yong Shi College of Computing and Software Engineering Kennesaw State University Marietta USA

Blockchain is a growing technology that utilizes a decentralized public record of transactions. It is not only used for cryptocurrency, but also IoT, financial systems, healthcare, supply chain, etc. Although blockchain is quite robust, it is not invulnerable. This project will explain and demonstrate several weaknesses of blockchain and how to prevent them. We will demonstrate the following attacks and how to prevent them using Solidity: Transaction Order Dependence, Denial of Service, Replay Attack, Writing of Arbitrary Storage Address Attack, Weak Randomness, and Honeypot *** Concepts:Security and Privacy $\to$ software and Application Security $\to$ software Security engineering

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A Code Search Method Incorporating Code Annotations 19th

A Code Search Method Incorporating Code Annotations

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19th EAI International Conference on Collaborative computing: Networking, Applications and Worksharing, CollaborateCom 2023

作者： Li, Qi Liu, Jianxun Zhang, Xiangping School of Computer Science and Engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology Hunan Xiangtan411201 China Hunan Key Lab for Services Computing and Novel Software Technology Hunan University of Science and Technology Hunan Xiangtan411201 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031545207

Code search is a technique for users to retrieve code snippets from the Code base using natural language, which is dedicated to retrieve the target code accurately and quickly to improve the efficiency of software development. The deep learning based code search technique greatly improves the accuracy of search by learning the relationship between code and query statements. Since it relies on the extracted code features, acquiring more code features is the key to quickly improve the search performance. However, most of the previous works have not taken code annotations into consideration. In this paper, we take code annotations as code features and apply them to code search, which is named ICA-CS (Code Search that Incorporates Code Annotations). In the method, firstly, the code features are embedded to get the corresponding vector representation. It is then processed by bidirectional LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) network or multi-head attention respectively, followed by features fusion. And finally, the model is trained by joint embedding and using the minimised ranking loss function. As the experimental results show, on the evaluation metric MRR (mean reciprocal rank) compared to the state-of-the-art models DeepCS, SAN-CS, CARLCS-CNN and SelfAtt, the proposed model improves 48.96%, 17.11%, 41.01% and 13.07%, respectively. © ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications engineering 2024.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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Metamorphic Relation Patterns for Metamorphic Testing, Exploration and Robustness

Metamorphic Relation Patterns for Metamorphic Testing, Explo...

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作者： Ying, Zhihao Towey, Dave Bellotti, Anthony Chua, Caslon Quan Zhou, Zhi School of Computer Science University of Nottingham Ningbo China Zhejiang Ningbo China Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Swinburne University of Technology HawthornVIC Australia School of Computing and Information Technology University of Wollongong WollongongNSW Australia

Metamorphic testing (MT) is an effective software quality assurance method;it uses metamorphic relations (MRs) to examine the inputs and outputs of multiple test cases. Metamorphic exploration (ME) and metamorphic robustness testing (MRT) are advanced additions to the MT literature: ME can enable better understanding, and thus testing, of systems;MRT can test software robustness without an oracle. Metamorphic relation patterns (MRPs) are abstractions or templates for multiple concrete MRs. The performance of MT/ME/MRT relies on the quality of MRs, but the identification of MRs is often a manual task requiring some knowledge of MRPs, creative thinking and a good understanding of the system. In other words, the effective identification of MRs remains a challenge and requires further study. In this paper, we propose formal definitions to describe the relationship between multiple MRPs in order to classify them. We also identify a series of new MRPs and propose a new MT framework that can guide the identification and application of MRPs. Based on our definitions, we present the notion of MRP family trees and further propose two trees by classifying previously published MRPs and our proposed MRPs, in order to make it easier for users to find their target MRPs for reuse, reference or inference. Finally, we report on case studies using the MRPs and our framework to guide the identification of MRs for MT/ME/MRT and successfully detect multiple violations. © 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

关键词： software testing

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