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25th International Conference on Web Information Systems engineering, WISE 2024

作者： Tu, Longchuan Meng, Shunmei Liu, Xiao Liu, Guanfeng Beheshti, Amin Zhang, Xuyun School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjin China State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjin China School of Computing Macquarie University Sydney Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9789819605699

Recently, graph neural networks(GNNs) have played a key crucial in many recommendation situations. In particular, contrastive learning-based hypergraph neural networks (HGNNs) are gradually becoming a research focus for addressing issues of data sparsity and noise. Despite many studies proving their outstanding performance, there are still some shortcomings: i) Most contrastive learning-based HGNNs primarily rely on cross-view contrastive learning, while neglecting contrastive learning on the interaction graph. ii) Utilizing node embedding for hypergraph structure learning is susceptible to the influence of low-quality representations, thereby constraining the learning capability of HGNNs. To address these issues, we offer a Semantic Similarity-based Graph Contrastive Learning framework (SSGCL), which aims to jointly learn representations with rich semantic information through within-view and cross-view contrastive learning. Specifically, we first introduce consistency contrastive learning, which captures self-supervised signals through semantic similarity between nodes and their neighborhoods. It better captures the unique features of nodes through the connections between nodes and their neighborhoods. Then, we utilize interaction graph learning hypergraph structure, promoting it to extract potential node connections and thus improving its ability to describe homogeneous node relationships. Experimental evaluations on three actual datasets show that SSGCL performs much better than the current baseline models. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Securing the Silver Surfers: Cybersecurity Awareness Among Older Adults 19

Securing the Silver Surfers: Cybersecurity Awareness Among O...

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19th International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Management and Communication, IMCOM 2025

作者： Ahmad Nawi, Haslinda Sutan Omar, Siti Fatimah Basaruddin, Suzana Info. Science & Computing Department Management and Science University Selangor Malaysia Software Engineering Section UniKL MIIT Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Informatics & Analytics Section UniKL MIIT Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507817

This research investigates the perceptions of cybersecurity among older adults in Malaysia, aged 60 years and above, who are reliant on technology for basic activities. The data from 331 participants showed that 30.8% were online for 4-8 hours daily, while 3.3% were completely disconnected. Interestingly, more than half of the respondents were unaware of cybersecurity threats, especially malware and ransomware, which put their data in jeopardy. While there is some awareness related to unauthorized access and computer fraud, knowledge gaps remain significant, and effective educational interventions are thus needed. Informal, self-directed learning appears to be a widespread way of acquiring skills in this age group, often supplemented by community workshops and peer networks. Given that almost half of the older adults spend considerable time online, improving their digital skills in tandem with their support systems is an important goal for enhancing their online experiences. It indicates the need for a twin approach: enhancing cybersecurity awareness with specialized educational programs, alongside developing flexible opportunities for informal learning. Educational institutions and relevant policies are encouraged to prioritize building hands-on, specific cybersecurity education for seniors. Also, user interface design considering cybersecurity-related issues can make using the technological environment as user-friendly and secure as possible. These strategies will contribute to creating an inclusive digital society, where older adults are confident and safe in using digital technologies while continuously contributing to their personal and professional development. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Economic and social effects

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Measuring biases in AI-generated co-authorship networks

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EPJ Data Science 2025年第1期14卷 1-33页

作者： Kalhor, Ghazal Ali, Shiza Mashhadi, Afra School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Computing and Software Systems University of Washington Bothell WA United States

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced prompt-based information retrieval, yet their potential to reproduce or amplify social biases remains insufficiently understood. In this study, we investigate this issue through the concrete task of reconstructing real-world co-authorship networks of computer science (CS) researchers using two widely used LLMs—GPT-3.5 Turbo and Mixtral 8x7B. This task offers a structured and quantifiable way to evaluate whether LLM-generated scholarly relationships reflect demographic disparities, as co-authorship is a key proxy for collaboration and recognition in academia. We compare the LLM-generated networks to baseline networks derived from DBLP and Google Scholar, employing both statistical and network science approaches to assess biases related to gender and ethnicity. Our findings show that both LLMs tend to produce more accurate co-authorship links for individuals with Asian or White names, particularly among researchers with lower visibility or limited academic impact. While we find no significant gender disparities in accuracy, the models systematically favor generating co-authorship links that overrepresent Asian and White individuals. Additionally, the structural properties of the LLM-generated networks differ from those of the baseline networks. These results highlight the importance of examining how LLMs represent social and scientific relationships, particularly in contexts where they are increasingly used for knowledge discovery and scholarly search. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Biases in network representation Co-authorship networks Computer science Ethnicity Gender Large language models

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Adaptive Occlusion Face Recognition Feature Fusion Network Based on Precise Guidance Mask Extraction

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) 2025年 1-12页

作者： Ye, Jihua Zhang, Lei Wang, Chao Tu, Qixuan Zheng, Rehua Huang, Huiyuan Jiang, Aiwen School of Computer and Information Engineering Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang330022 China Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for High Performance Computing Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang330022 China State International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of Networked Supporting Software Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang330022 China

The uncertainty in the position and size of occluding objects greatly affects the extraction of identity features in facial recognition, which is a challenge that existing methods fail to effectively address. To tackle this issue, this paper introduces a novel feature fusion network for occluded facial recognition that adaptively handles arbitrary occlusions and accurately extracts occlusion information masks. The network effectively mitigates the impact of occlusions on facial identity features through a feature fusion module. The proposed method employs an occlusion classification module and an occlusion classification loss to precisely guide the extraction of accurate occlusion masks. Subsequently, an occlusion-aware hybrid attention module is introduced, which focuses on the relationship between facial features and occlusion masks across channel and spatial dimensions. This fusion strategy enables the extraction of facial identity features that are resilient to occlusions. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method holds a significant advantage in handling facial recognition tasks with arbitrary occlusions. On the LFW and MF1 synthetic occlusion datasets, the average accuracy rates reached 93.19% and 72.57%, respectively, showing improvements of 1.7 and 2.39 percent points over mainstream methods. © Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2025.

关键词： A feature fusion occluded facial recognition occlusion mask occlusion perception TP391.41

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FedPG: a privacy-friendly and universal method for solving non-IID data in federated learning

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Pattern Analysis and Applications 2025年第2期28卷 1-14页

作者： Xue, Baolu Zhang, Jiale Chen, Bing Meng, Weizhi College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China College of Information Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou China School of Mathematics Physics and Computing University of Southern Queensland Toowoomba Australia Collaborative Innovation Center of Novel Software Technology and Industrialization Nanjing China School of Computing and Communications Lancaster University Lancaster United Kingdom

Federated learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving distributed learning framework which could harness the potential of decentralized multimedia data. However, a significant hurdle lies in the non-uniform distribution of data among clients, leading to slow convergence and subpar accuracy in the global model. Although several approaches have been proposed to address this challenge, two key limitations remain. First, these methods frequently require access to information about local data or even the raw data, which raises significant privacy concerns for clients. Second, these methods struggle to perform well in a common non-IID scenario: class missingness, and they often fail to fully resolve the issue of client drift. In response, in this paper, we propose a privacy-friendly and universal method FedPG to solve non-IID data in FL. The core idea behind FedPG is to leverage homogeneous virtual data to alleviate both data heterogeneity and client drift. Specifically, FedPG introduces a novel image generation method based on prototype loss, which does not require any additional privacy-sensitive information. This approach generates synthetic datasets aligned with the global distribution to effectively assist local training. Besides, we also design a local training method that is suitable for scenarios involving class missingness, enabling both feature adaptation and classifier de-biasing. The comprehensive experiments demonstrate the efficacy of our FedPG framework. In the majority of cases, FedPG not only achieves superior accuracy but also exhibits accelerated convergence rates compared to alternative approaches. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Data heterogeneity Domain adaptation Federated learning Prototype

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Fine-Grained Features-based Code Search for Precise Query-Code Matching 31

Fine-Grained Features-based Code Search for Precise Query-Co...

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31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2025

作者： Zhang, Xinting Cheng, Mengqiu Wang, Mengzhen Gong, Songwen Cai, Yi Xie, Jiayuan Li, Qing Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong School of Software Engineering South China University of Technology China Department of Mathematics The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Guangdong Neusoft University China

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761964

Code search aims to quickly locate target code snippets from databases using natural language queries, which promotes code reusability. Existing methods can effectively obtain aligned token-level and query word-level features. However, these studies usually represent the semantics of code and query by averaging the features of each token and word respectively, which makes it difficult to accurately capture the code details that are closely related to the query. To address this issue, we propose a fine-grained code search model that consists of a cross-modal encoder, a mapping layer, and a classification layer. Specifically, we utilize a pre-trained model, GraphCodeBERT, in the cross-modal encoder to align features. In the mapping layer, we introduce a co-attention network to capture the fine-grained interactions between code and query, ensuring a model can precisely identify key code segments relevant to the query. Finally, in the classification layer, we incorporate instruction learning techniques that leverage contextual reasoning to improve the accuracy of query-code matching. Experimental results show that our proposed model significantly outperforms existing methods across multiple programming language datasets. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Structured Query Language

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Towards Attention-Aware Interactive 360-Degree Video Streaming on Smartphones

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IEEE Network 2025年

作者： Zhang, Lei Zhou, Haobin Shen, Linfeng Liu, Jiangchuan Cui, Laizhong Shenzhen University College of Computer Science and Software Engineering China Simon Fraser University School of Computing Science Canada

Browsing 360-degree videos on smartphones is becoming increasingly popular, which is challenging due to heavy user interactions, limited hardware capabilities, and constrained batteries. To improve resource efficiency and user experience, we propose a framework for attention-aware interactive 360-degree video streaming for smartphone users. We first explore the built-in capabilities of off-the-shelf smartphones to capture user attention during video browsing. Using the information of user attention to predict viewport and analyze user-perceptive quality, we then investigate the approaches for improving video encoding, transmission, and rendering in 360-degree video streaming. Further, we discuss the opportunities for enhancing user interactive experience with error tolerance, protocol design, and on-device computation. Finally, our prototype implementation is presented as a case study to validate our design principles. Our framework integrates and coordinates advanced techniques for different components of 360-degree video streaming systems to achieve better user experience, which can also serve as a foundation for leveraging modern attention-based multi-modal learning architectures. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Video streaming

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The Impact of Transformer Models and Regression Algorithms on Automated Short Answer Grading 5

The Impact of Transformer Models and Regression Algorithms o...

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5th IEEE International Conference on Advances in Electrical, computing, Communication and Sustainable Technologies, ICAECT 2025

作者： Nampoothiri, Abhijith. N. Thushara, M.G. Pradeesh, N. Anand Krishna, K.R. Santhosh, Abhai Abhijith Kumar, S. Kumar, Suryan Amrita School of Computing Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Department of Computer Science and Applications Amritapuri India Amrita School of Computing Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amritapuri India Omnex Software Solutions Pvt. Ltd Thoraipakkam Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356236

Grading short answer questions in higher education often poses significant challenges due to its subjective nature and time-consuming process. As educational institutions expand, the need for efficient and objective grading solutions becomes critical. This paper investigates the use of machine learning and natural language processing to automate the evaluation of short answer responses. Our study employs a two-phase methodology: first, several transformer models - including BERT, Sentence-BERT, T5, Genism, and XLNet - are used to transform text into numerical representations. In the second phase, various regression techniques, such as Linear Regression, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, and AdaBoost, are applied to these representations to estimate scores. Our findings indicate that the combination of the BERT model with Random Forest performs the best, demonstrating superior accuracy with the lowest error metrics. This optimal model pairing is proposed for integration into the Ample Learning Management System (LMS) to enhance grading efficiency and provide quicker, more reliable feedback. The significant implications of this research provides teachers with a robust tool for automated grading, which can enhance the educational experience by delivering timely and accurate evaluations. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Teaching

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PEbfs: Implement High-Performance Breadth-First Search on PEZY-SC3s 24th

PEbfs: Implement High-Performance Breadth-First Search on P...

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24th International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing, ICA3PP 2024

作者： Guo, Weihao Wang, Qinglin Liu, Xiaodong Peng, Muchun Yang, Shun Liang, Yaling Shi, Yongzhen Cao, Ligang Liu, Jie Laboratory of Digitizing Software for Frontier Equipment National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China National Key Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Computing National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China Engineering Research Center for National Fundamental Software National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819615506

The breadth-first search (BFS) algorithm is a fundamental algorithm in graph theory, and it’s parallelization can significantly improve performance. Therefore, there have been numerous efforts to leverage the powerful parallel computing capabilities of hardware like GPGPU to implement high-performance BFS algorithms. However, the energy efficiency is relatively low due to the high power consumption of the platforms on which the algorithm is adapted to. To deal with these challenges, this paper introduces PEbfs that is a high-performance BFS algorithm based on the PEZY-SC3s efficient processor. We integrated three search algorithms, two algorithm optimization strategies, and a directional optimization scheme into PEbfs. Through multiple evaluations of the performance of PEbfs on the public SNAP dataset, the results demonstrate that the average energy efficiency ratio of PEbfs is higher than that of Enterprise and Tigr, the two most advanced implementations on Nvidia’s GPGPU: It achieves 3.08× the average energy efficiency ratio of Enterprise and 4.53× that of Tigr. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Optimization algorithms

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Evaluating software Development Agents: Patch Patterns, Code Quality, and Issue Complexity in Real-World GitHub Scenarios

Evaluating Software Development Agents: Patch Patterns, Code...

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IEEE International Conference on software Analysis, Evolution and Reengineering (SANER)

作者： Zhi Chen Lingxiao Jiang Centre for Research on Intelligent Software Engineering School of Computing and Information Systems Singapore Management University

ISBN: (数字)9798331535100

ISBN: (纸本)9798331535117

In recent years, AI-based software engineering has progressed from pre-trained models to advanced agentic workflows, with software Development Agents representing the next major leap. These agents, capable of reasoning, planning, and interacting with external environments, offer promising solutions to complex software engineering tasks. However, while much research has evaluated code generated by large language models (LLMs), comprehensive studies on agent-generated patches, particularly in real-world settings, are lacking. This study addresses that gap by evaluating 4,892 patches from 10 top-ranked agents on 500 real-world GitHub issues from SWE-Bench Verified, focusing on their impact on code quality. Our analysis shows no single agent dominated, with 170 issues unresolved, indicating room for improvement. Even for patches that passed unit tests and resolved issues, agents made different file and function modifications compared to the gold patches from repository developers, revealing limitations in the benchmark's test case coverage. Most agents maintained code reliability and security, avoiding new bugs or vulnerabilities; while some agents increased code complexity, many reduced code duplication and minimized code smells. Finally, agents performed better on simpler codebases, suggesting that breaking complex tasks into smaller sub-tasks could improve effectiveness. This study provides the first comprehensive evaluation of agent-generated patches on real-world GitHub issues, offering insights to advance AI-driven software development.

关键词： Gold Codes Large language models Computer bugs Focusing Complexity theory Security Reliability software development management software engineering

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