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A Robust and Generalized Gauss-Seidel Solver for Physically-Correct Simultaneous Collisions

Proceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques 2025年第1期8卷 1-17页

作者： Huanbo Zhou Zhenyu Xu Xijun Liu Xinyu Zhang Software Engineering Institute East China Normal University Shanghai Shanghai China East China Normal University Shanghai Shanghai China Software Engineering Institute East China Normal University Shanghai Shanghai China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing Shanghai Shanghai China and Engineering Research Center of Software/Hardware Co-design Technology and Application MoE) Shanghai Shanghai China

Simulating multi-object collisions in real-time environments remains a significant challenge, particularly when handling simultaneous collisions in a physically accurate manner. Traditional Gauss-Seidel solvers, widely employed in physics engines, often fail to preserve the symmetry and consistency of multi-object interactions that are often observed in physics. In this paper, we present a generalized and robust Gauss-Seidel solver to overcome the difficulties in simultaneous collisions. Using spatial and temporal collision states to classify and resolve constraints, our algorithm ensures correct collision propagation and symmetry, addressing the limitations commonly found in existing solvers. Moreover, our algorithm can mitigate jitters caused by floating-point errors, ensuring smooth and stable collision responses. Our approach demonstrates fast convergence and improved accuracy in scenarios involving complex multi-object collisions.

关键词： Physically-based simulation Gauss-Seidel solver Simultaneous collisions

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Evaluating the Generalizability of LLMs in Automated Program Repair

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Fengjie Jiang, Jiajun Sun, Jiajun Zhang, Hongyu College of Intelligence and and Computing Tianjin University Tianjin China School of Big Data and Software Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing China

LLM-based automated program repair methods have attracted significant attention for their state-of-the-art performance. However, they were primarily evaluated on a few well-known datasets like Defects4J, raising questions about their effectiveness on new datasets. In this study, we evaluate 11 top-performing LLMs on DEFECTS4J-TRANS, a new dataset derived from transforming Defects4J while maintaining the original semantics. Results from experiments on both Defects4J and DEFECTS4J-TRANS show that all studied LLMs have limited generalizability in APR tasks, with the average number of correct and plausible patches decreasing by 49.48% and 42.90%, respectively, on DEFECTS4J-TRANS. Further investigation into incorporating additional repair-relevant information in repair prompts reveals that, although this information significantly enhances the LLMs’ capabilities (increasing the number of correct and plausible patches by up to 136.67% and 121.82%, respectively), performance still falls short of their original results. This indicates that prompt engineering alone is insufficient to substantially enhance LLMs’ repair capabilities. Based on our study, we also offer several recommendations for future research. © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Repair

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SACK: Enabling Environmental Situation-Aware Access Control for Vehicles in Linux Kernel

SACK: Enabling Environmental Situation-Aware Access Control ...

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Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition

作者： Boyan Chen Qingni Shen Lei Xue Jiarui She Xiaolei Zhang Xiapu Luo Xin Zhang Wei Chen Zhonghai Wu School of Software and Microelectronic Peking University National Engineering Research Center for Software Engineering Peking University School of Cyber Science and Technology Sun Yat-sen University Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

ISBN: (数字)9783982674100

ISBN: (纸本)9798331534646

Connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) operate in open and evolving environments, which require timely and adaptive permission restriction to address dynamic risks that arise from changes in environmental situations (hereinafter referred to as situations), such as emergency situations due to vehicle crashes. Enforcing situation-aware access control is an effective approach to support adaptive permission restriction. Current works mainly implement situation-aware access control in the permission framework and API monitoring in user space. They are vulnerable to being bypassed and are coarse-grained. Autonomous systems have widely adopted mandatory access control (MAC) to configure and enforce system-wide and fine-grained access control policies. However, the MA $C$ supported by Linux security modules (LSM) relies on predefined security contexts (e.g., type) and relatively fixed permission transition conditions (e.g., exec syscall), which lacks consideration of environmental factors. To address these issues, we propose a Situation-aware Access Control framework in the Kernel (SACK), which enforces adaptive permission restriction based on environmental factors for CAVs. Incorporating environmental situations into the LSM framework is not straightforward. SACK introduces situation states as a new security context for abstracting environmental factors in the kernel. Subsequently, SACK utilizes a situation state machine to implement new adaptive permission transitions triggered by situation events. In addition, SACK provides a novel situation-aware policy language that links specific user space permissions to MAC rules while maintaining compatibility with other LSMs such as AppArmor. We develop two prototypes: an independent SACK with its own policies and a SACK-enhanced AppArmor that adaptively updates the corresponding policies of AppArmor. The experimental results demonstrate that SACK can efficiently enforce situation-adaptive permissions with negliaible runtime ove

关键词： Access control Connected vehicles Runtime Linux Prototypes Environmental factors Kernel Vehicle dynamics Autonomous vehicles Monitoring

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Towards Trustworthy Aircraft Safety: Explainable AI for Accurate Incident and Accident Predictions 20th

Towards Trustworthy Aircraft Safety: Explainable AI for Accu...

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20th International Conference on the Economics of Grids, Clouds, Systems, and Services, GECON 2024

作者： Amin, Maryam Noor, Umara Fatima, Manahil Rashid, Zahid Altmann, Jörn Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Computing and Information Technology International Islamic University Islamabad44000 Pakistan Technology Management Economics and Policy Program College of Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of College of Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9783031812255

Despite technological advancements, ensuring aircraft safety remains a challenge, however, Machine learning (ML)-based approaches for predicting future incidents play a crucial role in addressing flight safety. As ML models increase in complexity, their decision-making process becomes less transparent, posing significant challenges to trustworthiness. While simpler models demonstrate lower accuracy, more intricate models such as deep neural networks achieve higher accuracy but sacrifice interpretability. In this study, we enhance trustworthiness in aircraft safety prediction by leveraging a dataset of past accidents and incidents to prevent similar accidents from occurring in the future. To achieve this, we apply Random Forest and Extreme Gradient Boosting models to classify different categories of aircraft incidents. Additionally, we apply two powerful explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) techniques: Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME) and Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) to provide insights into both local and global predictions made by the models. Notably, our results reveal high accuracy in these predictions while maintaining trustworthiness. This research contributes to the advancement of XAI and offers valuable insights for safety-critical applications and decision support systems. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Aircraft accidents

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MCDS: An Effective Multi-UAV Collaborative Decision-Making System in Mobile Edge computing Networks

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Xiong, Naixue Zhong, Weiyu Chen, Yuxiang He, Dacheng Li, Yuhui Chen, Linshu Liang, Wei Sanya Research Institute of Hunan University of Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology Hunan Key Laboratory for Service Computing and Novel Software Technology China Sanya Research Institute of Hunan University of Science and Technology Hunan University School of Computer Science and Engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology Hunan Key Laboratory for Service Computing and Novel Software Technology School of Information Science and Engineering China The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Computing Hong Kong

Mobile Edge computing (MEC) pushes computing resources from the network center to the network edge to provide efficient and reliable computing services. However, due to the mobility and diversity of mobile users (MUs), edge servers (ESs) are likely to be overloaded, which leads to a rapid decline in the quality of service provided by the MEC system. This paper introduces unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to solve the problem of ES overload. This paper presents an effective Multi-UAV Collaborative Decision-Making System (MCDS) tailored to optimize task offloading and resource allocation in MEC networks. The proposed system seeks to reduce task computing delays and energy consumption while guaranteeing timely task completion and compliance with resource constraints. We design a distributed two-stage optimization algorithm to jointly optimize the task offloading decision and resource allocation of the collaborative computing system (UAVs, ESs, and MUs). To address the flight cooperation problem of multi-UAVs, we also proposed a task-aware scheduling algorithm for multi-UAVs. In addition, we conducted a large number of simulation experiments. Experimental results show that our two-stage optimization scheme is lower than other benchmark algorithms in terms of task completion delay, energy consumption and total cost of objective function. Specifically, compared with seven baseline algorithms under three different system setting scenarios, our algorithm reduces the total cost by an average of 38.79%, the energy consumption by an average of 40.70%, and the delay by an average of 15.67%. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Drones

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AI-Powered IT Project Management: Analyzing the Effectiveness of Advanced Project Management Tools to Ensure Project Efficiency

AI-Powered IT Project Management: Analyzing the Effectivenes...

引用

IEEE Southeastcon

作者： Jiban Krisna Das Ifeoluwa Elegbe Lord Coffie Rojeena Khadka Lei Chen Yiming Ji Dept. of Information Technology Georgia Southern University Statesboro GA USA College of Computing and Software Engineering Kennesaw State University

ISBN: (数字)9798331504847

ISBN: (纸本)9798331504854

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into project management has significantly transformed traditional methodologies, particularly within the Information Technology (IT) sector. This study investigates the effectiveness of AI-powered tools, specifically Asana, Jira, and *** to improve project management efficiency through automation, resource optimization, and decision-making processes. Using a systematic literature review and quantitative analysis, the research highlights the capabilities and limitations of these tools in the management of complex IT projects. The study findings reveal that AI-powered platforms facilitate real-time tracking, predictive analytics and dynamic resource allocation, which collectively contribute to reduced project timelines and improved outcomes. However, challenges such as data quality, integration complexities, and the need for skilled personnel remain prevalent. The study was summarized with strategic recommendations for organizations to incorporate automation, leverage predictive analytics, and improve data integrity, thus maximizing the benefits of AI in project management. This research underscores the critical role of AI in modernizing project management practices, which ultimately leads to increased productivity and project success rates in the IT domain.

关键词： Automation Navigation Project management Organizations Predictive models Real-time systems Complexity theory Resource management Predictive analytics Optimization

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A modified grey wolf optimizer with multi-solution crossover integration algorithm for feature selection

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized computing 2025年第1期16卷 329-345页

作者： Ihsan, Muhammad Din, Fakhrud Zamli, Kamal Z. Ghadi, Yazeed Yasin Alahmadi, Tahani Jaser Innab, Nisreen Faculty of IT Department of Computer Science and IT University of Malakand Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Chakdara18800 Pakistan Faculty of Computing College of Computing and Applied Sciences Universiti Malaysia Pahang Pahang Pekan26600 Malaysia Department of computer science and software engineering Al Ain University Abu Dhabi12555 United Arab Emirates Department of Information SystemsCollege of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh84428 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Information SystemsCollege of Applied Sciences Al-Maarefa University Diriyah Riyadh13713 Saudi Arabia

Feature selection helps eradicate redundant features which is essential to mitigate the curse of dimensionality when a machine-learning model deals with high-dimensional datasets. Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) is a swarm-based algorithm that simulates the wolves’ hunting behavior. Although very efficient, GWO faces some limitations which may cause premature convergence and/or local optima trapping. Moreover, GWO relies mainly on the three best wolves, limiting its potential for diverse exploration and exploitation. This work proposes an improved version of GWO namely, a modified grey wolf optimizer with multi-solution crossover integration (MGWO-MCI) algorithm. MGWO-MCI algorithm incorporates a multi-solution strategy that evolves new potential solutions in the optimization process. A crossover operation is performed between the new wolves and the existing hierarchy, reforming the position-updating process. MGWO-MCI utilizes this position-updating process using two different approaches. The first approach named MGWO-MCI-I expands the additional wolves’ role to both exploration and exploitation whereas the second approach named MGWO-MCI-II incorporates their role to exploration only. These approaches are evaluated and tested using 18 datasets and an Intrusion detection dataset NSL-KDD for feature selection. Statistically, the results are analyzed through the Wilcoxon test, which shows the superiority of MGWO-MCI-II. MGWO-MCI-II outperforms others with an accuracy of 98.6% on NSL-KDD and achieves 55.5% overall best outcomes on other datasets. Moreover, the MGWO-MCI was evaluated on two constrained optimization problems, the pressure vessel and welded beam design validating its effectiveness and adaptability in solving different optimization problems. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Constrained optimization

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VEGAS: Towards Visually Explainable and Grounded Artificial Social Intelligence

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Hao Fei, Hao Hu, Zechao Yang, Zhengwei Wang, Zheng National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software School of Computer Science Wuhan University China School of Computing National University Singapore

Social Intelligence Queries (Social-IQ) serve as the primary multimodal benchmark for evaluating a model’s social intelligence level. While impressive multiple-choice question (MCQ) accuracy is achieved by current solutions, increasing evidence shows that they are largely, and in some cases entirely, dependent on language modality, overlooking visual context. Additionally, the closed-set nature further prevents the exploration of whether and to what extent the reasoning path behind selection is correct. To address these limitations, we propose the Visually Explainable and Grounded Artificial Social Intelligence (VEGAS) model. As a generative multimodal model, VEGAS leverages open-ended answering to provide explainable responses, which enhances the clarity and evaluation of reasoning paths. To enable visually grounded answering, we propose a novel sampling strategy to provide the model with more relevant visual frames. We then enhance the model’s interpretation of these frames through Generalist Instruction Fine-Tuning (GIFT), which aims to: i) learn multimodal-language transformations for fundamental emotional social traits, and ii) establish multimodal joint reasoning capabilities. Extensive experiments, comprising modality ablation, open-ended assessments, and supervised MCQ evaluations, consistently show that VEGAS effectively utilizes visual information in reasoning to produce correct and also credible answers. We expect this work to offer a new perspective on Social-IQ and advance the development of human-like social AI. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Emotional intelligence

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HybridFL: Hybrid Approach Toward Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning 6th

HybridFL: Hybrid Approach Toward Privacy-Preserving Federate...

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6th International Conference on Security and Privacy in New computing Environments, SPNCE 2023

作者： Ali, Sheraz Mamoon, Saqib Usman, Areeba Abidin, Zain ul Zhao, Chuan School of Information Science and Engineering University of Jinan Jinan250022 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network-Based Intelligent Computing University of Jinan Jinan250022 China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Software Engineering University of Jinan Jinan250022 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031736988

In this study, we introduce a novel Hybrid Federated Learning (HybridFL) approach aimed at enhancing privacy and accuracy in collaborative machine learning scenarios. Our methodology integrates Differential Privacy (DP) and secret sharing techniques to address inference risks during training and protect against information leakage in the output model. Drawing inspiration from recent advances, we present a HybridFL framework that combines the strengths of Homomorphic Encryption (HE) and Multi-Party Computation (MPC) to achieve secure computation without the computational overhead of pure HE methods. Our contributions include a privacy-preserving design for Federated Learning (FL) that ensures local data privacy through secret sharing while leveraging DP mechanisms for noise addition. The system offers resilience against unreliable participants and is evaluated using various machine learning models, including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLP), and linear regression. Furthermore, we address potential external threats by deploying predictive model outputs as robust services against inference attacks. Experimental results demonstrate improved accuracy and convergence speed, establishing the viability of HybridFL as an effective solution for collaborative machine learning with enhanced privacy guarantees. © ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications engineering 2025.

关键词： Federated learning

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Semi-Supervised Change Detection With Boundary Refinement Teacher

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IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 2025年 63卷

作者： Su, You Song, Yonghong Wu, Xiaomeng Hu, Hao Chen, Jingqi Wen, Zehan Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Software Engineering Xi’an710049 China Institute of Computing China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Ltd. Beijing100081 China

High-quality pseudo-labels are critical for guiding learning in semi-supervised change detection (SSCD). Recently, many SSCD methods based on consistency regularization (CR) have achieved advanced performance. These methods typically generate pseudo-labels by setting a fixed threshold. However, this strategy struggles to generate pseudo-labels with high-quality boundary details. To this end, we propose a novel SSCD method boundary refinement teacher (BRT) to enhance the boundary quality of pseudo-labels. A bi-temporal image boundary refinement (BIBR) module is designed to uncover boundary details in unlabeled images at first. BIBR explores the boundary characteristics of pseudo-labels by extracting the boundary blocks from its change map and re-delineates the boundary decision points with their magnified views. Then, a stable teacher parameter update (STPU) module is devised to sustain the semi-supervised learning (SSL) state steady, avoiding frequent updates to the teacher model parameters. These stable updates to teacher model parameters provide continuous and high-quality guidance, preventing pseudo-label fluctuations from disrupting the student model’s acquisition of new knowledge. Extensive experiments are conducted on three commonly used change detection (CD) datasets, encompassing buildings and multiple categories, covering SSCD settings, boundary metrics, and detailed ablation studies. Our results show that simply enhancing the boundary quality of the pseudo-labels allows the BRT to consistently deliver state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance in SSCD. © 1980-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Change detection

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