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Students Online Exam Proctoring: A Case Study Using 360 Degree Security Cameras

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Students Online Exam Proctoring: A Case Study Using 360 Degr...

2020 International Conference on Emerging Technology in computing, Communication and Electronics, ETCCE 2020

作者： Turani, Aiman A Alkhateeb, Jawad H Alsewari, AbdulRahman A. Taibah University Information System Department AlMadinah Almunawarah Saudi Arabia Taibah University Computer Science Department AlMadinah Almunawarah Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computing Software Engineering Department Pekan Pahang Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665419628

Online courses, online exams and online certificates are conducted by various universities and Information Technology (IT) institutes worldwide. Delivery tools have been created for conducting the exams from any place. Applying this will lead saving time and travelling cost. Nowadays, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a big demand on the online courses and exams. This paper introduces a new approach for exam proctoring using 360-degree security camera. Mainly, online exams' security is a major concern. Thus, a delivery tools must not only ensure the identity of a test-taker but also the overall test integrity. In this paper, the usage of the 360-degree security camera over the traditional webcam was investigated in order to enhance the exam security and to minimize the stressful restrictions. To verify this goal, a case study on a group of volunteer students within the college of computer science and engineering was made. In addition, an automated proctoring model that will eliminate the need for a real-time proctoring and remove any scheduling constraints in order to prevent cheating is proposed in this paper. The machine learning algorithms is exploited to enrich the proposed system. A secure frame work using the biometric is applied in order to ensure authentication and running the online exam smoothly. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Students

QoE Maximization for Multiple-UAV-Assisted Multi-Access Edge computing: An Online Joint Optimization Approach

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arXiv 2024年

作者： He, Long Sun, Geng Sun, Zemin Wu, Qingqing Kang, Jiawen Niyato, Dusit Han, Zhu Leung, Victor C.M. The College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun130012 China The College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore The Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China The School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China The University of Houston HoustonTX77004 United States The Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kyung Hee University Seoul446701 Korea Republic of The College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of British Columbia VancouverBCV6T 1Z4 Canada

In disaster scenarios, conventional terrestrial multi-access edge computing (MEC) paradigms, which rely on fixed infrastructure, may become unavailable due to infrastructure damage. With high-probability line-of-sight (LoS) communication, flexible mobility, and low cost, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted MEC is emerging as a new promising paradigm to provide edge computing services for ground user devices (UDs) in disaster-stricken areas. However, the limited battery capacity, computing resources, and spectrum resources also pose serious challenges for UAV-assisted MEC, which can potentially shorten the service time of UAVs and degrade the quality of experience (QoE) of UDs without an effective control approach. To this end, in this work, we first present a hierarchical architecture of multiple-UAV-assisted MEC networks that enables the coordinated provision of edge computing services by multiple UAVs. Then, we formulate a joint task offloading, resource allocation, and UAV trajectory planning optimization problem (JTRTOP) to maximize the QoE of UDs while considering the energy consumption constraints of UAVs. Since the problem is proven to be a future-dependent and NP-hard problem, we propose a novel online joint task offloading, resource allocation, and UAV trajectory planning approach (OJTRTA) to solve the problem. Specifically, the JTRTOP is first transformed into a per-slot real-time optimization problem (PROP) using the Lyapunov optimization framework. Then, a two-stage optimization method based on game theory and convex optimization is proposed to solve the PROP. Simulation results provide empirical evidence supporting the superior system performance of the proposed OJTRTA in comparison to alternative approaches. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Game theory

Multi-objective Aerial IRS-assisted ISAC Optimization via Generative AI-enhanced Deep Reinforcement Learning

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Xie, Wenwen Sun, Geng Wang, Jiacheng Du, Hongyang Kang, Jiawen Huang, Kaibin Leung, Victor C.M. College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun130012 China College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China Artificial Intelligence Research Institute Shenzhen MSU-BIT University Shenzhen518115 China College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of British Columbia VancouverV6T 1Z4 Canada

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has garnered substantial research interest owing to its pivotal role in advancing the development of next-generation (6G) wireless networks. However, achieving a performance balance between communication and sensing in the dual-function radar communication (DFRC)-based ISAC system remains a significant challenge. In this paper, an aerial intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-assisted ISAC system is explored, where a base station (BS) supports dual-functional operations, enabling both data transmission for multiple users and sensing for a blocked target, with the channel quality enhanced by an IRS mounted on the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Moreover, we formulate an integrated communication, sensing, and energy efficiency multi-objective optimization problem (CSEMOP), which aims to maximize the communication rate of the users and the echo rate of the target, while minimizing UAV propulsion energy consumption by jointly optimizing the BS beamforming matrix, IRS phase shifts, the flight velocity and angle of the UAV. Considering the non-convexity, trade-off, and dynamic nature of the formulated CSEMOP, we propose a generative diffusion model-based deep deterministic policy gradient (GDMDDPG) method to solve the problem. Specifically, the diffusion model is incorporated into the actor network of DDPG to improve the action quality, with noise perturbation mechanism for better exploration and recent prioritized experience replay (RPER) sampling mechanism for enhanced training efficiency. Simulation results indicate that the GDMDDPG method delivers superior performance compared to the existing methods. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Multiobjective optimization

Developing a Suitability Assessment Criteria for software Developers: Behavioral Assessment Using Psychometric Test

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Developing a Suitability Assessment Criteria for Software De...

作者： Jayati Gulati Bharti Suri Luiz Fernando Capretz Bimlesh Wadhwa Anu Singh Lather Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University School of Information and Communication Technology Western University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Software Engineering School of Computing National University of Singapore

A suitability assessment instrument for software developers was created using a psychometric criteria that identify the impact of behavior on the performance of software engineers. The instrument uses a questionnaire to help both individuals and IT recruiters to identify the psychological factors that affect the working performance of software engineers. Our study identifies the relationship between the behavioral drivers and the programming abilities of the subjects. In order to evaluate the instrument, a total of 100 respondents were compared on the basis of their programming skills and nine behavioral drivers. It was concluded that there is a direct relationship between certain human qualities, such as "Attention to Detail," and the programming style of the students, while the "Locus of Control" factor was observed to have a negative correlation with performance in programming.

关键词： Behavioral assessment software engineering personality traits human factors in software engineering

Applications of Machine Learning in Diabetic Foot Ulcer Diagnosis using Multimodal Images: A Review

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IAENG International Journal of Applied Mathematics 2023年第3期53卷 75页

作者： Mayya, Veena Tummala, Venkat Reddy, Chaduvula Upendra Mishra, Pranjal Boddu, Rajasekhar Olivia, Diana Kamath, S Sowmya Department of Information & Communication Technology Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Academy of Higher Education Karnataka Manipal India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Academy of Higher Education Karnataka Manipal India Department of Information & Communication Technology Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Academy of Higher Education Karnataka Manipal India Department of Software Engineering College of Computing and Informatics Haramaya University Dire Dawa Ethiopia Department of Information & Communication Technology Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Academy of Higher Education Karnataka Manipal India Department of Information Technology National Institute of Technology Karnataka SurathkalMangalore575025 India

Diabetes related complications such as Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFU) may necessitate recurrent hospitalisations and expensive treatments. Uncontrolled diabetes can result in severe DFUs, resulting in amputation of lower limbs or feet, prolonged debilitation and diminished quality of life. Early diagnosis and proactive management are reported to significantly enhance the prognosis and reduce the onset of further complications. In this study, research works on developing clinical decision support systems (CDSS) for the identification and segmentation of DFU are systematically reviewed. The techniques employed range from traditional image processing techniques to approaches based on deep learning (DL). A taxonomy of DFU CDSSs is presented, categorised into two groups: RGB-based techniques and thermal imaging-based approaches. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt at a comprehensive study of CDSSs for DFU related investigative tasks, based on different imaging modalities. We also delve into the difficulties experienced in the process of creating efficient, reliable, and accurate models for the early detection of DFU, and highlight the vast potential for further research in this emerging domain. © (2023), (International Association of Engineers). All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Diseases

HRaft: Adaptive Erasure Coded Data Maintenance for Consensus in Distributed Networks

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HRaft: Adaptive Erasure Coded Data Maintenance for Consensus...

International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： Yulei Jia Guangping Xu Chi Wan Sung Salwa Mostafa Yulei Wu School of Computer Science and Engineering Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligence Computing and Novel Software Technology Tianjin China Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China College of Engineering Mathematics and Physical Sciences University of Exeter Exeter UK

Distributed data services usually rely on consensus protocols like Paxos and Raft to provide fault-tolerance and data consistency across global and local-distributed data centers. Erasure coding replication has appealing storage and network cost saving compared with full copy replication, which helps consensus protocols achieve low latency, high fault tolerance, and high throughput for data access. Applying erasure coding in consensus protocols directly will degrade the liveness level when the number of failure servers reaches a certain level. To address the challenge, CRaft just stores full copy replication instead of erasure coding replication when the number of failed servers reaches a certain threshold. In such situation, CRaft will be downgraded sharply to the same storage and network costs as Raft. To overcome the shortcoming of CRaft, we propose a protocol, called HRaft, which can adapt the placement of data blocks in order to always have enough blocks to recover the stored value when servers fail. By replenishing some coded blocks in healthy servers instead of full copy replication, it can avoid switching to the full replication when a certain threshold on the number of failures is reached. We designed and implemented a key-value (KV) storage prototype to validate the proposed protocol and evaluate its performance. The experimental results show HRaft can significantly reduce storage and network costs and improve write performance while keeping the liveness level compared to CRaft.

关键词： Fault tolerance Costs System performance Fault tolerant systems Distributed databases Switches Throughput

Safe and Accelerated Deep Reinforcement Learning-based O-RAN Slicing: A Hybrid Transfer Learning Approach

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Nagib, Ahmad M. Abou-Zeid, Hatem Hassanein, Hossam S. The School of Computing Queen's University KingstonONK7L 2N8 Canada The Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence Cairo University Giza12613 Egypt The Department of Electrical and Software Engineering University of Calgary CalgaryABT2N 1N4 Canada

The open radio access network (O-RAN) architecture supports intelligent network control algorithms as one of its core capabilities. Data-driven applications incorporate such algorithms to optimize radio access network (RAN) functions via RAN intelligent controllers (RICs). Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms are among the main approaches adopted in the O-RAN literature to solve dynamic radio resource management problems. However, despite the benefits introduced by the O-RAN RICs, the practical adoption of DRL algorithms in real network deployments falls behind. This is primarily due to the slow convergence and unstable performance exhibited by DRL agents upon deployment and when encountering previously unseen network conditions. In this paper, we address these challenges by proposing transfer learning (TL) as a core component of the training and deployment workflows for the DRL-based closed-loop control of O-RAN functionalities. To this end, we propose and design a hybrid TL-aided approach that leverages the advantages of both policy reuse and distillation TL methods to provide safe and accelerated convergence in DRL-based O-RAN slicing. We conduct a thorough experiment that accommodates multiple services, including real VR gaming traffic to reflect practical scenarios of O-RAN slicing. We also propose and implement policy reuse and distillation-aided DRL and non-TL-aided DRL as three separate baselines. The proposed hybrid approach shows at least: 7.7% and 20.7% improvements in the average initial reward value and the percentage of converged scenarios, and a 64.6% decrease in reward variance while maintaining fast convergence and enhancing the generalizability compared with the baselines. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

AI Integration in the IT Professional Workplace: A Scoping Review and Interview Study with Implications for Education and Professional Competencies 2024

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AI Integration in the IT Professional Workplace: A Scoping R...

29th Working Group Reports on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education, ITiCSE WGR 2024

作者： Clear, Tony Cajander, Åsa Clear, Alison Mcdermott, Roger Daniels, Mats Divitini, Monica Forshaw, Matthew Humble, Niklas Kasinidou, Maria Kleanthous, Styliani Kultur, Can Parvini, Ghazaleh Polash, Mohammad Zhu, Tingting Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Auckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand Department of Information Technology Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden School of Business Eastern Institute of Technology Auckland New Zealand School of Computing Robert Gordon University Aberdeen United Kingdom Dpt. of Computer Science Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway The Alan Turing Institute Newcastle Upon Tyne United Kingdom Open University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus The Open University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States Manning College of Information and Computer Sciences University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst United States School of Computer Science University of Sydney Sydney Australia Department of Geography Geomatics and Environment University of Toronto Mississauga Toronto Canada School of Computer Science Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798400712081

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) continues transforming workplaces globally, particularly within the Information Technology (IT) industry, understanding its impact on IT professionals and computing curricula is crucial. This research builds on joint work from two countries, addressing concerns about AI's increasing influence in IT sector workplaces and its implications for tertiary education. The study focuses on AI technologies such as generative AI (GenAI) and large language models (LLMs). It examines how they are perceived and adopted and their effects on workplace dynamics, task allocation, and human-system interaction. IT professionals, noted as early adopters of AI, offer valuable insights into the interplay between AI and work engagement, highlighting the significant competencies required for digital workplaces. This study employs a dual-method approach, combining a systematic and multi-vocal literature review and qualitative research methods. These included a thematic analysis of a set of 47 interviews conducted between March and May of 2024 with IT professionals in two countries (New Zealand and Sweden). The research aimed to understand the implications for computing students, education curricula, and the assessment of emerging professional competencies. The literature review found insufficient evidence addressing comprehensive AI practice methodologies, highlighting the need to both develop and regulate professional competencies for effective AI integration. Key interview findings revealed diverse levels of GenAI adoption, ranging from individual experimentation to institutional integration. Participants generally expressed positive attitudes toward the technology and were actively pursuing self-learning despite some concerns. The themes emerging from the interviews included AI's role in augmenting human tasks, privacy and security concerns, productivity enhancements, legal and ethical challenges, and the evolving need for new competencies in the workplace.

关键词： artificial intelligence

Deep learning-based autonomous driving systems: A survey of attacks and defenses

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Deng, Yao Zhang, Tiehua Lou, Guannan Zheng, Xi Jin, Jiong Han, Qing-Long The Department of Computing Macquarie University SydneyNSW2109 Australia The School of Software and Electrical Engineering Swinburne University of Technology MelbourneVIC3122 Australia

The rapid development of artificial intelligence, especially deep learning technology, has advanced autonomous driving systems (ADSs) by providing precise control decisions to counterpart almost any driving event, spanning from anti-fatigue safe driving to intelligent route planning. However, ADSs are still plagued by increasing threats from different attacks, which could be categorized into physical attacks, cyberattacks and learning-based adversarial attacks. Inevitably, the safety and security of deep learning-based autonomous driving are severely challenged by these attacks, from which the countermeasures should be analyzed and studied comprehensively to mitigate all potential risks. This survey provides a thorough analysis of different attacks that may jeopardize ADSs, as well as the corresponding state-of-the-art defense mechanisms. The analysis is unrolled by taking an in-depth overview of each step in the ADS workflow, covering adversarial attacks for various deep learning models and attacks in both physical and cyber context. Furthermore, some promising research directions are suggested in order to improve deep learning-based autonomous driving safety, including model robustness training, model testing and verification, and anomaly detection based on cloud/edge servers. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Autonomous vehicles