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1st International Symposium of Formal Methods Europe, FME 1993

作者： Bowen, Jonathan Stavridou, Victoria Oxford University Computing Laboratory Programming Research Group 11 Keble Road OxfordOX1 3QD United Kingdom Department of Computer Science Royal ttolloway University of London Egham SurreyTW20 0EX United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783540566625

Formal methods may be at the crossroads of acceptance by a wider industrial community. In order for the techniques to become widely used, the gap between theorists and practitioners must be bridged effectively. In particular, safety-critical systems offer an application area where formal methods may be engaged usefully to the benefit of all. This paper discusses some of the issues concerned with the general acceptance of formal methods and concludes with a summary of the current position and how the formal methods community could proceed to improve matters in the future. © 1993, Springer Verlag. All rights reserved.

关键词： Formal methods

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concurrent BOUNDARY-ELEMENT COMPUTATION

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMERICAL MODELLING-ELECTRONIC NETWORKS DEVICES AND FIELDS 1993年第2期6卷 83-98页

作者： MCDOWALL, DS LEE, TW FUSCO, VF Microwave Research Group Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The Queen's University of Belfast Ashby Building Stranmillis Road Belfast BT9 5AH Northern Ireland U.K. D. Stewart McDowall was born in Dublin epublic of Ireland in 1967. He received the M. Eng. degree in Electrical and Electronic Engineering from the Queen's University of Belfast in 1990. In the same year he was presented with a Distinction Award from the Department of Education of Northern Ireland and he is currently pursuing his Ph.D. in the Microwave Research Group at Q.U.B. His principal research area is the electromagnetic field mapping of microwave systems using concurrient programming. He is an Associate Member of the Institute of Electrical Engineers. Lee Thaim Wee was awarded the degree of B. Eng. in Electronics from the Queen's University of Belfast in July 1991. He is currently serving in the Malaysian Armed Forces. Vincent F. Fusco was educated at the Queen's Univeristy of Belfast where he obtained the degree of Ph.D. in 1982. He has worked as a research engineer on short-range radar and radio telementry systems. Currently he is a reader in Microwave Communications in the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science the Queen's Univeristy of Belfast. His current research interests include non-linear microwave circuit simulation and concurrent programming techniques for electromagnetic field problems with particular emphasis on EMC applications. He has published numerous research papers in these areas. He is the author of the bookMicrowave Circuits Analysis and Computer Aided Design Prentice-Hall 1987. Dr Fusco is a Chartered Electrical Engineer and a Member of the Institute of Electrical Engineers.

A major limitation of the boundary element method (BEM) for the solution of electrical potential problems is the long computational time required. However, a large portion of the calculations involved can be viewed as being parallel in nature and can therefore be computed concurrently. This paper makes an effort to increase the efficiency of the BEM process using transputer-based multiprocessor computing techniques. The algorithms developed may equally well be applied to any multiprocessor system. The application selected to demonstrate the technique is the solution of an electrostatic problem governed by a two-dimensional Laplace equation. A parallel algorithm for problem setup and field extraction using BEM is designed and implemented on a transputer array. Special attention is directed to the utilization of the parallel processors to achieve maximum efficiency. The analysis in this work concentrates on the communication strategies for passing data between processors as well as a consideration of the workload attributed to each processor. The parallel algorithms were implemented using 3L Parallel Fortran;however, the choice of topology for the overall BEM implementation was limited by the fact that certain parts of the algorithm could only utilize a pipeline configuration of processors. Comprehensive results for the parallel BEM algorithm are given and they are encouraging, indicating that parallel processing has much to offer when applied to the boundary element method.

关键词： Boundary element method

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TLM MODELING USING AN SIMD computer

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMERICAL MODELLING-ELECTRONIC NETWORKS DEVICES AND FIELDS 1993年第4期6卷 299-304页

作者： TAN, CC FUSCO, VF The Queen's University of Belfast Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering Ashby Building Stranmillis Road Belfast BT9 5AH U.K. Chun Chia Tan obtained a first-class honours degree from The Queen's University of Belfast. He was awarded an IEE prize for best final-year project. His current research interests include the modelling of electromagnetic fields using parallel processing techniques. At present Mr Tan is working as an electrical engineer in Malaysia. Vincent F. Fusco was educated at The Queen's University of Belfast where he obtained the degree of Ph.D. He has worked as a research engineer on short-range radar and radio telementry systems. Currently he is a Reader in Microwave Commnications in the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The Queen's Univeristy of Belfast. His current research interests include non-linear microwave circuit simulation and concurrent programming techniques for electromagnetic field problems. He has acted as consultant to a number of major companies and has published numerous research papers in these areas. He is author of the bookMicrowave Circuits Analysis and Computer Aided Design(Prentice Hall 1987). Dr Fusco is a Chartered Electrical Engineer and a Member of the Institute of Electrical Engineers.

A major limitation of the transmission-line matrix (TLM) method used to solve Maxwell's equations is the long computation time required. The TLM scattering calculations involved can, however, be viewed as parallel in nature. This paper describes an effort to reduce computational time by using an SIMD, DAP multiprocessor computer employed to solve a two-dimensional TLM electromagnetic field formulation. A parallel algorithm based on the TLM scattering algorithm is designed and implemented using FORTRAN-PLUS Enhanced on an AMT DAP 510 machine. Here the connectivity of the DAP is exploited to simulate the intrinsic scattering behaviour on which the TLM algorithm relies. The results show that parallel processing on an SIMD machine such as the DAP is advantageous, especially for higher-order mesh sizes.

关键词： Electric lines

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Computing with lattices: An application of type classes

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Journal of Functional programming 1992年第4期2卷 475-503页

作者： Jones, Mark P. Programming Research Group Oxford University UK Department of Computer Science Yale University Yale Station New Haven CT 06520-2158 PO Box 2158 United Kingdom

This paper presents a simple framework for performing calculations with the elements of (finite) lattices. A particular feature of this work is the use of type classes to enable the use of overloaded function symbols within a strongly typed language. Previous applications of type classes have been in areas that are of most interest to language implementors. This paper suggests that type classes might also be useful as a general tool in the development of clear and modular programs. © 1992, Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.

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Formal Methods and Software Safety

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1992年第30期25卷 93-98页

作者： J.P. Bowen V. Stavridou Oxford University Computing Laboratory Programming Research Group 11 Keble Road Oxford OX1 3QD UK Department of Computer Science Royal Holloway and Bedford New College University of London Egham Hill Egham Surrey TW20 0EX UK

The safety of software is becoming increasingly important as computers pervade control systems on which human life depends. Whilst hardware has become significantly more reliable over the years, the same cannot be said of software. This has become more complex and methods to ensure its correctness have been slow in development. One approach is to mathematically verify software in such systems. This paper investigates the industrial use of these techniques, their advantages and disadvantages, and the introduction of standards and their recommendations concerning formal methods in this area. The cost of safety is also considered.

关键词： Safety reliability system integrity standards education digital systems computer software formal languages industrial control software engineering

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An algebra for Delay-Insensitive circuits 2nd

An algebra for Delay-Insensitive circuits

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2nd International Conference on computer-Aided Verification, CAV 1990

作者： Josephs, Mark B. Udding, Jan Tijmen Programming Research Group Oxford University Computing Laboratory 11 Keble Road OxfordOX1 3QD United Kingdom Department of Computer Science Washington University Campus Box 1045 St. LouisMO63130 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783540544777

A novel process algebra is presented;algebraic expressions specify delay-insensitive circuits in terms of voltage-level transitions on wires. The approach appears to have several advantages over traditional state-graph and production-rule based methods. The wealth of algebraic laws makes it possible to specify circuits concisely and facilitates the verification of designs. Individual components can be composed into circuits in which signals along internal wires axe hidden from the environment. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1991.

关键词： Timing circuits

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Specification & verification of higher order processes 15th

Specification & verification of higher order processes

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15th Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of computer science, MFCS 1990

作者： Hansen, Michael R. Chao-Chen, Zhou Department of Computer Science Technical University of Denmark LyngbyDK-2800 Denmark Programming Research Group Oxford University United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783540529538

A system is a collection of processes connected by channels over which they communicate. We consider systems where processes can be communicated. We propose an extension to propositional temporal logic as specification language and an extension to CSP as programming notation for such higher order systems, and we give a sound compositional proof system for verifying that a process satisfies a specification. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1990.

关键词： Specifications

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Incremental generation of parsers 89

Incremental generation of parsers

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Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 1989 conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： J. Heering P. Klint J. Rekers Department of Software Technology Centre for Mathematics and Computer Science P. 0. Box 4079 1009 AB Amsterdam The Netherlands Programming Research Group University of Amsterdam P. 0. Box 4 7 882 1009 DB Amsterdam The Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9780897913065

An LR-based parser generator for arbitrary context-free grammars is described, which generates parsers by need and processes grammar modifications by updating already existing parsers. We motivate the need for these techniques in the context of interactive language definition environments, present all required algorithms, and give measurements comparing their performance with that of conventional techniques.

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Projections for strictness analysis 3rd

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3rd International Conference on Functional programming Languages and computer Architecture, 1987

作者： Wadler, Philip Hughes, R.J.M. Programming Research Group Oxford University United Kingdom Programming Methodology Group Chalmers University Göteborg Sweden Department of Computer Science University of Glasgow United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783540183174

Contexts have been proposed as a means of performing strictness analysis on non-flat domains. Roughly speaking, a context describes how much a sub-expression will be evaluated by the surrounding program. This paper shows how contexts can be represented using the notion of projection from domain theory. This is clearer than the previous explanation of contexts in terms of continuations. In addition, this paper describes finite domains of contexts over the non-flat list domain. This means that recursive context equations can be solved using standard fixpoint techniques, instead of the algebraic manipulation previously used. © 1987, Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Artificial intelligence

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Using definite clauses and integrity constraints as the basis for a theory formation approach to diagnostic reasoning 3rd

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3rd International Conference on Logic programming, ICLP 1986

作者： Goebel, Randy Furukawa, Koichi Poole, David Logic Programming and AI Group Department of Computer Science University of Waterloo WaterlooN2L 3GI Canada First Research Laboratory Inst. for New Generation Computer Technology 21F Mita Kokusai Bldg Minato-ku Tokyo108 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783540164920

If one desires that an automatic theory formation program detect inconsistency in a set of hypotheses, the Horn clause logic of Prolog is unsuitable as no contradiction is derivable. Full first order logic provides a suitably expressive alternative, but then requires a full first order theorem-prover as the basic theory construction mechanism. Here we present an alternative for augmenting definite clauses with the power to express potentially inconsistent scientific theories. The alternative is based on a partitioning of definite clauses into two categories: ordinary assertions, and integrity constraints. This classification provides the basis for a simple theory formation program. We here describe such a theory formation system based on Prolog, and show how it provides an interesting reformulation of rule-based diagnosis systems like MYCIN. © 1986, Springer-Verlag.

关键词： PROLOG (programming language)

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