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Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Bryan J. Ranger Micha Feigin Nikita Pestrov Xiang Zhang Victor Lempitsky Hugh M. Herr Brian W. Anthony the Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology Program Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard Medical School Cambridge MA 02139 USA the Department of Media Arts and Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA the Skolkovo Institute of Science and Techonology Skolkovo 143025 Russian Federation the Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA the Department of Media Arts and Sciences and Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology Program Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard Medical School Cambridge MA 02139 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424492695

Current methods of prosthetic socket fabrication remain subjective and ineffective at creating an interface to the human body that is both comfortable and functional. Though there has been recent success using methods like magnetic resonance imaging and biomechanical modeling, a low-cost, streamlined, and repeatable process has not been fully demonstrated. Medical ultrasonography, which has significant potential to expand its clinical applications, is being pursued to acquire data that may quantify and improve the design process and fabrication of prosthetic sockets. This paper presents a new multi-modal imaging approach for acquiring volumetric images of a human limb, specifically focusing on how motion of the limb is compensated for using optical imagery.

关键词： human body that limb is compensated using optical imagery

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Inferring nonstationary gene networks from temporal gene expression data

Inferring nonstationary gene networks from temporal gene exp...

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IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Systems (SIPS)

作者： Hsun-Hsien Chang Jonathan J. Smith Marco F. Ramoni Children's Hospital Informatics Program Harvard MIT Division Health Sciences and Technology Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Department of Mathematics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA

Reverse-engineering transcriptional networks from longitudinal expression profiles is a crucial step towards the study of gene regulatory mechanisms. Genes dynamically orchestrate to each other, the stationarity assumption made by existing methods of transcriptional interaction inference is no longer adequate. As such, we need a new approach to handle the nonstationary behavior in gene expression. On the other hand, microarrays for human studies are equipped with a large number of probe sets, leading the inference of dynamic networks to a computationally intensive task. Hence, there is a need to design the inference algorithm in a tractable manner. This paper develops a Bayesian network approach to inferring the nonstationary transcriptional interactions. The applications of our approach to a clinical study of mechanical periodontal therapy demonstrates a significant improvement over stationary models. Our nonstationary network model also explains the anti-inflammatory effect of mechanical periodontal therapy.

关键词： Medical treatment Gene expression Bioinformatics Biological system modeling Markov processes Mathematical model Bayesian methods

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Probabilistic models and inference algorithms for neuronal decoding of UP and DOWN states

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BMC Neuroscience 2008年第1期9卷 1-2页

作者： Zhe Chen Riccardo Barbieri Emery N Brown Sujith Vijayan Matthew A Wilson Neuroscience Statistics Research Lab Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA 02114 USA Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences MIT Cambridge MA 02139 USA Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA Program in Neuroscience Harvard University Cambridge MA 02139 USA

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Is the Reduction of Dimensionality to a Small Number of Features Always Necessary in Constructing Predictive Models for Analysis of Complex Diseases or Behaviours?

Is the Reduction of Dimensionality to a Small Number of Feat...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Amin Zollanvari Nancy L. Saccone Laura J. Bierut Marco F. Ramoni Gil Alterovitz Children's Hospital Informatics Program at the Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology Harvard Medical School and Partners Healthcare Center for Personalized Genetic Medicine Department of Genetics Washington University School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine Children's Hospital Informatics Program at the Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology Harvard Medical School Partners Healthcare Center for Personalized Genetic Medicine

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441211

Gene expression and genome wide association data have provided researchers the opportunity to study many complex traits and diseases. When designing prognostic and predictive models capable of phenotypic classification in this area, significant reduction of dimensionality through stringent filtering and/or feature selection is often deemed imperative. Here, this work challenges this presumption through both theoretical and empirical analysis. This work demonstrates that by a proper compromise between structure of the selected model and the number of features, one is able to achieve better performance even in large dimensionality. The inclusion of many genes/variants in the classification rules can help shed new light on the analysis of complex traitstraits that are typically determined by many causal variants with small effect size.

关键词： dimensionality reduction Prediction models Size effect Analysis

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A theoretical model of acousto-optic modulated diffuse correlation spectroscopy

A theoretical model of acousto-optic modulated diffuse corre...

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Clinical and Translational Biophotonics, Translational 2020

作者： Robinson, mitchell B. Sakadžić, Sava Carp, Stefan A. Boas, David A. Franceschini, Maria Angela Optics at Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School 149 13th St. CharlestownMA United States Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave CambridgeMA United States Neurophotonics Center Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston University 610 Commonwealth Avenue BostonMA United States

In-vivo, optical measurements of cerebral blood flow are confounded by superficial blood flow. Here, we present acousto-optic modulated diffuse correlation spectroscopy (AOM-DCS) for blood flow monitoring, showing goo... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580743

关键词： Blood

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Digital holographic otoscope for measurements of the human tympanic membrane in-vivo

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2012 Annual Conference on Experimental and Applied Mechanics

作者： Dobrev, I. Harrington, E.J. Cheng, T. Furlong, C. Rosowski, J.J. Mechanical Engineering Department NanoEngineering Science and Technology - NEST Worcester Polytechnic Institute 100 Institute Road Worcester MA 01609 United States Eaton-Peabody Lab. Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary 243 Charles Street Boston MA United States Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology Program MIT-Harvard Division of Health Sciences and Technology Cambridge MA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781461442349

We are developing an advanced computer-controlled digital optoelectronic holographic system (DOEHS) with the ability to measure both shape and acoustically induced deformations of the tympanic membrane of several species, including humans. The DOEHS is to be deployed for use in the clinic. The clinical environment presents numerous challenges such as disturbances due to patient's heartbeat, breathing, patient's tremor as well as environmentally induced mechanical vibrations of several orders of magnitude larger (1-10 Hz, 0.1-10 μm) than the nanometer measuring resolution of the system. Design and optimization of the system for clinical use includes the development of a mechatronic otoscope positioner (MOP) system that allows for the interferometric otoscope head (OH) to be easily positioned near a patient's ear by an examiner and autonomously maintain mechanical stability during the duration of holographic measurements. In addition, we are also developing and implementing various acquisition strategies and algorithms for minimization of measurement disturbances in clinical conditions. The deployment and use of the MOP in a clinical environment allows for a large versatility of measurements while providing a wide range of completely new type of information regarding the properties of the TM and the state of a patients' hearing. The system will greatly help improve the quality of the treatments applied to the human middle-ear. ©The Society for Experimental Mechanics, Inc. 2013.

关键词： Mechanical stability

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Experimental temperature monitoring and coagulation detection using ultrasound-stimulated acoustic emission

Experimental temperature monitoring and coagulation detectio...

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IEEE Symposium (IUS) Ultrasonics

作者： E. Konofagou J. Thierman K. Hynynen Ultrasound Laboratory Department of Radiology Brigham and Women''s Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Harvard MIT division Health Sciences and Technology Program Cambridge MA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780371771

Due to the high variability of tissue effects during sonication, temperature monitoring is one of the most crucial components for accurate thermal treatment of tissues with focused ultrasound (FUS) and other thermotherapy devices. Since the technique of ultrasound-stimulated acoustic emission (USAE) depends on the acoustic and mechanical properties, which both vary with temperature, it is hypothesized that the USAE signal is also temperature-dependent and in such a way that it can be used to guide thermal therapy. Therefore, in this paper, the dependence of USAE on tissue temperature is determined. In a series of experiments, where the same transducer is used for heating and USAE application, porcine muscle and fat samples are exposed to ultrasound at acoustical power levels of 6.6, 10.6 and 17.2 W over a period of 60-200 s that induce temperature elevation. In both tissue types, below the coagulation threshold, the USAE amplitude was found to vary quasi-linearly with temperature. However, at higher powers resulting in temperature above 55/spl deg/C that is beyond the coagulation threshold the correlation with temperature was lost due mainly to the irreversible nature of the changes in the tissue properties.

关键词： Temperature measurement Temperature sensors Coagulation Ultrasonic imaging Medical treatment Acoustic emission Temperature dependence Acoustic signal detection Acoustic devices Mechanical factors

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Ultrasound surgery monitoring using vibroacoustography-a simulation study

Ultrasound surgery monitoring using vibroacoustography-a sim...

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IEEE Symposium (IUS) Ultrasonics

作者： E. Konofagou J. Thierman K. Hynynen Ultrasound Laboratory Department of Radiology Brigham and Women''s Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Harvard-MIT Division Health Sciences and Technology Program Cambridge MA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780363655

Similar to other therapeutic methods, ultrasound surgery requires an imaging modality to monitor the extent of tissue damage during treatment. Currently, MRI is considered the gold standard method for monitoring tissue ablation, but it is considered to be costly and restrictive in its applications. In this paper, we considered the method of ultrasound-stimulated acoustic emission that uses two ultrasonic beams at high frequency (MHz) (same as that used for ablation) to locally perturb the tissue by generating a low difference frequency (kHz) radiation force. Recording of the tissue response at several locations yields an image. The amplitude of the tissue response depends on the mechanical and acoustic tissue properties, namely its stiffness and absorption. Those two properties were initially hypothesized to have opposite effects in the response amplitude, i.e., the amplitude should increase with absorption and decrease with stiffness. To check this hypothesis as well as the degree to which those properties influence the response, finite-element simulations of a uniform lesion formed in a homogeneous medium were used. The results show that the hypothesis holds at lower frequencies. At resonance and higher frequencies, those two properties have a synergistic effect on the tissue response to the applied radiation force.

关键词： Ultrasonic imaging Surgery Monitoring Frequency Absorption Acoustic imaging Tissue damage Magnetic resonance imaging Gold Acoustic emission

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HBO1 functions as an epigenetic barrier to hepatocyte plasticity and reprogramming during liver injury

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Cell Stem Cell 2025年

作者： Wei-Chien Yuan Andrew S. Earl Sai Ma Karel Alcedo Jacquelyn O. Russell Fabiana M. Duarte Yen-Ting Chu Pei-Chi Chang Hsin-Yi Chen Hsin-Hui Chi Qian Zhu Alejo E. Rodriguez-Fraticelli Sachin H. Patel Yu-Ru Lee Jason D. Buenrostro Fernando D. Camargo Stem Cell Program Boston Children’s Hospital Boston MA 02115 USA Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei 112304 Taiwan Cancer and Immunology Research Center National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei 112304 Taiwan Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA 02142 USA Department of Biology Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02142 USA Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY 10026 USA Institute of Biomedical Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei 115201 Taiwan Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston MA 02215 USA Lester Sue Smith Breast Center Department of Molecular and Human Genetics 1 Baylor Plaza Houston TX 77030 USA

Hepatocytes can reprogram into biliary epithelial cells (BECs) during liver injury, but the underlying epigenetic mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we define the chromatin dynamics of this process using single-cell ATAC-seq and identify YAP/TEAD activation as a key driver of chromatin remodeling. An in vivo CRISPR screen highlights the histone acetyltransferase HBO1 as a critical barrier to reprogramming. HBO1 is recruited by YAP to target loci, where it promotes histone H3 lysine 14 acetylation (H3K14ac) and engages the chromatin reader zinc-finger MYND-type containing 8 (ZMYND8) to suppress YAP/TEAD-driven transcription. Loss of HBO1 accelerates chromatin remodeling, enhances YAP binding, and enables a more complete hepatocyte-to-BEC transition. Our findings position HBO1 as an epigenetic brake that restrains YAP-mediated reprogramming, suggesting that targeting HBO1 may enhance hepatocyte plasticity for liver regeneration.

关键词： HBO1 Hippo-YAP epigenetic regulation hepatocyte reprogramming in vivo CRISPR screen

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Laser pulse shaping to increase brain blood flow sensitivity of time-domain diffuse correlation spectroscopy

Laser pulse shaping to increase brain blood flow sensitivity...

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Clinical and Translational Biophotonics, Translational 2020

作者： Carp, Stefan A. Peruch, Adriano Tamborini, Davide Mazumder, Dibbyan Wu, Melissa M. Chan, Suk-Tak Robinson, mitchell Qu, Jason Z. Delpont, Guillaume Schoenau, Thomas Bourdon, Alain Franceschini, Maria A. Optics Division Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School CharlestownMA02129 United States Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School BostonMA02115 United States PicoQuant GmbH Berlin Germany PicoQuant USA West SpringfieldMA United States

Time-domain diffuse correlation spectroscopy (TD-DCS) aims to increase cerebral blood flow (CBF) sensitivity by discriminating photon time of flight. We report on the optimization of the laser pulse shape to maximize ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580743

关键词： Blood

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