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Proceedings of the ACM SIGMETRICS/international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems

作者： Zhibin Yu Lieven Eeckhout Nilanjan Goswami Tao Li Lizy John Hai Jin Chengzhong Xu Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China ELIS Department Ghent University Ghent Belgium Intelligent Design of Efficient Architectures Lab University of Florida Gainesville USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas at Austin Austin USA Service Computing Technologies and System Lab/Cluster and Grid Computing Lab HUST Wuhan China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Wayne State University Detroit USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450319003

Recently, graphics processing units (GPUs) have opened up new opportunities for speeding up general-purpose parallel applications due to their massive computational power and up to hundreds of thousands of threads enabled by programming models such as CUDA. However, due to the serial nature of existing micro-architecture simulators, these massively parallel architectures and workloads need to be simulated sequentially. As a result, simulating GPGPU architectures with typical benchmarks and input data sets is extremely time-consuming. This paper addresses the GPGPU architecture simulation challenge by generating miniature, yet representative GPGPU kernels. We first summarize the static characteristics of an existing GPGPU kernel in a profile, and analyze its dynamic behavior using the novel concept of the divergence flow statistics graph (DFSG). We subsequently use a GPGPU kernel synthesizing framework to generate a miniature proxy of the original kernel, which can reduce simulation time significantly. The key idea is to reduce the number of simulated instructions by decreasing per-thread iteration counts of loops. Our experimental results show that our approach can accelerate GPGPU architecture simulation by a factor of 88X on average and up to 589X with an average IPC relative error of 5.6%.

关键词： micro-architecture simulation performance general purpose graphics processing unit (GPGPU)

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Radio tomographic imaging and tracking of stationary and moving people via kernel distance

Radio tomographic imaging and tracking of stationary and mov...

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International Symposium on Information Processing in Sensor Networks (IPSN)

作者： Yang Zhao Neal Patwari Jeff M. Phillips Suresh Venkatasubramanian GE Global Research Sensor and Signal Analytics Lab Niskayuna NY USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA School of Computing University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA

Network radio frequency (RF) environment sensing (NRES) systems pinpoint and track people in buildings using changes in the signal strength measurements made by a wireless sensor network. It has been shown that such systems can locate people who do not participate in the system by wearing any radio device, even through walls, because of the changes that moving people cause to the static wireless sensor network. However, many such systems cannot locate stationary people. We present and evaluate a system which can locate stationary or moving people, without calibration, by using kernel distance to quantify the difference between two histograms of signal strength measurements. From five experiments, we show that our kernel distance-based radio tomographic localization system performs better than the state-of-the-art NRES systems in different non line-of-sight environments.

关键词： Educational institutions Abstracts Radio frequency Kernel Histograms Imaging

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VMckpt:lightweight and live virtual machine checkpointing

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2012年第12期55卷 2865-2880页

作者： LIU HaiKun 1,JIN Hai 1,LIAO XiaoFei 1,MA Bo 1 & XU ChengZhong 2 1 Services computing Technology and System lab,Cluster and Grid computing lab,School of computer Science and Technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China 2 department of electrical and computer engineering,Wayne State University,Detroit,MI 48202,USA 1. Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China2. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Wayne State University Detroit MI [48202 USA

Recent advance of virtualization technology provides a new approach to check-point/restart at the virtual machine(VM) *** contrast to traditional process-level checkpointing,checkpointing at the virtualization layer brings up several advantages,such as compatibility,transparence,flexibility and ***,because the virtualization layer has little semantic knowledge about the operation system and the applications running atop,VM-layer checkpointing requires saving the entire operating system state rather than a single *** overhead may render the approach *** reduce the size of VM checkpoint,in this paper we propose a page eviction scheme and an incremental checkpointing mechanism to avoid saving unnecessary VM pages in the *** keep the system online transparently,we propose a live checkpointing mechanism by saving the memory image in a copy-on-write(COW) *** implement the performance optimization mechanisms in a prototype system,called *** results with a group of representative applications show that our page eviction scheme and incremental checkpointing can significantly reduce the checkpoint file size by up to 87% and shorten the total checkpointing/restart time by a factor of up to 71%,in comparison with the Xens default checkpointing *** observed application downtimes due to checkpointing can be reduced to as small as 300 ms.

关键词： checkpoint/restart copy-on-write page eviction virtual machine

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A design assembly framework for FPGA back-end acceleration

A design assembly framework for FPGA back-end acceleration

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International Conference on Reconfigurable computing and FPGAs (ReConFig)

作者： Tannous Frangieh Peter Athanas NSF Center for High-Performance Recongurable Computing (CHREC) Configurable Computing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Technology Blacksburg VA USA

Long wait times constitute a bottleneck limiting the number of compilation runs performed in a day, thus risking to restrict FPGA adaptation in modern computing platforms. This work presents an FPGA development paradigm as a means to increase FPGA productivity. The practical tasks of logic partitioning, placement and routing are examined and a resulting assembly framework, qFlow, is implemented. Experiments show up to 7x speed-ups using the proposed paradigm compared to the vendor tool flows.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays Table lookup Assembly Routing Productivity Hardware Acceleration

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Utilizing RFID-WSNs for reducing the footprint of the Oil Sands industry

Utilizing RFID-WSNs for reducing the footprint of the Oil Sa...

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2012 IEEE Globecom Workshops, GC Wkshps 2012

作者： Al-Fagih, Ashraf Kouche, Ahmad El Oteafy, Sharief Alma'Aitah, Abdallah Telecommunications Research Lab School of Computing Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Queen's University Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Queen's University Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781467349413

In harsh operational conditions, machines lose components on a frequent basis, causing a significant footprint to the surrounding environment. This affects operational up-time, safety measures and cost effectiveness. This paper proposes the use of an integrated RFID-WSN architecture to reduce the footprint of mining equipment used in the Canadian Oil Sands industry. Sensors and RFID tags provide both identification and positioning data for detecting broken parts from Ground Engaging Tools (GETs), such as huge shovel teeth. A delay-tolerant delivery approach utilizes mobile couriers, placed on loading trucks available in the vicinity, to store and carry data from readers and relays to remote base-stations. Delivering data in such harsh mining environments poses several challenges including power scarcity, vast transmission distances and the lack of an accessible communication infrastructure. We provide a use case to demonstrate how this architecture successfully overcomes these challenges within the harsh industrial environment of the Oil Sands. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks

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A GPU-based accelerator for chinese word segmentation

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14th Asia Pacific Web Technology Conference, APWeb 2012

作者： Gu, Xiwu Li, Ruixuan Wen, Kunmei Peng, Bei Xiao, Weijun Intelligent and Distributed Computing Lab College of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota twin cities 200 Union Street SE Minneapolis MN 55455 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783642292521

The task of Chinese word segmentation is to split sequence of Chinese characters into tokens so that the Chinese information can be more easily retrieved by web search engine. Due to the dramatic increase in the amount of Chinese literature in recent years, it becomes a big challenge for web search engines to analyze massive Chinese information in time. In this paper, we investigate a new approach to high-performance Chinese information processing. We propose a CPU-GPU collaboration model for Chinese word segmentation. In our novel model, a dictionary-based word segmentation approach is proposed to fit GPU architecture. Three basic word segmentation algorithms are applied to evaluate the performance of this model. In addition, we present several optimization strategies to fully exploit the potential computing power of GPU. Our experimental results show that our model can achieve significant performance speedups up to 3-fold compared with the implementations on CPU. © 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Graphics processing unit

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Unifying software and product configuration: A research roadmap

Unifying software and product configuration: A research road...

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Workshop on Configuration at ECAI, ConfWS 2012

作者： Hubaux, Arnaud Jannach, Dietmar Drescher, Conrad Murta, Leonardo Männistö, Tomi Czarnecki, Krzysztof Heymans, Patrick Nguyen, Tien Zanker, Markus PReCISE Research Center University of Namur Belgium Department of Computer Science TU Dortmund Germany Computing Laboratory University of Oxford United Kingdom Fluminense Federal University Niterói Brazil Aalto University School of Science Finland Generative Software Development Lab University of Waterloo Canada Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Iowa State University United States Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt Austria

For more than 30 years, knowledge-based product configuration systems have been successfully applied in many industrial domains. Correspondingly, a large number of advanced techniques and algorithms have been developed in academia and industry to support different aspects of configuration reasoning. While traditional research in the field focused on the configuration of physical artefacts, recognition of the business value of customizable software products led to the emergence of software product line engineering. Despite the significant overlap in research interests, the two fields mainly evolved in isolation. Only limited attempts were made at combining the approaches developed in the different fields. In this paper, we first aim to give an overview of commonalities and differences between software product line engineering and product configuration. We then identify opportunities for cross-fertilization between these fields and finally develop a research agenda to combine their respective techniques. Ultimately, this should lead to a unified configuration approach.

关键词： Knowledge based systems

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Facial Action Detection Using Block-Based Pyramid Appearance Descriptors

Facial Action Detection Using Block-Based Pyramid Appearance...

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IEEE International Conference on and IEEE International Confernece on Social computing (SocialCom) Privacy, Security, Risk and Trust (PASSAT)

作者： Bihan Jiang Michel F. Valstar Maja Pantic Department of Computing Imperial College London UK Mixed Reality Lab School of Computer Science University of Nottingham UK Faculty of Electrical Engineering University of Twente Netherlands

Facial expression is one of the most important non-verbal behavioural cues in social signals. Constructing an effective face representation from images is an essential step for successful facial behaviour analysis. Most existing face descriptors operate on the same scale, and do not leverage coarse v.s. fine methods such as image pyramids. In this work, we propose the sparse appearance descriptors Block-based Pyramid Local Binary Pattern (B-PLBP) and Block-based Pyramid Local Phase Quantisation (B-PLPQ). The effectiveness of our proposed descriptors is evaluated by a real-time facial action recognition system. The performance of B-PLBP and B-PLPQ is also compared with Block-based Local Binary Patterns (B-LBP) and Block-based Local Phase Quantisation (B-LPQ). The system proposed here enables detection a much larger range of facial behaviour by detecting 22 facial muscle actions (Action Units, AUs), which can be practically applied for social behaviour analysis and synthesis. Results show that our proposed descriptor B-PLPQ outperforms all other tested methods for the problem of FACS Action Unit analysis and that systems which utilise a pyramid representation outperform those that use basic appearance descriptors.

关键词： Face Histograms Feature extraction Kernel Gold Support vector machines Face recognition

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Survivable Virtual Infrastructure Mapping in Virtualized Data Centers

Survivable Virtual Infrastructure Mapping in Virtualized Dat...

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IEEE International Conference on Cloud computing, CLOUD

作者： Jielong Xu Jian Tang Kevin Kwiat Weiyi Zhang Guoliang Xue Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at Syracuse University Air Force Research Lab (AFRL) AT&T Labs Research School of Computing Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering at Arizona State University

In a virtualized data center, survivability can be enhanced by creating redundant Virtual Machines (VMs) as backup for VMs such that after VM or server failures, affected services can be quickly switched over to backup VMs. To enable flexible and efficient resource management, we propose to use a service-aware approach in which multiple correlated VMs and their backups are grouped together to form a Survivable Virtual Infrastructure (SVI) for a service or a tenant. A fundamental problem in such a system is to determine how to map each SVI to a physical data center network such that operational costs are minimized subject to the constraints that each VM's resource requirements are met and bandwidth demands between VMs can be guaranteed before and after failures. This problem can be naturally divided into two sub-problems: VM Placement(VMP) and Virtual Link Mapping (VLM). We present a general optimization framework for this mapping problem. Then we present an efficient algorithm for the VMP sub problem as well as a polynomial-time algorithm that optimally solves the VLM sub problem, which can be used as subroutines in the framework. We also present an effective heuristic algorithm that jointly solves the two sub problems. It has been shown by extensive simulation results based on the real VM data traces collected from the green data center at Syracuse University that compared with the First Fit Descending (FFD) and single shortest path based baseline algorithm, both our VMP+VLM algorithm and joint algorithm significantly reduce the reserved bandwidth, and yield comparable results in terms of the number of active servers.

关键词： Servers Bandwidth Heuristic algorithms Cloud computing Joining processes Virtual machining

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Utilizing RFID-WSNs for reducing the footprint of the Oil Sands industry

Utilizing RFID-WSNs for reducing the footprint of the Oil Sa...

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IEEE Globecom Workshops

作者： Ashraf Al-Fagih Ahmad El Kouche Sharief Oteafy Abdallah Alma'aitah Telecommunications Research Laboratory School of Computing Queens University Kingston ONT Canada Information and Computer Science Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia Telecommunications Research Lab School of Computing Kingston Ontario Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Queen's University Kingston Ontario Canada

关键词： Temperature sensors Radiofrequency identification Temperature measurement Hydrocarbons Monitoring Vibrations

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