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Scalable Δ -AGC Logic for Enhanced Electromechanical Oscillation Damping in Modern Power systems With Utility-Scale Photovoltaic Generators

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 95288-95306页

作者： Rajan Ratnakumar Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy Holcombe Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Clemson University Clemson SC USA Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa

Power systems with utility-scale solar photovoltaic (PV) can significantly influence the operating points (OPs) of synchronous generators, particularly during periods of high solar PV generation. A sudden drop in solar PV output due to cloud cover or other transient conditions will alter the generation of synchronous generators shifting their OPs. These shifted OPs can become a challenge for stability as the system may operate closer to its stability limits. If a disturbance occurs while the system is operating at the shifted OP, with reduced stability margins, it will be more vulnerable to increased oscillations, loss of synchronism of its generator(s) and system instability. This study introduces a scalable $\Delta $ -automatic generation control ( $\Delta $ -AGC) logic method designed to address stability challenges arising from shifts in the OPs of synchronous generators during abrupt drops in PV generation. By temporarily adjusting the OPs of synchronous generators through modification of their participation factors (PFs) in the AGC logic dispatch, the proposed method enhances power system stability. The proposed $\Delta $ -AGC logic method focuses on the optimal determination of $\Delta PFs$ in power systems with large number of generators, using the concept of coherency and employing a hierarchical optimization strategy that includes both inter-coherent and intra-coherent group optimization. Additionally, a new electromechanical oscillation index (EMOI), integrating both time response analysis (TRA) and frequency response analysis (FRA), is utilized as an online situational awareness tool (SAT) for optimizing the system’s stability under various conditions. This online SAT has been implemented in a decentralized manner at the area level, limiting wide-area communication overheads and any cybersecurity concerns. The $\Delta $ -AGC logic method is illustrated on a modified IEEE 68 bus system, incorporating large utility-scale solar PV plants, and is validated t

关键词： Power system stability Generators Logic Synchronous generators Oscillators Damping Automatic generation control Stability criteria Real-time systems Photovoltaic systems

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Mutual information oriented deep skill chaining for multi‐agent reinforcement learning

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第4期9卷 1014-1030页

作者： Zaipeng Xie Cheng Ji Chentai Qiao WenZhan Song Zewen Li Yufeng Zhang Yujing Zhang Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology of Ministry of Water Resources Hohai UniversityNanjingChina College of Computer and Information Hohai UniversityNanjingChina Center for Cyber‐Physical Systems University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA Information Networking Institute Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA

Multi‐agent reinforcement learning relies on reward signals to guide the policy networks of individual ***,in high‐dimensional continuous spaces,the non‐stationary environment can provide outdated experiences that hinder convergence,resulting in ineffective training performance for multi‐agent *** tackle this issue,a novel reinforcement learning scheme,Mutual Information Oriented Deep Skill Chaining(MioDSC),is proposed that generates an optimised cooperative policy by incorporating intrinsic rewards based on mutual information to improve exploration *** rewards encourage agents to diversify their learning process by engaging in actions that increase the mutual information between their actions and the environment *** addition,MioDSC can generate cooperative policies using the options framework,allowing agents to learn and reuse complex action sequences and accelerating the convergence speed of multi‐agent *** was evaluated in the multi‐agent particle environment and the StarCraft multi‐agent challenge at varying difficulty *** experimental results demonstrate that MioDSC outperforms state‐of‐the‐art methods and is robust across various multi‐agent system tasks with high stability.

关键词： artificial intelligence techniques decision making intelligent multi‐agent systems

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Optimal Price-maker Trading Strategy of Wind Power Producer Using Virtual Bidding

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2022年第3期10卷 766-778页

作者： Dongliang Xiao Mohamed Kareem AlAshery Wei Qiao IEEE Power and Energy Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588-0511USA School of Electric Power South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China

This paper proposes a stochastic optimization model for generating the optimal price-maker trading strategy for a wind power producer using virtual bidding,which is a kind of financial tool available in most electricity markets of the United *** the proposed model,virtual bidding is used to improve the wind power producer’s market power in the dayahead(DA)market by trading at multiple buses,which are not limited to the locations of the wind *** optimal joint wind power and virtual trading strategy is generated by solving a bi-level nonlinear stochastic optimization *** upperlevel problem maximizes the total expected profit of the wind power and virtual bidding while using the conditional value at risk(CVa R)for risk *** lower-level problem represents the clearing process of the DA *** using the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker(KKT)conditions,duality theory,and big-M method,the bi-level nonlinear stochastic model is firstly transferred into an equivalent single-level stochastic mathematical program with the equilibrium constraints(MPEC)model and then a mixed-integer linear programming(MILP)model,which can be solved by existing commercial *** reduce the computational cost of solving the proposed stochastic optimization model for large systems,a method of reducing the number of buses considered for virtual bidding is proposed to simplify the stochastic MPEC model by reducing its decision variables and constraints related to virtual *** studies are performed to show the effectiveness of the proposed model and the method of reducing the number of buses considered for virtual *** impacts of the transmission limits,wind unit location,risk aversion parameters,wind power volatility,and wind and virtual capacities on the price-maker trading strategy are also studied through case studies.

关键词： Bi-level optimization electricity market risk management stochastic optimization virtual bidding wind power

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Polarization-induced photocurrent switching effect in heterojunction photodiodes

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Nano Research 2023年第4期16卷 5503-5510页

作者： Dingbo Chen Yu-Chang Chen Guang Zeng Yu-Chun Li Xiao-Xi Li Dong Li Chao Shen Nan Chi Boon S.Ooi David Wei Zhang Hong-Liang Lu State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics&SystemsSchool of MicroelectronicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves Department of Communication Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Photonics Laboratory Division of ComputerElectricaland Mathematical Sciences and EngineeringKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The unipolar photocurrent in conventional photodiodes(PDs)based on photovoltaic effect limits the output modes and potential versatility of these devices in *** photodiodes with photocurrent switching are emerging as a promising solution for obtaining photoelectric devices with unique and attractive functions,such as optical logic ***,we design an all-solid-state chip-scale ultraviolet(UV)PD based on a hybrid GaN heterojunction with engineered bipolar polarized electric *** introducing the polarization-induced photocurrent switching effect,the photocurrent direction can be switched in response to the wavelength of incident light at 0 V *** particular,the photocurrent direction exhibits negative when the irradiation wavelength is less than 315 nm,but positive when the wavelength is longer than 315 *** device shows a responsivity of up to−6.7 mA/W at 300 nm and 5.3 mA/W at 340 nm,*** particular,three special logic gates in response to different dual UV light inputs are demonstrated via a single bipolar PD,which may be beneficial for future multifunctional UV photonic integrated devices and systems.

关键词： GaN heterostructure ultraviolet(UV)photodiodes bipolar photocurrent optical logic device

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On Space-Filling Input Design for Nonlinear Dynamic Model Learning: A Gaussian Process Approach

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Liu, Yuhan Kiss, Máté Tóth, Roland Schoukens, Maarten Control Systems Group Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven5600 MB Netherlands Systems and Control Laboratory HUN-REN Institute for Computer Science and Control Budapest1111 Hungary

While optimal input design for linear systems has been well-established, no systematic approach exists for nonlinear systems, where robustness to extrapolation/interpolation errors is prioritized over minimizing estimated parameter variance. To address this issue, we develop a novel identification-oriented space-filling input design strategy for efficient covering of a well-defined region of interest. By placing a Gaussian Process (GP) prior on the joint input-state space, the proposed strategy leverages the GP posterior variance to construct a space-filling promoting input design cost function from the Bayesian point of view. This accordingly enables maximization of the coverage in the region of interest, thereby facilitating the generation of informative datasets. Furthermore, we theoretically prove that minimization of the cost function indicates the space-filling behavior. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is demonstrated on both an academic example and a mass-spring-damper system, highlighting its potential practical impact on efficient exploration in identification scenarios for nonlinear dynamical systems. © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Cost functions

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Accelerated Saddle Flow Dynamics for Bilinearly Coupled Minimax Problems 63

Accelerated Saddle Flow Dynamics for Bilinearly Coupled Mini...

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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and control, CDC 2024

作者： Liu, Yingzhu Mallada, Enrique Li, Zhongkui You, Pengcheng Peking University College of Engineering Beijing China Peking University State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems Beijing China Johns Hopkins University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering BaltimoreMD United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

Minimax problems have attracted much attention due to various applications in constrained optimization problems and zero-sum games. Identifying saddle points within these problems is crucial, and saddle flow dynamics offer a straightforward yet useful approach. This study focuses on a class of bilinearly coupled minimax problems with strongly convex-linear objective functions. We design an accelerated algorithm based on saddle flow dynamics, achieving a convergence rate beyond the stereotype limit (the strong convexity constant). The algorithm is derived from a sequential two-step transformation of a given objective function. First, a change of variables is applied to render the objective function better-conditioned, introducing strong concavity (from linearity) while preserving strong convexity. Second, proximal regularization, when staggered with the first step, further enhances the strong convexity of the objective function by shifting some of the obtained strong concavity. After these transformations, saddle flow dynamics based on the new objective function can be tuned for accelerated exponential convergence. Besides, such an approach can be extended to weakly convex-weakly concave functions and still guarantees exponential convergence to one stationary point. The theory is verified by a numerical test on an affine equality-constrained convex optimization problem. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Constrained optimization

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Policy for Optimal Avoidance of Multiple Engagement Zones

Policy for Optimal Avoidance of Multiple Engagement Zones

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AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition, AIAA SciTech Forum 2025

作者： Milutinović, Dejan Von Moll, Alexander Weintraub, Isaac E. Casbeer, David Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa Cruz Santa CruzCA95064 United States Control Science Center Air Force Research Laboratory WPAFB OH45433 United States

ISBN: (数字)9781624107238

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107238

This work formulates the feedback control strategies for vehicles to reach a goal point amongst a field of dynamic risk regions. Whereas previous work has considered deterministic versions of this problem, we consider the scenario in the context of uncertainty. This uncertainty could be due to unknown wind or other external disturbances. The risk regions’ dynamics are tightly coupled to the state of the vehicle and as a result the task of navigating through a field dynamically changes as the vehicle traverses through it. Rather than using a nonlinear program solver, the approach taken here is one of formulating the problem as a stochastic optimal control problem wherein a feedback control law is derived. This feedback control law allows a single or multiple vehicles to reach the desired goal location efficiently and with minimal risk incursion. When inside a risk region, there is a probability rate of the vehicle being neutralized. The stochastic dynamical system is modeled as a hybrid system, i.e., regime switching diffusion. The hybrid system is comprised of continuous spatial dynamics and discrete operational states corresponding to "normal" and "neutralized". The optimal control problem is discretized into a field of vehicle states and control. Using Value Iteration, the control signal at each discrete location is optimized, providing a feedback control strategy over the field. Following a discussion of the methods and approaches, this problem is formulated, simulations are performed, and conclusions and remarks are made © 2025, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Design, Development and Deployment of an Underwater Cellular Network

Design, Development and Deployment of an Underwater Cellular...

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OCEANS 2024 - Halifax, OCEANS 2024

作者： Etter, Simon Ignatius, Manu Pendharkar, Chinmay Tan, Esther Chitre, Mandar Long, Jackie Ng Chun Teck, Lim Jie, Jay Poh Jin Subnero Pte. Ltd. Singapore National University of Singapore Acoustic Research Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Singapore St Engineering Unmanned & Integrated Systems Pte. Ltd. Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540081

In today's rapidly evolving technological landscape, the need for efficient and reliable remote monitoring of under-water assets has never been more critical. A subsea cellular network solution ensures seamless connectivity and real-time data access to underwater assets such as marine robots and subsea IoT sensors, empowering organizations to optimize their operations and enhance asset management. With this need in mind, we present an underwater cellular network system that facilitates seamless communication with an arbitrary number of underwater assets and at the same time provides zero-overhead localization of the same. The presented system was tested out at sea in January 2024, and this paper describes in detail both the theoretical design of the system and the practical experience gained during these trials. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile telecommunication systems

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Experimental observation of coherent-perfect-absorber and laser points in anti-PT symmetry

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Physical Review A 2024年第3期110卷 033504页

作者： Minye Yang Qi Zhong Zhilu Ye Şahin K. Özdemir Mohamed Farhat Ramy El-Ganainy Pai-Yen Chen State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering School of Electronic Science and Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics The Materials Research Institute Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division Department of Physics Henes Center for Quantum Phenomena

The coexistence of coherent perfect absorber and laser or amplifier (CPAL) point is a peculiar spectral singularity associated with the scattering matrices of non-Hermitian systems. While the potential of CPAL systems for sensing application has been highlighted recently, the extreme sensitivity of parity-time (PT)-symmetric CPAL devices to the input signal deviations has so far impeded their practical utilization. Here we explore a strategy for implementing CPAL circuits by exploiting another type of non-Hermitian symmetry, namely anti-PT (APT) symmetry. We demonstrate that the condition for building CPAL in our proposed APT-symmetric electronic circuits additionally requires parity symmetry, which simplifies the circuit design and implementation. Additionally, we show that this newly proposed structure is 1.85 times more robust compared to previous CPAL devices studied in the literature.

关键词： Noise Quantum sensing Non-Hermitian systems PT-symmetry

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Adaptive Uniform Performance control of Strict-Feedback Nonlinear systems With Time-Varying control Gain

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2023年第2期10卷 451-461页

作者： Kai Zhao Changyun Wen Yongduan Song Frank L.Lewis IEEE the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 119077Singapore the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore the State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment&System Security and New Technology Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Unmanned SystemsSchool of AutomationChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China the UTA Research Institute University of Texas at ArlingtonFort WorthTX 76118 USA

In this paper,we present a novel adaptive performance control approach for strict-feedback nonparametric systems with unknown time-varying control coefficients,which mainly includes the following ***,by introducing several key transformation functions and selecting the initial value of the time-varying scaling function,the symmetric prescribed performance with global and semi-global properties can be handled uniformly,without the need for control ***,to handle the problem of unknown time-varying control coefficient with an unknown sign,we propose an enhanced Nussbaum function(ENF)bearing some unique properties and characteristics,with which the complex stability analysis based on specific Nussbaum functions as commonly used is no longer ***,by utilizing the core-function information technique,the nonparametric uncertainties in the system are gracefully handled so that no approximator is ***,simulation results verify the effectiveness and benefits of the approach.

关键词： Adaptive control enhanced Nussbaum function(ENF) strict-feedback systems unified prescribed performance

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