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arXiv 2024年

作者： Vladucu, Maria-Victoria Wu, Hailun Medina, Jorge Salehin, Khondaker M. Dong, Ziqian Rojas-Cessa, Roberto The Network and Innovation Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New York Institute of Technology New YorkNY10023 United States Department of Computer Science University of Portland PortlandOR97203 United States The Networking and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology NewarkNJ07102 United States

Real and effective regulation of contributions to greenhouse gas emissions and pollutants requires unbiased and truthful monitoring. Blockchain has emerged not only as an approach that provides verifiable economical interactions but also as a mechanism to keep the measurement, monitoring, incentivation of environmental conservationist practices and enforcement of policy. Here, we present a survey of areas in what blockchain has been considered as a response to concerns on keeping an accurate recording of environmental practices to monitor levels of pollution and management of environmental practices. We classify the applications of blockchain into different segments of concerns, such as greenhouse gas emissions, solid waste, water, plastics, food waste, and circular economy, and show the objectives for the addressed concerns. We also classify the different blockchains and the explored and designed properties as identified for the proposed solutions. At the end, we provide a discussion about the niches and challenges that remain for future research. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Circular economy

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Robust Multivariate Detection and Estimation with Fault Frequency Content Information

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Dong, Jingwei Pan, Kaikai Pequito, Sérgio Esfahani, Peyman Mohajerin The Delft Center for Systems and Control Delft University of Technology Netherlands The College of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang University China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Lisbon Lisbon Portugal

This paper studies the problem of fault detection and estimation (FDE) for linear time-invariant (LTI) systems with a particular focus on frequency content information of faults, possibly as multiple disjoint continuum ranges, and under both disturbances and stochastic noise. To ensure the worst-case fault sensitivity in the considered frequency ranges and mitigate the effects of disturbances and noise, an optimization framework incorporating a mixed H/H2 performance index is developed to compute the optimal detection filter. Moreover, a thresholding rule is proposed to guarantee both the false alarm rate (FAR) and the fault detection rate (FDR). Next, shifting attention to fault estimation in specific frequency ranges, an exact reformulation of the optimal estimation filter design using the restricted H∞ performance index is derived, which is inherently non-convex. However, focusing on finite frequency samples and fixed poles, a lower bound is established via a highly tractable quadratic programming (QP) problem. This lower bound together with an alternating optimization (AO) approach to the original estimation problem leads to a suboptimality gap for the overall estimation filter design. The effectiveness of the proposed approaches is validated through applications of a non-minimum phase hydraulic turbine system and a multi-area power system. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydraulic motors

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Employing Feature engineering for River Stage Forecasting to Improve Hybrid Model Performance

Employing Feature Engineering for River Stage Forecasting to...

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International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and computer Networks (SoftCOM)

作者： Anna Maria Mihel Špela Pečnik Grega Vrbančič Jonatan Lerga Nino Krvavica Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Rijeka Rijeka Croatia Intelligent Systems Laboratory Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Maribor Maribor Slovenia Department of Hydrotechnics and Geotechnics Faculty of Civil Engineering University of Rijeka Rijeka Croatia

ISBN: (数字)9789532901382

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354614

Establishing early warning systems and efficient management of water resources in tidal reaches is crucial for achieving adequate flood protection. In tidal reaches, the river stage interacts non-linearly with tides (downstream) and discharge (upstream), making the modeling of river processes extremely complex. Data-driven methods have proven helpful for predicting the river stage parameter. This contrasts with existing numerical approaches, which suffer from several limitations. The aim of this study was to predict the river stage of the upstream part of the tidal river, where the influence of salinity is present during the summer months. Using the CNN-LSTM model trained on historical records of the discharge (station of the variable to be predicted), the river stage of three downstream stations, and the point of interest, the prediction was carried out up to 24 hours in advance. By incorporating feature engineering, we achieved an improvement in model results for the longest horizon, confirmed by standard performance metrics, and considered it efficient and effective for risk mitigation. Introducing feature engineering into the data preprocessing resulted in a predictive performance improvement of 0.98% for the Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) metric, 7.0% for the root mean squared error (RMSE) metric, and 7.25% for the mean absolute error (MAE) metric over the second and third-best scenarios using a spectrogram and time-series data.

关键词： Measurement Weather forecasting Predictive models Wavelet analysis Data models Rivers Numerical models Forecasting Spectrogram Water resources

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Sora for foundation robots with parallel intelligence:three world models,three robotic systems

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic engineering 2024年第7期25卷 917-923页

作者： Lili FAN Chao GUO Yonglin TIAN Hui ZHANG Jun ZHANG Fei-Yue WANG School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China School of Electrical Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

This paper outlines the initial steps and basic framework for developing foundation/infrastructure robots/robotics based on foundation models and parallel intelligence,as well as the potential applications of new art... 详细信息

关键词： artificial foundation intelligence

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Parameter fault estimation in distributed heating/cooling systems 22

Parameter fault estimation in distributed heating/cooling sy...

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Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Sustainable Information engineering and Technology

作者： Wijaya Kurniawan Katalin M. Hangos Lorinc Marton Faculty of Computer Science University of Brawijaya Indonesia) and Departement of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems University of Pannonia Hungary Departement of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems University of Pannonia Hungary and Institute for Computer Science and Control Hungary Department of Electrical Engineering Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania Romania)

ISBN: (纸本)9781450397117

In this paper, the problem of fault estimation and localization in the connecting dynamic elements of distributed heating and cooling systems are treated. The fault represents the physical parameter change related to the heat transfer between the system and the external environment. First, based on the bi-linear dynamic state space model of the system in the presence of a fault, structural observability analysis using Signed Directed Graph (SDG) has been performed to investigate the sensor placement problem. Then, a nonlinear observer with a parameter adaptation algorithm was proposed for fault estimation. The simulation results show that it can successfully detect and estimate the fault. Fault localization along the length of the element has also been attempted, but it has been found that the localization cannot be performed using practically changeable input variables. Frequency domain analysis is presented to discuss this phenomenon.

关键词： Nonlinear Observer Heating/cooling system Fault diagnosis Structural observability Parameter estimation

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An Artificial Intelligence Approach for Virtual Prototyping of Functional Situational Awareness systems for Hybrid Military Vehicles

An Artificial Intelligence Approach for Virtual Prototyping ...

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IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo (ITEC)

作者： Deborah George Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Clemson University Clemson SC USA

Situational awareness in complex systems is important for their reliable and efficient operations. Complex systems consist of components/nodes and subsystems. Functional situational awareness (FSA) is focused on providing qualitative and quantitative functional capabilities of components, subsystems, and the system over time. Safe-/mission-critical systems require FSA in real-time. The development of an artificial intelligence (AI)-based FSA system inferencing tool, herein, referred to as an FSA inference system development engine (FIDE), tailored to hybrid military ground vehicles (HMGVs) is presented. FIDE can be utilized to generate preliminary designs, virtual prototyping of FSA and its evaluation on actual HMGVs as well virtual vehicle testbeds. FIDE consists of four modules, namely, i) intelligent knowledge acquisition, ii) FSA topology model, iii) FSA engine and iv) human-computer interface (HCI). The development and operation of these modules is presented. FIDE generated FSA systems can ensure reliable and efficient operation of Vehicle Power systems (VPSs). Case studies are presented for virtual prototypes of an FSA engines and HCIs using FIDE.

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Multi-Unit Floor Plan Recognition and Reconstruction Using Improved Semantic Segmentation of Raster-Wise Floor Plans

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kratochvila, Lukas de Jong, Gijs Arkesteijn, Monique Bilík, Šimon Zemčík, Tomáš Horak, Karel Rellermeyer, Jan S. Department of Control and Instrumentation Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication Brno University of Technology Brno Czech Republic Department of Software Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science TU Delft Delft Netherlands Department of Management in the Built Environment Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment TU Delft Delft Netherlands Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Laboratory Department of Computational Engineering Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT Lappeenranta Finland Dependable and Scalable Software Systems Institute of Systems Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Leibniz University Hannover Hannover Germany

Digital twins have a major potential to form a significant part of urban management in emergency planning, as they allow more efficient designing of the escape routes, better orientation in exceptional situations, and faster rescue intervention. Nevertheless, creating the twins still remains a largely manual effort, due to a lack of 3D-representations, which are available only in limited amounts for some new buildings. Thus, in this paper we aim to synthesize 3D information from commonly available 2D architectural floor plans. We propose two novel pixel-wise segmentation methods based on the MDA-Unet and MACU-Net architectures with improved skip connections, an attention mechanism, and a training objective together with a reconstruction part of the pipeline, which vectorizes the segmented plans to create a 3D model. The proposed methods are compared with two other state-of-the-art techniques and several benchmark datasets. On the commonly used CubiCasa benchmark dataset, our methods have achieved the mean F1 score of 0.86 over five examined classes, outperforming the other pixel-wise approaches tested. We have also made our code publicly available to support research in the field. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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Hierarchical Codebook Design Using Scale-Changeable Reconfigurable Holographic Surfaces in Near-Far Field Communications

Hierarchical Codebook Design Using Scale-Changeable Reconfig...

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IEEE Conference on Global Communications (GLOBECOM)

作者： Shupei Zhang Boya Di Hongliang Zhang H. Vincent Poor State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Peking University Beijing China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350351255

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351262

Reconfigurable holographic surfaces (RHSs) have been proposed as a cost-effective and power-efficient solution for extremely large-scale arrays, where the amplitude of electromagnetic waves radiated at each element is controlled to achieve high directive gain. However, the complexity of acquiring real-time channel state information (CSI) required for beamforming is prohibitively high, especially when the near-field expansion brought by the large-scale RHS is considered. In this paper, we propose a codebook-based beam training scheme for a large-scale RHS-enabled communication system to bypass CSI estimation. Unlike traditional phase-controlled arrays, the amplitude-controlled property of the RHS implies that each RHS element can be selectively activated. This motivates an array reconfiguration method where a scale-changeable RHS array is constructed to generate gain-flat beams with different coverage in the angle-range domain. A hierarchical RHS codebook is then proposed where the coverage of the codewords in each layer is progressively refined. To address the substantial beam search overhead in the near-far field, a two-stage beam training scheme is performed in the proposed codebook, thereby reducing the overhead to a logarithmic level of the element number. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme performs better than phased arrays given the same input power in terms of sum rate, and it also approaches the upper bound achieved by the exhaustive search at a significantly reduced overhead.

关键词： Training Phased arrays Upper bound Surface waves Simulation Electromagnetic scattering Estimation Real-time systems Complexity theory Global communication

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Adaptive Automatic Generation control for Improved Stability of Power systems with Utility-Scale Photovoltaic Plants

Adaptive Automatic Generation Control for Improved Stability...

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Renewable Energy and Hydrogen Technologies (GlobConHT), IEEE IAS Global Conference on

作者： Rajan Ratnakumar Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy Holcombe Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Clemson University Clemson USA

Stability problems arise when large utility-scale solar photovoltaic (PV) plants are integrated into bulk power systems. The intermittent nature of solar radiation results in PV power generation variations, which must be compensated by the conventional power plants (synchronous generators) to regulate the frequency of the power system by balancing generation-load. The compensation involves generation dispatch changes of the synchronous generators. The PV plant variations and synchronous generators' dispatch changes could give rise to electromechanical oscillations (EMOs) in the power system. Severe EMOs can lead to power system instability, and this can be avoided by intelligently modulating the rate of change of dispatch of the synchronous generators during PV plant output variations. The intelligent modulation of the rate of change of dispatch can be implemented via an adaptive automatic generation control (A-AGC). This paper presents the development of an A-AGC based on an EMO index derived from phasor measurement units to ensure the stability of the power system. Typical results are presented to illustrate the operation and performance of A-AGC during PV power variations.

关键词： Photovoltaic systems Renewable energy sources Stability criteria Automatic generation control Power system stability Synchronous generators Table lookup

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Digital Twins for Creating Virtual Models of Solar Photovoltaic Plants

Digital Twins for Creating Virtual Models of Solar Photovolt...

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IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)

作者： Deborah George Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Clemson University Clemson SC USA

Amidst the challenges posed by the high penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs), particularly a number of distributed photovoltaic plants (DPVs), in modern electric power distribution systems (MEPDS), the integration of new technologies and frameworks become crucial for addressing operation, management, and planning challenges. Situational awareness (SA) and situational intelligence (SI) over multi-time scales is essential for enhanced and reliable PV power generation in MEPDS. In this paper, data-driven digital twins (DTs) are developed using AI paradigms to develop actual and/or virtual models of DPV s, These DTs are then applied for estimating and forecasting the power outputs of physical and virtual PV plants. Virtual weather stations are used to estimate solar irradiance and temperature at user-selected locations in a localized region, using inferences from physical weather stations. Three case studies are examined based on data availability: physical PV plant, hybrid PV plants, and virtual PV plants, generating real-time estimations and short-term forecasts of PV power production that can support distribution system studies and decision-making.

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