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Spatial Modeling of Airport Surface Fuel Burn for Environmental Impact Analyses

Journal of Air Transportation 2023年第3期31卷 85-97页

作者： Badrinath, Sandeep Abel, James Balakrishnan, Hamsa Joback, Emily Reynolds, Tom Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Air Traffic Control Systems Group Associate Fellow AIAA Lincoln Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology LexingtonMA02421 United States

The assessment of the fuel burn and emissions impact of airport surface operations is a key part of understanding the environmental impacts of aviation. These assessments are needed at two levels: the analysis of inventories (the total amount of fuel burned and emissions discharged over some period of time), and the analysis of spatial distributions (the amount of emissions experienced at a particular location within or near the airport). Although the availability of taxi times for the operations of interest is sufficient for inventory analysis, the analysis of spatial distributions requires estimates of where on the airport surface an aircraft is located as it consumes fuel. In this paper, we show how a datadriven queuing network model can be developed in order to estimate the time that an aircraft spends at different congested locations on the airport surface. These models are useful both in spatial distribution analysis and in accurately predicting taxi times in the absence of measurements (for example, for projected demand sets). We use measurements of ultrafine particles at Los Angeles International Airport to demonstrate that the proposed model can help predict the measured emissions at different monitoring sites located in the vicinity of the airport. In the process, we show how one could develop a machine learning model of the spatial distribution of airport surface emissions given the pollutant measurements, air traffic demand, and prevailing weather conditions. Finally, we develop a clusteringbased method to evaluate the generalizability of our surface operations modeling framework. © 2023 by Sandeep Badrinath.

关键词： Spatial distribution

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Frequency-Domain Properties of Moving Average and Moving Standard Deviation with Application to Stage (Motion) control

Frequency-Domain Properties of Moving Average and Moving Sta...

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European control Conference (ECC)

作者： Marcel Heertjes Department of Mechanical Engineering Dynamics & Control group Control Systems Technology group Eindhoven University of Technology MB Eindhoven Netherlands

ISBN: (数字)9783907144107

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540920

In wafer scanners, moving average and moving standard deviation constitute time-domain measures that quantify scanning stage performance in terms of overlay and imaging. Though for control design a frequency-domain interpretation would be desirable to have, for moving standard deviation such an interpretation is not easily found. As a practical solution, an analytical expression for the response to single sinusoidal input will be derived. For data from an industrial scanning stage the usefulness of such an expression and the insights obtained from it will be discussed.

关键词： Time-frequency analysis Filtering control design Imaging Europe Frequency response Error correction codes

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The Most Powerful Unfalsified Linear Parameter-Varying Model with Shifted-Affine Scheduling Dependence

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Markovsky, Ivan Verhoek, Chris Tóth, Roland Gran Capità Barcelona08034 Spain Control Systems Group Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven5600 Netherlands Control Systems Group Eindhoven University of Technology and Systems and Control Lab Institute for Computer Science and Control Budapest1111 Hungary

The paper considers exact identification of linear parameter-varying (LPV) systems from the behavioral perspective. In the case of linear time-invariant (LTI) systems, the notion of the most powerful unfalsified model (MPUM), i.e., the least complex exact model for a given data trajectory, is well established. The MPUM, however, has not been generalized for LPV systems. In order to do this, we define the notions of model complexity for LPV systems with shifted-affine scheduling dependence. The MPUM leads to identifiability conditions and a method for exact LPV system identification. The method is based on lifting the LPV system to a higher dimensional space and LTI embedding in the lifted space. It is made rigorous by proving a formal connection between the parameters of the LTI embedding and the original LPV system. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Embeddings

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Interval Markov Decision Processes with Continuous Action-Spaces 26

Interval Markov Decision Processes with Continuous Action-Sp...

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26th ACM International Conference on Hybrid systems: Computation and control, HSCC 2023, Part of CPS-IoT Week 2023

作者： Delimpaltadakis, Giannis Lahijanian, Morteza Mazo, Manuel Laurenti, Luca Control Systems Technology Group Mechanical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven Netherlands Aerospace Engineering Sciences Computer Science University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO United States Delft Center for Systems Control Mechanical Engineering Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9798400700330

Interval Markov Decision Processes (IMDPs) are finite-state uncertain Markov models, where the transition probabilities belong to intervals. Recently, there has been a surge of research on employing IMDPs as abstractions of stochastic systems for control synthesis. However, due to the absence of algorithms for synthesis over IMDPs with continuous action-spaces, the action-space is assumed discrete a-priori, which is a restrictive assumption for many applications. Motivated by this, we introduce continuous-action IMDPs (caIMDPs), where the bounds on transition probabilities are functions of the action variables, and study value iteration for maximizing expected cumulative rewards. Specifically, we decompose the max-min problem associated to value iteration to |Q| max problems, where |Q| is the number of states of the caIMDP. Then, exploiting the simple form of these max problems, we identify cases where value iteration over caIMDPs can be solved efficiently (e.g., with linear or convex programming). We also gain other interesting insights: e.g., in certain cases where the action set A is a polytope, synthesis over a discrete-action IMDP, where the actions are the vertices of A, is sufficient for optimality. We demonstrate our results on a numerical example. Finally, we include a short discussion on employing caIMDPs as abstractions for control synthesis. © 2023 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Markov processes

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Research on Fabrication method of fabric sensor based on laser induced graphene

Research on Fabrication method of fabric sensor based on las...

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2023 International Conference on Mechatronic Engineering and Artificial Intelligence, MEAI 2023

作者： Yuan, Chonghao Shan, Rongrong Wang, Jia Fan, Yi Gao, Yuqin Lu, Fan Nari Group Corporation State Grid Electric Power Research Institutie NARI Technology Nanjing Control Systems Co. Ltd Jiangsu Nanjing230001 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510674608

At present, how to manufacture lightweight and flexible wearable sensors suitable for human body has become an important scientific and technological problem. However, most of the existing manufacturing methods of portable flexible wearable sensors have the problems of complex manufacturing process and low design freedom. The laser induced graphene technology with high efficiency and customizable advantages is conducive to solving these problems. In this paper, the effects of flame retardants and fabric substrates on the properties of graphene were studied. The effects of sodium tetraborate and ammonium polyphosphate on the structural stability of fabric graphene were compared, and the effects of flame retardant concentration on the properties of graphene were analyzed. Ammonium polyphosphate solution with a concentration of 0.45 g/ml was selected as the flame retardant. The laser induced graphene fabrics prepared by different fabrics were compared and analyzed. Choose 120 cotton fabric as the substrate. Secondly, the effects of laser processing parameters on the properties of graphene were analyzed. Different combinations of laser power and scanning speed were used to analyze the mechanical and electrical properties of the prepared graphene. Determine that the laser power used is 3 W and the scanning speed is 125 mm/s. Finally, the feasibility of fabric graphene structure monitoring human ECG signal is demonstrated by comparing commercial ECG signal detection instruments. The manufacturing method of lightweight flexible fabric sensor based on laser-induced graphene has the characteristics of high efficiency and easy customization, which is expected to realize multi-modal monitoring of human health information, and has application prospects in medical health, human-computer interaction and other fields. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Graphene

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Structural Coverability for Intelligent Automation systems 19

Structural Coverability for Intelligent Automation Systems

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19th IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering, CASE 2023

作者： Eros, Endre Bengtsson, Kristofer Åkesson, Knut Chalmers University of Technology Automation Research Group Electrical Engineering Systems and Control Department Gothenburg Sweden Research and Technology Development Volvo Group Smart and Connected Operations Gothenburg Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9798350320695

In order to be flexible and handle complex scenarios, intelligent automation systems might benefit from automated planning techniques which rely on specifications and models describing their behavior. However, due to the presence of message passing, latency, jitter, timeouts, failures, and error handling, the verification of such behavior models using formal methods is often unfeasible. Therefore, testing has emerged as an approach to evaluating the behavior of intelligent automation systems. This paper presents a way to analyze structural coverability of behavior models for intelligent automation systems, which is inspired by the modified condition/decision coverage (MC/DC) criterion. This is paired with a testing procedure that enables each test case to influence both the controller and the simulated environment by injecting some specific state. As a result, the proposed coverability criterion can effectively identify segments of the behavior model that have not been adequately tested and suggest additional test cases to improve coverability. An example use case is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Message passing

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Equilibrium-Independent control of Continuous-Time Nonlinear systems Via the LPV Framework

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IEEE Transactions on Automatic control 2025年

作者： Koelewijn, Patrick J. W. Weiland, Siep Toth, Roland Eindhoven University of Technology Control Systems Group Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven Netherlands Institute for Computer Science and Control Systems and Control Laboratory Budapest Hungary

In this paper, we consider the analysis and control of continuous-time nonlinear systems to ensure universal shifted stability and performance, i.e., stability and performance w.r.t. each forced equilibrium point of the system. This "equilibrium-free"concept is especially beneficial for control problems that require the tracking of setpoints and rejection of persistent disturbances, such as input loads. In this paper, we show how the velocity form, i.e., the time-differentiated dynamics of the system, plays a crucial role in characterizing these properties and how the analysis of it can be solved by the application of Linear Parameter-Varying (LPV) methods in a computationally efficient manner. Furthermore, by leveraging the properties of the velocity form and the LPV framework, a novel controller synthesis method is presented which ensures closed-loop universal shifted stability and performance. The proposed controller design is verified experimentally on a real system. Additionally, we compare the proposed method to a standard LPV control design, demonstrating the improved stability and performance guarantees of the new approach. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： control system synthesis

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Steady-state Voltage Security-constrained Optimal Frequency control for Weak HVDC Sending-end AC Power systems

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 658-669页

作者： Qiangqiang Wang Liangzhong Yao Jian Xu Yuping Zheng Wei Li Wei Wang School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Hubei Engineering and Technology Research Center for AC/DC Intelligent Distribution Network(Wuhan University) Wuhan 430072China State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control NARI Group Corporation(State Grid Electric Power Research Institute)Nanjing 211106China

Due to the fact that a high share of renewable energy sources(RESs)are connected to high-voltage direct current(HVDC)sending-end AC power systems,the voltage and frequency regulation capabilities of HVDC sending-end AC power systems have *** has resulted in potential system operating problems such as overvoltage and overfrequency,which occur simultaneously when block faults exist in the HVDC *** this study,a steady-state voltage security-constrained optimal frequency control method for weak HVDC sending-end AC power systems is *** integrated virtual inertia control of RESs is employed for system frequency *** dynamic reactive power compensation devices are utilized to control the voltage of all nodes meet voltage security ***,an optimization model that simultaneously considers the frequency and steady-state voltage security constraints for weak HVDC sending-end AC power systems is *** optimal control scheme with the minimum total cost of generation tripping and additional dynamic reactive power compensation required is obtained through the optimization *** are conducted on a modified IEEE 9-bus test system and practical Qing-Yu line commutated converter based HVDC(LCC-HVDC)sending-end AC power system to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Renewable energy source(RES) high-voltage direct current(HVDC) AC power system optimal frequency control steady-state voltage security dynamic reactive power compensation

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Computationally Efficient Sampling-Based Algorithm for Stability Analysis of Nonlinear systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Antal, Péter Péni, Tamás Tóth, Roland The Systems and Control Lab HUN-REN Institute for Computer Science and Control Budapest Hungary The Control Systems Group The Eindhoven University of Technology Netherlands

For complex nonlinear systems, it is challenging to design algorithms that are fast, scalable, and give an accurate approximation of the stability region. This paper proposes a sampling-based approach to address these challenges. By extending the parametrization of quadratic Lyapunov functions with the system dynamics and formulating an 1 optimization to maximize the invariant set over a grid of the state space, we arrive at a computationally efficient algorithm that estimates the domain of attraction (DOA) of nonlinear systems accurately by using only linear programming. The scalability of the Lyapunov function synthesis is further improved by combining the algorithm with ADMM-based parallelization. To resolve the inherent approximative nature of grid-based techniques, a small-scale nonlinear optimization is proposed. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated and compared to state-of-the-art solutions on several numerical examples. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Linear programming

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Energy Efficient Hardware Acceleration of Neural networks with Power-of-Two Quantisation

Energy Efficient Hardware Acceleration of Neural Networks wi...

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International Conference on Computer Vision and Graphics, ICCVG 2022

作者： Przewlocka-Rus, Dominika Kryjak, Tomasz Embedded Vision Systems Group Computer Vision Laboratory Department of Automatic Control and Robotics AGH University of Science and Technology Krakow Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783031220241

Deep neural networks virtually dominate the domain of most modern vision systems, providing high performance at a cost of increased computational complexity. Since for those systems it is often required to operate both in real-time and with minimal energy consumption (e.g., for wearable devices or autonomous vehicles, edge Internet of Things (IoT), sensor networks), various network optimisation techniques are used, e.g., quantisation, pruning, or dedicated lightweight architectures. Due to the logarithmic distribution of weights in neural network layers, a method providing high performance with significant reduction in computational precision (for 4-bit weights and less) is the Power-of-Two (PoT) quantisation (and therefore also with a logarithmic distribution). This method introduces additional possibilities of replacing the typical for neural networks Multiply and ACcumulate (MAC—performing, e.g., convolution operations) units, with more energy-efficient Bitshift and ACcumulate (BAC). In this paper, we show that a hardware neural network accelerator with PoT weights implemented on the Zynq UltraScale + MPSoC ZCU104 SoC FPGA can be at least 1.4x more energy efficient than the uniform quantisation version. To further reduce the actual power requirement by omitting part of the computation for zero weights, we also propose a new pruning method adapted to logarithmic quantisation. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： System-on-chip

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