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IEEE International Conference on robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： R.G. Bonitz T.C. Hsia Systems Control and Robotics Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Los Angeles Davis CA USA

An internal force-based impedance control scheme for two coordinating robots manipulating a rigid object via palm grasping is introduced. The minimal internal force required to maintain the grasp on the object is computed from the frictional constraints and sensed forces. A closed-form solution to the minimization problem is developed which makes the algorithm suitable for real-time control. The controller uses sensed moments at the palm interface to maintain proper orientation of the palms to achieve maximum surface contact. Each manipulator's nonlinear dynamics is compensated by a robust auxiliary controller which is insensitive to robot-model uncertainty and payload variation. The controller is only weakly-dependent on each manipulator's inertia matrix. Stability of the system is analyzed. Rigorous experimental investigations are are performed and the results presented which validate the proposed concepts.

关键词： Robustness Robot sensing systems Robot kinematics Impedance Force control Closed-form solution Minimization methods Manipulator dynamics Nonlinear dynamical systems Robust control

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Measuring the distance and orientation of a planar surface using nonstructured lighting

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systems AND COMPUTERS IN JAPAN 1996年第8期27卷 83-92页

作者： Tsukiyama, T Member Electrotechnical Laboratory Tsukuba Japan 305 Tosbifumi Tsukiyama:graduated in 1972 from the Biological Engineering Department Osaka University where he also received his Dr. of Eng. degree. He joined Electrotechnical Laboratory Ministry of Tread and Industry (Japan) in 1972. At present he is Senior Researcher at Computer Vision Section Intelligent Systems Division ETL. He was a Visiting Researcher at University of Illinois during 1984–1985. He has been interested in vision system for mobile robots and image processing architectures. He is a member of the Society of Instrumental and Control Engineers Japan Robotics Society of Japan and Information Processing Society of Japan.

This paper proposes a method of 3-dimensional measurement of a planar surface by using two fixed light sources and a TV camera. A set of two images is recorded by the camera switching on each light alternately. The peak of the luminance distribution in each image is detected, and the orientation and distance of the planar surface are calculated. The position of the peak of a luminance distribution can be estimated accurately by using an image processing. The light sources can be conventional apparatus with no particular structure. The method is simple and suitable for a vision system on an indoor mobile robot.

关键词： distance to surface orientation of planar surface point light source luminance distribution ring light

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Synthesized passive feedback control of sensor-rich smart structures-experimental results

Synthesized passive feedback control of sensor-rich smart st...

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IEEE Conference on control Technology and Applications (CCTA)

作者： P. Akella J.T. Wen Control Laboratory for Mechanical Structures Department of Electrical Computer and Systems EngineeringCenter for Advanced Technology in Automation Robotics & Manufacturing Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute RPI Troy NY USA

Passivity based controllers are used in structural control due to their inherent robustness properties. These controllers require sensor/actuator collocation. In this paper, we consider the design of a "squaring down" matrix which renders a system passive by using a linear combination of all collocated and non-collocated sensor/actuator pairs. The design uses experimental transfer functions and does not require the knowledge of the system model. The problem of finding the squaring down matrix is cast as a solution to a set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) subject to some additional performance considerations. The design procedure of the squaring down matrix assumes that velocity information is available from the sensors which is not generally the case. We show that the squaring down matrix can be implemented without the use of such velocity information. We provide experimental results gathered from the single link flexible beam setup in the C/sub La/MS laboratory at RPI to show that implementation of passive loops without velocity measurements provides very good results.

关键词： Feedback control Linear matrix inequalities Intelligent sensors control system synthesis Robust control Sensor systems Hydraulic actuators Transfer functions Laboratories Economic indicators

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Preisach modeling of piezoceramic and shape memory alloy hysteresis

Preisach modeling of piezoceramic and shape memory alloy hys...

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IEEE Conference on control Technology and Applications (CCTA)

作者： D. Hughes J.T. Wen Control Laboratory for Mechanical Structures (CLaMS) Center for Advanced Technology in Automation Robotics & Manufacturing Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY USA

Smart materials such as piezoceramics and shape memory alloys (SMAs) exhibit significant hysteresis and in order to estimate the effect on open and closed loop control a suitable model is needed. One promising candidate is the Preisach independent domain hysteresis model that is characterized by the congruent minor loop and wiping out properties. Comparable minor loop and decaying oscillation test data for a multi-sheet piezoceramic actuator (made of lead zirconate titanate) attached to a flexible beam are presented and are seen to be very consistent with the two Preisach model properties. The commanded parameter is the sheet transverse electric field while the measured parameter is an approximately colocated strain induced in the beam. Equivalent data for a Nitinol SMA wire muscle, attached to the same beam, are also presented. The input and output parameters are the SMA current and a beam strain respectfully. The minor loop and wiping out evidence is less strong than that of the piezoceramic case, but encouraging. In all experiments the quasi-steady state responses were generated in order to avoid exciting beam flexible modes which would complicate the analysis.

关键词： Piezoelectric materials Shape memory alloys Hysteresis Strain measurement Shape control Open loop systems Testing Actuators Titanium compounds Electric variables measurement

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Utilization of torque wheels for active damping of flexible manipulators

Utilization of torque wheels for active damping of flexible ...

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IEEE International Conference on robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： F. Khorrami A.A. Gomez M.D. Hills Polytechnic University School of Electrical Engineering 4 Computer Science Control/Robotics Research Laboratory Brooklyn NY USA Bernoulli Optical Systems Company Danbury CT USA Control/Robotics Research Laboratory (CRRL) School of Electrical Engineering 4 Computer Science University of California Brooklyn NY USA

Utilization of inertial actuators, such as torque wheels, for vibration damping of a single-link flexible manipulator is considered. The torque wheel is mounted at the end effector of the manipulator to provide a bending moment at the tip for vibration suppression and pointing purposes. The torque exerted by the torque wheel at the end-effector of the manipulator is achieved through controlling the velocity of the torque wheel. A decentralized control scheme is advocated in this paper for slewing and vibration suppression. The local loop around the torque wheel is closed through feedback of the accelerometer signal at the tip. Experimental results are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method for end-effector positioning of flexible-link manipulators. Although the experimental results reported are for a single-link flexible manipulator, the results are applicable to the multi-link case. It may be shown that the dynamics from the voltage input to the torque wheel mounted at the tip to the tip position is minimum phase and hence invertible given that an inner-loop controller has been applied to stabilize the rigid-body motion.< >

关键词： Wheels Damping Torque control Manipulator dynamics Actuators End effectors Velocity control Distributed control Vibration control Feedback loop

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Explicit fuzzy force control of industrial manipulators with position servo drives

Explicit fuzzy force control of industrial manipulators with...

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IEEE International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and systems (IROS)

作者： I.H. Suh K.S. Eom H.J. Yeo B.H. Kang S.-R. Oh B.H. Lee Intelligent Control and Robotics Laboratory Department of Electrvnics Engineering Hanyang University South Korea Samsung Data System Company Limited South Korea Division of Electronics and Infonmation technology KIST Seoul South Korea Robotics and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Control and Instrumentation Engineering Seoul National University South Korea

In this paper, a fuzzy force control algorithm is suggested for commercialized industrial robots equipped with the position servo drives, where control rules of the proposed fuzzy controller are changed according to the magnitude of environmental stiffness in such a way that good force response is maintained regardless of changes of environmental stiffness. Specifically, some fuzzy control rules are designed for several representative environmental stiffness values, and then a control action for a given arbitrary environmental stiffness value is decided by a fuzzy interpolation method. To show the validity of the proposed fuzzy controller, several experimental results are illustrated, where a 5-axis articulated robot manipulator equipped with the wrist force/torque sensor system and our prototype dual robot controller are employed.< >

关键词： Fuzzy control Force control Industrial control Manipulators Torque control control systems Robot sensing systems Commercialization Service robots Servomechanisms

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Task-Level Programming with Collision Avoidance for Autonomous Space Robots

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1992年第22期25卷 319-324页

作者： P. Adolphs J. Matthiesen TH Darmstadt Control Systems Theory and Robotics laboratory Schlossgraben 1 D-6100 Darmstadt Germany

The reasons for integrating collision avoiding path planning into a task-level programmable multi-sensor robot system are put forward. The underlying system architecture and the specific approaches for environment modelling, task planning and path planning are discussed. Task planning is performed using a rule based expert sytem and a frame representation of relevant environment data. Path planning is based on a configuration-space approach with a fast new algorithm for obstacle transformation. Results gained from experimental laboratory work are presented and show some advantages and problems of the entire system.

关键词： robots task-level programming collision avoidance

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Collision-free Real-time Path-planning In Time Varying Environment

Collision-free Real-time Path-planning In Time Varying Envir...

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IEEE International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and systems (IROS)

作者： P. Adolphs H. Tolle Control Systems Theory and Robotics Laboratory Darmstadt Institute of Technology Germany

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A KNOWLEDGE-BASED APPROACH TO MODELING OF ROBOTIC ASSEMBLY CELLS

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ROBOTICA 1991年第1期9卷 31-42页

作者： KIM, DW LEE, BH KO, MS Robotics and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Control and Instrumentation Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 151–742 (Korea)

In this paper, an approach to modelling of a robotic assembly cell is proposed and a method for managing the cell operation is described using a knowledge base. Since the modelling structure is based on the concept of the state variable, the relationships between states are described by the state transition map (STM). The knowledge-bases for state transition and assembly job information are obtained from the STM and the assembly job tree (AJT), respectively. Using the knowledge-base, the system structure is discussed in relation to both managing the cell operation and evaluating the performances. Finally, a simulation algorithm is presented with the simulation results to show the significance of the proposed modelling approach.

关键词： MODELING ASSEMBLY CELLS robotics KNOWLEDGE-BASE STATE TRANSITION

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control of induction motors for high dynamic performance and maximal power efficiency via feedback linearization with input-output decoupling

Control of induction motors for high dynamic performance and...

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Annual Conference of Industrial Electronics Society

作者： Dong-Il Kim In-Joong Ha Myoung-Sam Ko Jae-Wha Park Robotics and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Control and Instrumentation Eng. Seoul National University South Korea

The authors attempt to achieve both high dynamic performance and maximal power efficiency for induction motors by means of linear decoupling of rotor speed (or motor torque) and rotor flux. The induction motor with the proposed controller possesses the input-output dynamic characteristics of a linear system such that the rotor speed (or motor torque) and the rotor flux are decoupled. The rotor speed (or motor torque) responses are not affected by abrupt changes in the rotor flux, and vice versa. The rotor flux need not be measured but is estimated by the well-known flux simulator. The effect of large variation in the rotor resistance on the control performances is minimized by using a parameter adaptation method. The authors present simulation and experimental results as well as mathematical performance analyses.< >

关键词： Induction motors Feedback Rotors DC motors Linear systems Equations control systems Torque Electrical resistance measurement Performance analysis

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