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International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition

作者： A. Nakamura O. Shiku M. Anegawa C. Nakamura H. Kuroda Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty of Engineering Nagasaki University Nagasaki Japan Department of Control Engineering Sasebo National College of Technology Nagasaki Japan

It is difficult to recognize character strings from maps, which involve various figures. The authors describe a method for recognizing character strings from these topographical maps. The method consists of a bottom-up process and a top-down process. First, in the bottom-up process, character candidates are extracted from a map. Second, in the top-down process, these character candidates are grouped into strings using linguistic knowledge of strings. Through the top-down process, character strings are recognized correctly and efficiently from low precise character candidates extracted through the bottom-up process. The method was applied to 13 maps (512/spl times/512 pixels) involving 98 strings. As a result, 95% of 98 strings were extracted correctly.< >

关键词： Character recognition Roads Carbon capture and storage control engineering Knowledge engineering Data mining Buildings Educational institutions Image recognition Dictionaries

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New architectures with distributed zeros for improved noise shaping of delta-sigma analog to digital converters

New architectures with distributed zeros for improved noise ...

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Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & computers

作者： F. Harris B. Caulfield B. McKnight College of Engineering Electrical & Computer Engineering San Diego State University San Diego CA USA Naval Command Control and Ocean Surveilance Center Naval Research and Development Service San Diego CA USA

This paper presents and compares the structure and performance of new alternate architectures developed for spectral noise shaping in over-sampled analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters. These architectures differ from conventional design approaches in two ways. The primary difference is in the distribution of transmission zeros in the noise transfer function, while the secondary difference is the manner in which the architecture forms these transmission zeros.< >

关键词： Noise shaping Filtering theory Digital-analog conversion Transfer functions

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Use of allpass networks to tune the center frequency of sigma delta modulators

Use of allpass networks to tune the center frequency of sigm...

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Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & computers

作者： F. Harris B. Caulfield B. McKnight Systems Engineering Tiernan Communications Inc. San Diego CA USA Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering San Diego State University San Diego CA USA Naval Research and Development Naval Command Control and Ocean Surveillance Center San Diego CA USA

The standard sigma-delta modulator uses feedback around 1-bit quantizers to transform open loop integrator poles into closed loop transmission zeros of the noise transfer function. The DC transmission zeros permit high resolution quantization of data over a frequency band in their neighborhood. Closed loop zeros can be shifted to arbitrary spectral locations by doubling the number of integrators and then applying local feedback around integrator pairs thereby converting them to resonators. These spectrally shifted zeros support high resolution quantization at the selected (arbitrary) center frequency. In the paper the authors describe an alternate technique for shifting the open loop poles around the unit circle. In this method, rather than forming resonators, they use a spectral transformation on the baseband process performed by embedded all-pass filters.< >

关键词： Frequency Delta-sigma modulation Feedback loop Filtering theory Quantization Poles and zeros Transfer functions Baseband Resonator filters

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A design theory of stable 2-D recursive digital filters

A design theory of stable 2-D recursive digital filters

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： T. Koga T. Madachi Department of Computer Science and Communication Engineering Kyushu University Japan Department of Electronics and Control Engineering Kitakyushu National College of Technology Japan

Present a new method of designing 2-D IIR (infinite impulse response) digital filters taking into account the stability in a self-consistent manner by means of the interpolation of the transfer functions by two-variable rational functions. The general theory is first outlined. Then, a design method is presented with special emphasis on the approximation of the circularly symmetric characteristics and, simultaneously, the degree economization. As a typical example, a Chebyshev-type filter is illustrated to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.< >

关键词： Digital filters Stability Transfer functions Design methodology Design engineering Interpolation Frequency domain analysis IIR filters computer science Communication system control

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New style for three-layer channel routing

New style for three-layer channel routing

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： L.K. Chang K. Nakajima Control Engineering Department National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering Institute of Advanced Computer Studies and Institute of Systems Research University of Maryland College Park MD USA

The authors propose a new style for three-layer channel routing. Liked the horizontal-vertical-horizontal (HVH) model, the middle layer is reserved for all vertical connections to the terminals on both sides of a channel. However, the authors use rectilinear wires on the top and bottom layers to complete the remaining routing. Using this model, the authors develop a channel router and show that it produces optimum solutions to all the benchmark examples tested. The algorithm runs in O(n/sup 2/w+wl) time, where n, w, and l are the number of nets, the channel width, and the sum of lengths of wires for the nets, respectively. It was implemented in C on a Sun 3/160 workstation. The experimental results are provided.< >

关键词： Routing Wire Wiring control engineering Educational institutions Benchmark testing Integrated circuit layout Heuristic algorithms Councils

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Computation of the Transfer Function and Characteristic Equation of Linear Discrete Multidimensional Systems

Computation of the Transfer Function and Characteristic Equa...

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American control Conference (ACC)

作者： Nagi M. Elsaied Robert L. Carroll Automatic Control Department Military Technical College Cairo Egypt IEEE Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science George Washington University Washington D.C. DC USA

A general state-space model of a two-dimensional linear multivariable discrete system was introduced by Kurek [1]. This model includes the 2-D models of Attasi [2], Roesser [3], and Fornasini and Marchesini [4]. In this paper, a novel approach for computing the transfer function, the characteristic polynomial, and the adjoint matrix of the Kurek model is given. The procedure involves representation of the system characteristic equation in a matrix polynomial.

关键词： Transfer functions Equations Multidimensional systems Polynomials Military computing Automatic control Educational institutions Senior members computer science

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CAD CAM MANUFACTURING OF PROTOTYPE SHIPBOARD COMPONENTS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1990年第3期102卷 93-99页

作者： CALVERT, TE RODRIGUEZ, FA SLEBZAK, JS Thomas E. Calvert P.E.: is a senior project engineer with the Propulsion and Auxiliary Systems Department David Taylor Research Center Annapolis Md. His interests include application of computers to all aspects of engineering with particular emphasis on utilization of small computers. Mr. Calvert is a licensed professional engineer in Maryland. He received a BSEE from Drexel University in 1969 and since that time has completed a number of graduate courses related to machinery acoustics. Francisco A. Rodriguez:is an engineer with the Propulsion and Auxiliary Systems Department David Taylor Research Center. He was formerly with the Computer-Aided Design/Interactive Graphics Group of the Division of Engineering and Weapons U.S. Naval Academy. His interests include interfacing the computer aided design to the computer aided manufacturing along with related software and hardware development. Mr. Rodriguez received a BSEEfrom the University of Virginia in 1968. James S. Slebzak:is a mechanical engineering technician with the Propulsion and Auxiliary Systems Department David Taylor Research Center. He received his machinists papers in 1971 after serving his apprenticeship at David Taylor Research Center. He continued his education and became the senior numerical control programmer at the Annapolis Laboratory. He completed his mechanical technology degree from Anne Arundel Community College in 1986. His interests are in the application of numerically controlled manufacturing techniques to prototype machinery components.

The machine shop at the Annapolis Laboratory of the David Taylor Research Center (DTRC) provides model making and prototype support to a large variety of naval ship related engineering projects. In order to meet these challenging requirements, computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) techniques are being used to produce “one of a kind” prototypes or very low volume production parts. The use of computer aides in these cases is to facilitate the accurate manufacture of a difficult part, rather than to improve manufacturing efficiencies. In addition, the approach provides the flexibility required to support research and development projects. Several examples of prototype shipboard components manufactured using CAD/CAM techniques are presented in this paper. The hardware and software that facilitated these projects are discussed. The examples described have met the requirements to produce a wide variety of prototype shipboard machinery components quickly and accurately.

关键词： Ship Equipment

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User interface standards for control system design applications

User interface standards for control system design applicati...

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IEEE International Symposium on computer Aided control System Design (CACSD)

作者： H.A. Barker M. Chen I.T. Harvey P.W. Grant C.P. Jobling A. Parkman P. Townsend Control and Computer Aided Engineering Research Group Departments of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Mathematics and Computer Science University College of Swansea University of Wales Swansea UK

Aspects of the design and specification of a generic graphical user interface for control system design and the emerging standards for user interface implementation that underlie it are discussed. The use of this interface in future design environments should permit the rapid development of novel design methods and at the same time, by enforcing a consistent look and feel across applications, make the transfer of new knowledge much simpler than is possible at present. A brief history of computer-aided control system design (CACSD) is given. Advantages of sophisticated graphical user interfaces and standards for user interface development are discussed. A description of how an existing CACSD package has been redesigned to take on board the latest user interface technology is included.< >

关键词： User interfaces control systems Packaging History Power engineering and energy computer graphics Workstations computer interfaces Application software Design engineering

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Indirect Adaptive control: An Integrated Approach

Indirect Adaptive Control: An Integrated Approach

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American control Conference (ACC)

作者： Graham C. Goodwin Mario E. Salgado Richard H. Middleton Department of Electronics Engineering A.I.S.S.M.S College of Engineering University of Pune India Centre for Industrial Control Science Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Newcastle N.S.W. 2308 Australia.

The aim of this paper is to present the basis of the adaptive control approach being pursued in the Centre for Industrial control Science at the University of Newcastle. A key feature of this approach is the separate optimization of procedures for estimation and on-line control law synthesis. Regarding the estimation module, attention is given to such features as data filtering, the response of the estimator, techniques for handling unmodelled dynamics and the question of numerical accuracy. Regarding the control law synthesis module, attention is given to robustness to unstructured modelling errors, disturbance and set-point feedforward techniques and implementation issues. In the paper, these various aspects are illustrated by reference to a case study problem proposed by Mike Master and Herb Cohn from Texas Instruments.

关键词： Adaptive control Programmable control control systems Sampling methods Filtering Robust control Error correction Instruments Electrical equipment industry Industrial control

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A power method for the structured singular value

A power method for the structured singular value

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IEEE Conference on Decision and control

作者： A. Packard M.K.H. Fan J. Doyle Systems and Control Sciences Honeywell Systems and Research Center Inc. Minneapolis MN USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA USA Department of Electrical Engineering & Systems Research Center University of Maryland College Park MD USA Department of Electrical Engineering Pasadena CA USA

An iterative algorithm is presented to compute lower bounds for the structured singular value ( mu ). The algorithm resembles a mixture of power methods for eigenvalues and singular values, since the structured singular value can be viewed as a generalization of both. If the algorithm converges, a lower bound for mu results. The authors prove that mu is always an equilibrium point of the algorithm. However, since in general there are many equilibrium points, some heuristic ideas to achieve convergence are presented. Extensive numerical experience with the algorithm is discussed.< >

关键词： Iterative algorithms Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions Convergence Upper bound Yield estimation Performance analysis Robustness Uncertainty control systems Educational institutions

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