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Is the aspect ratio of cells important in deep learning? A robust comparison of deep learning methods for multi-scale cytopathology cell image classification: From convolutional neural networks to visual transformers

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Liu, Wanli Li, Chen Rahaman, Md Mamunur Jiang, Tao Sun, Hongzan Wu, Xiangchen Hu, Weiming Chen, Haoyuan Sun, Changhao Yao, Yudong Grzegorzek, Marcin Microscopic Image and Medical Image Analysis Group College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang110169 China School of Control Engineering Chengdu University of Information Technology Chengdu610225 China Shengjing Hospital China Medical University Shenyang110001 China Suzhou Ruiguan Technology Company Ltd. Suzhou215000 China Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang110169 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stevens Institute of Technology HobokenNJ07030 United States Institute of Medical Informatics University of Luebeck Luebeck Germany

Cervical cancer is a very common and fatal type of cancer in women. Cytopathology images are often used to screen for this cancer. Given that there is a possibility that many errors can occur during manual screening, a computer-aided diagnosis system based on deep learning has been developed. Deep learning methods require a fixed dimension of input images, but the dimensions of clinical medical images are inconsistent. The aspect ratios of the images suffer while resizing them directly. Clinically, the aspect ratios of cells inside cytopathological images provide important information for doctors to diagnose cancer. Therefore, it is difficult to resize directly. However, many existing studies have resized the images directly and have obtained highly robust classification results. To determine a reasonable interpretation, we have conducted a series of comparative experiments. First, the raw data of the SIPaKMeD dataset are pre-processed to obtain standard and scaled datasets. Then, the datasets are resized to 224 × 224 pixels. Finally, 22 deep learning models are used to classify the standard and scaled datasets. The results of the study indicate that deep learning models are robust to changes in the aspect ratio of cells in cervical cytopathological images. This conclusion is also validated via the Herlev dataset. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Aspect ratio

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Dynamic Mode Decomposition and Robust Estimation: Case Study of a 2D Turbulent Boussinesq Flow

Dynamic Mode Decomposition and Robust Estimation: Case Study...

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American control Conference

作者： Sanjana Vijayshankar Saleh Nabi Ankush Chakrabarty Piyush Grover Mouhacine Benosman Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA Control and Dynamical Systems Group Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories Cambridge MA USA Data Analytics Group Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories Cambridge MA USA

ISBN: (数字)9781538682661

ISBN: (纸本)9781538682678

This paper focuses on an application of dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) identification methods and robust estimation theory to thermo-fluid systems modelled by the Boussinesq equations. First, we use Dynamic Mode Decomposition with control (DMDc) to construct a reduced order linear model for the Boussinesq equations. Due to inherent model uncertainties in real applications, we propose robust estimators that minimize an H_∞ norm from disturbance to estimation error. The disturbances we consider here stem from uncertainty in boundary conditions and unknown inputs acting on walls. Numerical simulations on a challenging turbulent flow, of the 2D Boussinesq equations, is used to demonstrate the potential of our approach.

关键词： Mathematical model Robustness Observers Uncertainty Boundary conditions Atmospheric modeling

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3D Smith chart constant quality factor semicircles contours for positive and negative resistance circuits

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Asavei, Victor Muller, Andrei A. Sanabria-Codesal, Esther Moldoveanu, Alin Ionescu, Adrian M. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Automatic Control and Computers University Politehnica of Bucharest Bucharest060042 Romania Lausanne1015 Switzerland Departamento de Matemática Aplicada Universitat Politècnica de València Valencia Spain

The article proves first that the constant quality factor (Q) contours for passive circuits, while represented on a 2D Smith chart, form circle arcs on a coaxal circle family. Furthermore, these circle arcs represent semi-circles families in the north hemisphere while represented on a 3D Smith chart. On the contrary we show that the constant Q contours for active circuits with negative resistance form complementary circle arcs on the same family of coaxal circles in the exterior of the 2D Smith chart. Also, we find out that these constant Q contours represent complementary semi-circles in the south hemisphere while represented on the 3D Smith chart for negative resistance circuits. The constant Q - computer aided design (CAD) implementation of the Q semi-circles on the 3D Smith chart is then successfully used to evaluate the quality factor variations of newly fabricated Vanadium dioxide inductors first, directly from their reflection coefficient, as the temperature is increased from room temperature to 50 degrees Celsius (°C). Thus, a direct multi-parameter frequency dependent analysis is proposed including Q, inductance and reflection coefficient for inductors. Then, quality factor direct analysis is used for two tunnel diode small signal equivalent circuits analysis, allowing for the first time the Q and input impedance direct analysis on Smith chart representation of a circuit, including negative resistance. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Timing circuits

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Pattern Prediction in Networks of Diffusively Coupled Nonlinear Systems

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2018年第33期51卷 62-67页

作者： Rogov, K. Pogromsky, A. Steur, E. Michiels, W. Nijmeijer, H. Department of Mechanical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Netherlands Delft Center for Systems and Control Delft University of Technology Netherlands Department of Computer Science Catholic University of Leuven Belgium

In this paper, we present a method aiming at pattern prediction in networks of diffusively coupled nonlinear systems. Interconnecting several globally asymptotical stable systems into a network via diffusion can result in diffusion-driven instability phenomena, which may lead to pattern formation in coupled systems. Some of the patterns may co-exist which implies the multi-stability of the network. Multi-stability makes the application of common analysis methods, such as the direct Lyapunov method, highly involved. We develop a numerically efficient method in order to analyze the oscillatory behavior occurring in such networks. We show that the oscillations appear via a Hopf bifurcation and therefore display sinusoidal-like behavior in the neighborhood of the bifurcation point. This allows to use the describing function method in order to replace a nonlinearity by its linear approximation and then to analyze the system of linear equations by means of the multivariable harmonic balance method. The method cannot be directly applied to a network consisting of systems of any structure and here we present the multivariable harmonic balance method for networks with a general system's structure and dynamics. © 2018

关键词： Complex networks Hopf bifurcation Lyapunov methods Nonlinear systems Complex dynamical networks Coupled nonlinear systems Describing function methods Diffusion driven instability Harmonic Balance method In networks System of linear equations Theory

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Three-Phase D-STATCOM with Digital Current control Strategy in abc-Reference Frame

Three-Phase D-STATCOM with Digital Current Control Strategy ...

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International Conference on Computing, Mathematics and engineering Technologies (iCoMET)

作者： Tiago Davi Curi Busarello Kamran Zeb Muhammad Asim Sarwar Hee Je Kim Depart. Control Automation and Computation Engineering Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC Blumenau Brazil School of Electrical Engineering School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. Pusan National University National University of Sciences and Technology Busan South Korea Department Of Electrical Engineering Sukkur IBA University Pakistan School of Electrical Engineering Pusan National University Busan South Korea

ISBN: (数字)9781728149707

ISBN: (纸本)9781728149714

This paper proposes a Three-phase D-STATCOM with digital current control strategy in abc- reference frame. The proposal D-STATCOM does not use a PLL and the reactive power is transferred to the grid through controlling the D-STATCOM output current. The current controller has one zero and two poles. This type of controller is also known as Type-2 controller. The procedure to tune the controller is explained. The Conservative Power Theory (CPT) is used to compute the reactive power of the loads. A case study shows the behavior of the D-STACOM during initialization, during load transitions and during steady-state conditions. The results show the efficacy of the proposed D-STATCOM.

关键词： Automatic voltage control Reactive power Transfer functions Phase locked loops Mathematical model Filtering theory

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Robust beamforming design for covert communications

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Ma, Shuai Zhang, Yunqi Li, Hang Lu, Songtao Al-Dhahir, Naofal Zhang, Sha Li, Shiyin School of Information and Control Engineering China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou221116 China National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing210096 China Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data Shenzhen Guangdong518172 China IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center Yorktown HeightsNY10598 United States Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Texas at Dallas DallasTX75080 United States Shenzhen Institute of Radio Testing and Tech Shenzhen518000 China

In this paper, we consider a common unicast beamforming network where Alice utilizes the communication to Carol as a cover and covertly transmits a message to Bob without being recognized by Willie. We investigate the beamformer design of Alice to maximize the covert rate to Bob when Alice has either perfect or imperfect knowledge about Willie’s channel state information (WCSI). For the perfect WCSI case, the problem is formulated under the perfect covert constraint, and we develop a covert beamformer by applying semidefinite relaxation and the bisection method. Then, to reduce the computational complexity, we further propose a zero-forcing beamformer design with a single iteration processing. For the case of the imperfect WCSI, the robust beamformer is developed based on a relaxation and restriction approach by utilizing the property of Kullback-Leibler divergence. Furthermore, we derive the optimal decision threshold of Willie, and analyze the false alarm and the missed detection probabilities in this case. Finally, the performance of the proposed beamformer designs is evaluated through numerical experiments. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Channel state information

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Modeling and analysis of operation boundary for cascaded H-bridge energy storage system with inner phase rapid state of charge balancing 8

Modeling and analysis of operation boundary for cascaded H-b...

引用

8th Renewable Power Generation Conference, RPG 2019

作者： Ling, Yunjun Tian, Kai Zhu, Lin Li, Xuguang Farragut High School KnoxvilleTN United States Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781839531255

Battery energy storage system (BESS) offers various kinds of power system applications with high flexibility and reliability. Cascaded H-bridge (CHB) topology is one of the most promising topologies for large scale BESS. Due to its vital role in energy management, the state of charge (SOC) of BESS is given high importance. This paper focuses on the study of the influence of SOC on the operating boundary of battery energy storage systems. The SOC, boundary of input/output active power, and boundary of reactive power are coupled together. Based on the real 2MW*0.5h/10kV BESS in Baoqing battery energy storage station, Shenzhen, China, the mathematical model of typical single-stage cascaded H-bridge (CHB) BESS is established. Through the aggregation algorithm, a model of the relationship between the potential of the BESS and the SOC is proposed. Considering the BESS potential, current slew and voltage drop across the grid-connection inductors, which determines the input/output currents, the boundaries of input/output active power and reactive power of BESS are analyzed according to SOC range. Finally, the conclusions about the design and operation of the battery energy storage system are presented. © 2019 Institution of engineering and Technology. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topology

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User-configurable decision support system for clinical risk management 11th

User-configurable decision support system for clinical risk ...

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2020 Annual International Conference on Brain-Inspired Cognitive Architectures for Artificial Intelligence: Eleventh Annual Meeting of the BICA Society, BICA*AI 2020

作者： Kleymenova, Elena Dronov, Mikhail Yashina, Liubov Matrosova, Elena Payushchik, Svetlana Nigmatkulova, Maria Otdelenov, Vitaly General Medical Center of the Bank of Russia Sevastopolsky pr.66 Moscow117593 Russia National Research Nuclear University MEPhI Moscow Engineering Physics Institute Kashirskoe shosse 31 Moscow115409 Russia Faculty of Physics M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Leninskie Gory GSP-1 Moscow119991 Russia Information Technology Department Moscow City University Vtoroy Selskohoziajstvenny proezd 4 Moscow129226 Russia Federal Research Center Computer Science and Control Russian Academy of Sciences Vavilova str. 44 Moscow119333 Russia Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education Barrikadnaya st. 2/1 Moscow125993 Russia

The paper describes an application of relational structure-independent database for the design of user-configurable information system aimed at the intellectual support of clinical risk management in a hospital. The system represents a clinical decision support system (CDSS) and includes three modules: prevention of hospital-acquired adverse events (HA-AE), HA-AE prevention processes and audit of HA-AE cases. Thanks to flexible system configuration and graphic user interface, the clinical experts are able to compose complex knowledge artifacts directly working with the system, without engagement of knowledge engineers for supporting knowledge formalization or highly skilled professionals to ensure the physical layer performance. The successful practical approval of CDSS in a medical facility opens up prospects for a new level of cognitive support for diagnostic and treatment processes, patient safety improvement and healthcare costs reduction. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Decision support systems

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RIS-Aided Next-Generation High-Speed Train Communications: Challenges, Solutions, and Future Directions

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Liu, Heng Zhang, Jiayi Wu, Qingqing Jin, Yu Chen, Yuanbin Ai, Bo School of Electronics and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City University of Macau 999078 China State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau 999078 China State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China

High-speed train (HST) communication is a very challenging scenario in wireless communication systems due to its fast time-varying channels and significant penetration loss. Thanks to the low cost and smart channel reconfiguration ability, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has been proposed as a promising technology to solve the aforementioned challenges costeffectively and to achieve high spectral and energy-efficiency in the next-generation HST communication systems. In this article, we first provide a novel RIS-aided HST wireless communication paradigm, including its main challenges and application scenarios. Then, we propose practical solutions are provided to realize efficient signal processing and resource management in the considered system. Finally, future directions of RIS-aided HST communication systems are pointed out to inspire further investigation in future work. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Railroads

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Research progress on coprime array signal processing: Direction-of-arrival estimation and adaptive beamforming

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Journal of Radars 2019年第5期8卷 558-577页

作者： Zhou, Chengwei Zheng, Hang Gu, Yujie Wang, Yong Shi, Zhiguo College of Control Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Temple University PhiladelphiaPA19122 United States

Array signal processing is an essential tool in broad radar applications. The coprime array has recently been proposed to overcome the bottleneck caused by the Nyquist spatial sampling rate. The coprime array, whose sparse structure and undersampling feature drastically decrease necessary computational and hardware cost, provides a theoretical foundation and technical basis for the increasing demands of its practical applications. Considering its superior performance in degrees-of-freedom, spatial resolution, and computational complexity, research on coprime array signal processing has attracted much attention. This paper reviews recent research progress on coprime array signal processing, which has focused on both the Direction-of-Arrival (DOA) estimation and adaptive beamforming. From the perspective of coprime array DOA estimation, this paper summarizes two typical approaches, namely the coprime subarray decomposition-based approach and the virtual array signal processing-based approach. Moreover, recent work on low-complexity and super-resolution DOA estimation via compressive sensing and gridless techniques is also introduced. From the perspective of coprime array adaptive beamforming, the differences and relationships between DOA estimation and beamforming in the framework of coprime array signal processing are discussed, and an efficient, robust, and adaptive beamformer design tailored for the coprime array is introduced. Advantages and the future directions of coprime array signal processing are discussed, along with the theoretical basis and a technical reference for practical radar applications. © 2019 Institute of Electronics Chinese Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

关键词： Beamforming

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