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Profiling Adaptive Immunity: A Quantitative Framework for Immune Repertoire Dynamics and Clinical Diagnostics

Fundamental Research 2025年

作者： Yexing Chen Haiwen Ni Yongjie Li Jin Ma Chen Huang Sixian Yang Xiangfei Xie Haitao Lv Min Li Peng Cao State Key Laboratory of Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210000 China Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210000 China Department of Hematology Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine The First Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210000 China Children’s Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 215000 China Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230000 China Department of Computer Science College of Engineering and Applied Science University of Cincinnati Cincinnati 45221 USA Department of Oncology Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210000 China

While immune repertoire(IR) dynamics encode critical disease signatures, existing models fail to capture the non-equilibrium processes that governing clonal selection and somatic hypermutation (SHM). We develop a biophysical framework that mathematically reconstructs IR evolution through energy landscape optimization, where 1) clonal emergence probabilities map to metastable states, 2) repertoire transitions obey non-equilibrium dynamics, and 3) inter-IR distances quantify the distribution transformation costs via optimal transport theory. This model enables macroscopic immune state detection from 10k cells by resolving critical fluctuations in sparse sampling regimes. Experimental validation across murine/human cohorts demonstrates precise unsupervised stratification of immune stages and disease states without prior clinical annotations. By bridging stochastic SHM kinetics with deterministic repertoire shifts, our approach establishes quantitative metrics for tracking immunological trajectories and pathological progression. This paradigm shift from static pattern recognition to dynamic process decoding empowers sensitive immunomonitoring and personalized therapeutic design through ultra-low-input clinical sampling.

关键词： Deductive reasoning Immune repertoire analysis Repertoire shift quantification Early disease screening Systemic immunity inference Kawasaki disease Colorectal cancer

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Triple Generalized-Inverse Neural Network for Diagnosis of Flat Foot

Triple Generalized-Inverse Neural Network for Diagnosis of F...

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第三十八届中国控制会议

作者： Liangming Chen Long Jin Yuhe Li Mei Liu Bolin Liao Chenfu Yi Zhongbo Sun School of Information Science and Engineering Lanzhou University Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Sports Assistive Device Guangzhou Sport University College of Information Science and Engineering Jishou University College of Mathematics and Computer Science Gannan Normal University Department of Control Engineering Changchun University of Technology

Traditional gradient-based neural networks may fall into local minima, and because these networks involve with lengthy iteration process, they are not fast enough. By the generalized-inverse method, the least squares solution with the smallest2-norm can be obtained. For traditional neural networks based on generalized-inverse method, the weights from the hidden layer to the output layer and the biases are generated by a random approach;the weights from the hidden layer to the output layer are calculated with the aid of generalized-inverse method. In triple generalized-inverse neural network(TGINN) proposed in this paper, all the weight matrixes from one layer to another are calculated with the aid of generalized-inverse method, as well as for biases of neurons in the hidden layer. Comparison experiments between TGINN and other models are carried out, and the experimental results illustrate the superiority of the proposed TGINN.

关键词： Neural network computer-aided diagnosis Generalized-inverse method Flat foot

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A Unifying Approach to Maximal Permissiveness in Modular control of Discrete-Event Systems

A Unifying Approach to Maximal Permissiveness in Modular Con...

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IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and control

作者： Jan Komenda Feng Lin Jan H. van Schuppen Institute of Mathematics Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Brno Czech Republic Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Wayne State University Detroit MI USA Van Schuppen Control Research Amsterdam The Netherlands

ISBN: (数字)9781728113982

ISBN: (纸本)9781728113999

In this paper, a unifying approach to maximal permissiveness in modular control of discrete-event systems is proposed. It is based on three important concepts of modular closed-loops: monotonicity, distributivity, and exchangeability. Monotonicity of various closed-loops satisfying a given property considered in this paper holds whenever the underlying property is preserved under language unions. Distributivity holds if the inverse projections of local plants satisfy the given property with respect to each other. Among new results, sufficient conditions are proposed for distributed computation of supremal relatively observable sublanguages.

关键词： Generators Observability Supervisory control controllability Discrete-event systems Gold Observers

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Analysis of Harmonics Detection and their Filtration by using Active Band Pass Filter for Domestic Appliances

Analysis of Harmonics Detection and their Filtration by usin...

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IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and engineering (CASE)

作者： Ehtisham Lodhi Zeeshan Lodhi Zhu Fenghua Gang Xiong Feiyue Wang Waheed ur Rehman Tariku Sinshaw The SKL for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering COMSATS University Islamabad Abbottabad Campus Pakistan Guangdong Engineering Research Center of 3D Printing and Intelligent Manufacturing Cloud Computing Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Dongguan Guangdong China Beijing Engineering Research Center of Intellectual System and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China College of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Electronics Technologies Beijing University of Technology Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9781728169040

ISBN: (纸本)9781728169057

In modern era, one of the rising power quality (PQ) concern is harmonics distortion (HD). The HD is usually produced by increase in the utilization of nonlinear user loads at domestic level. It not only spoils the PQ but also have harmful effects on electrical appliances. So, this paper presents a new approach to mitigate the HD in home appliances rapidly by utilizing the active band pass filter (ABPF). The fast Fourier transform (FFT) technique is employed for the detection of harmonics in appliances. The band pass filter dramatically affects the response time of active filter. The suggested control methodology is capable to eliminate harmonics from distorted input voltage waveform and provides a pure sinusoidal waveform. The prototype of this model is also implemented. Experimental results along with simulation show that the proposed model is quite effective in eliminating HD despite load variations and also useful to compensate the reactive power in electronic home appliances. Hence, this technique is cost effective for domestic users with high quality performance in all aspects.

关键词： Power harmonic filters Harmonic analysis Band-pass filters Harmonic distortion Home appliances

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Actuation attacks on constrained linear systems: A set-theoretic analysis

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Trodden, P.A. Maestre, J.M. Ishii, H. Department of Automatic Control Ystems Engineering University of Sheffield Sheffield United Kingdom Departmento de Ingenieria de Sistemas y Automatica University of Seville Seville Spain Department of Computer Science Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama Japan

This paper considers a constrained discrete-time linear system subject to actuation attacks. The attacks are modelled as false data injections to the system, such that the total input (control input plus injection) satisfies hard input constraints. We establish a sufficient condition under which it is not possible to maintain the states of the system within a compact state constraint set for all possible realizations of the actuation attack. The developed condition is a simple function of the spectral radius of the system, the relative sizes of the input and state constraint sets, and the proportion of the input constraint set allowed to the attacker. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Linear systems

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Strong Consistency of Variable Selection for Stationary Linear Stochastic Systems

Strong Consistency of Variable Selection for Stationary Line...

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第三十八届中国控制会议

作者： ZHAO Wenxiao YIN G.George BAI Er-Wei Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Mathematics Wayne State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Iowa

In this paper, we consider the variable selection for linear stochastic systems. A modified LASSO-type estimator is introduced. Then based on the classical persistent excitation(PE) for systems identification, the strong consistency of the estimates is established, i.e., the zero elements in the unknown parameter vector being correctly identified and estimates for the nonzero elements in the unknown parameter vector converging to the true values with probability one. Compared with the existing results on similar topics, the strong consistency of estimates is established while in existing literature only the convergence in probability was obtained. For this, new theoretical analysis method is adopted in this paper.

关键词： Variable Selection Linear Stochastic System Strong Consistency

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Damping a pendulum's swing by string length adjustment - design and comparison of various control methods

Damping a pendulum's swing by string length adjustment - des...

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American control Conference (ACC)

作者： Milan Anderle Wim Michiels Sergej Čelikovský Tomáš Vyhlídal The Czech Academy of Sciences Institute of Information Theory and Automation (UTIA AV ČR) Prague 8 Czech Republic Department of Computer Science Heverlee Belgium Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Czech Republic

A novel nonlinear control theory based feedback controller is proposed to damp the oscillations of the suspended load (pendulum) using the active modification of the length of the suspension string. This setting is a highly nonlinear one since the approximate linearization around the equilibrium working point is neither controllable, nor asymptotically stabilizable. The nonlinear design of the control law is therefore based on the conveniently selected control Lyapunov function. The resulting control law is then compared to the previously developed time-delay feedback control law, both in simulations and using the laboratory experimental realization of the suspended load system. Despite the fact that in the simulations the time-delay feedback control law suppresses the oscillations better than the nonlinear control law, in the experiments the performance of the time-delay feedback and of the nonlinear control law are rather similar. Moreover, the former keeps the pendulum string length oscillating, the latter stabilizes the nominal string length as well. Finally, the numerical optimization shows that the ideal damping would be provided by the impulsive-like control producing piece-wise constant string length dynamics.

关键词： Oscillators Mathematical model Damping Aerospace electronics Adaptive control Lyapunov methods Force

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Magnetic Tracking: A Facile Magnetic System for Tracking of Medical Devices (Adv. Mater. Technol. 6/2021)

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Advanced Materials Technologies 2021年第6期6卷

作者： Liam Swanepoel Nouf Alsharif Alexander Przybysz Pieter Fourie Pierre Goussard Mohammad Asadullah Khan Abdullah Almansouri Jurgen Kosel Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Makkah 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch Western Cape 7600 South Africa Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering The University of Sheffield Sheffield S1 3JD UK Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Jeddah Jeddah Makkah 21959 Saudi Arabia Department of Sensor Systems Silicon Austria Labs Villach 9524 Austria

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Robustness Of Stochastic Learning Dynamics To Player Heterogeneity In Games

Robustness Of Stochastic Learning Dynamics To Player Heterog...

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IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and control

作者： Hassan Jaleel Waseem Abbas Jeff S. Shamma Department of Electrical Engineering Lahore University of Management Science (LUMS) Lahore Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA Robotics Intelligent Systems & Control (RISC) Lab King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (数字)9781728113982

ISBN: (纸本)9781728113999

We investigate the impact of players with heterogeneous update rules on the long-term behavior of a population under stochastic learning dynamics. We show that under certain conditions, the presence of even a single heterogeneous player with a different decision making strategy can significantly alter the long-term behavior of the entire population. To quantify the impact of a heterogeneous player, we define a new notion of robustness of stochastic learning dynamics to player heterogeneity. Based on our proposed notion, an action profile that is stochastically stable under the standard setup is robust to player heterogeneity if it can still explain the long-run behavior of all the players other than the heterogeneous players. We consider two types of heterogeneous players: A confused player who randomly updates his actions and a stubborn player who never updates his action. For each of these types, we present a qualitative description of scenarios in which an action profile that is stochastically stable under the standard setup is not robust to the presence of a heterogeneous player of a particular type.

关键词： Robustness Stochastic processes Sociology Statistics Standards Games Resistance

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Automatic Support of the Generation and Maintenance of Assurance Cases 4th

Automatic Support of the Generation and Maintenance of Assur...

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4th International Symposium on Dependable Software engineering: Theories, Tools, and Applications, SETTA 2018

作者： Lin, Chung-Ling Shen, Wuwei Yue, Tao Li, Guangyuan Department of Computer Science Western Michigan University Kalamazoo United States Simula Research Laboratory University of Oslo Oslo Norway State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of Software Beijing China China School of Computer and Control Engineering UCAS Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9783319999326

One of the challenges in developing safety critical systems is to ensure software assurance which encompasses quality attributes such as reliability and security as well as functionality and performance. An assurance case, which lays out an argumentation-structure with supporting evidence to claim that software assurance in a system is achieved, is increasingly considered as an important means to gain confidence that a system has achieved acceptable safety when checking with emerging standards and national guidelines. However, the complexity of modern safety critical applications hinders the automatic integration of heterogeneous artifacts into an assurance case during a development process such as a V-model, let alone the automatic support of system evolution. In this paper, we present a novel framework to automatically generate assurance cases via safety patterns and further support the maintenance of them during a system’s evolution. The application of safety patterns not only enables reusability of previously successful argument structures but also directs the support of assurance maintenance caused by common types of modifications in safety critical domains. The framework is implemented as a prototypical tool built using Model Driven Architecture (MDA). We evaluated the framework with two case studies featuring two criteria and the preliminary experimental results not only show that the framework is useful in evaluation of safety critical systems but also reveal how different types of modification can affect a structure of an assurance case. © 2018, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Reusability

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