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Optimal therapy for HIV infection containment and virions inhibition

Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第1期9卷 10-26页

作者： Paolo Di Giamberardino Daniela Iacoviello Muhammad Zubair Dept.of Computer Control and Management EngineeringSapienzaUniversity of RomeVia Ariosto 2500185RomeItaly

Prevention and early diagnosis are the best and most effective ways for defeating *** is still no vaccine,but treatments with antiretroviral drugs are now available which,in many cases,allow the infection to become ***,research has highlighted side effects of these drugs and the fact that a flare-up of the infection occurs if the therapy is *** recent years,the presence of virus reserves located in various parts of the body,including the brain,has been *** possibility of controlling the infection of healthy cells and of interrupting the proliferation of virions inside the brain has been studied,proposing optimal control strategies.

关键词： Epidemic modeling HIV-AIDS Optimal control

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Radiomics-based classification in imbalanced datasets: Complexity or interpretability

Radiomics-based classification in imbalanced datasets: Compl...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2024

作者： Boesso, Simone Farina, Lorenzo Petti, Manuela Sapienza University of Rome Dept. of Computer Control and Management Engineering Rome Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386226

Radiomics represents a specialized branch of medical imaging where quantitative features are extracted from images. Performing a classification using radiomics means solving two common problems: the imbalanced setting, and the large number of features that would increase the risk of overfitting. Moreover, since its main application and impact are in clinical field, there is the need of interpretable models for explaining their results. The aim of this study is to compare two modelling approaches: one based on a logistic regression model, known for its simplicity and interpretability, and RUSBoost, an ensemble method designed to handle class imbalance with potentially higher complexity, in order to answer the question whether higher complexity and lower interpretability are justified when dealing with radiomics data. Additionally, due to the large literature suggesting it, we analyze the impact of a feature selection step applied to these two classifiers. Test performances measured across 20 repeated splits on two datasets show how the RUSBoost approach is able to capture more detailed patterns of the data but this is highly dependent on the dataset at hand. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Logistic regression

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Exploring the Feasibility of Sleep Quality Evaluation with a Reduced Parameter Set 9

Exploring the Feasibility of Sleep Quality Evaluation with a...

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9th IEEE Smart World Congress, SWC 2023

作者： Guagnano, Michele Groppo, Sara Pugliese, Luigi Violante, Massimo Politecnico di Torino Dept. of Control and Computer Engineering Turin Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798350319804

Sleep covers approximately one-third of life, providing the necessary recovery to fundamental body functions. Sleep deprivation and poor sleep quality cause several side effects in everyday life;among others, the efficiency of the immune system progressively decreases, enhancing the arise of pathologies. Therefore, the evaluation of sleep quality is crucial for providing information about personal health status. However, a uniform and robust method for the assessment of sleep quality is still missing. In this preliminary study, Obstructive Sleep Apneas (OSAs), sleep macro pattern and sleep micro pattern are identified and then combined to provide a comprehensive sleep evaluation. For this purpose, a subset of physiological variables (HR, HRV, SpO2, body movements) is derived from Polysomnography (PSG) and exploited for the development of rule-based algorithms. This reduced parameter set is selected considering further implementations on wearable off-the-shelf commercial devices. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： ECG Hypopnea IOT Obstructive Sleep Apnea Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Sleep Sleep Macro Pattern Sleep Micro Pattern Sleep Quality Smartwatch SpO2

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Early estimation of the number of hidden HIV infected subjects: An extended Kalman filter approach

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第2期8卷 341-355页

作者： Paolo Di Giamberardino Daniela Iacoviello Dept.of Computer Control and Management EngineeringSapienzaUniversity of RomeVia Ariosto 2500185RomeItaly

In the last decades several epidemic emergencies have been affecting the world,influencing the social relationships,the economics and the *** particular,starting in the early 080,the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome,AIDS,is representing one of the most worrying sanitary emergency,that has caused up to now more than 25 million of dead *** infection is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus,HIV,that may be transmitted by body fluids;therefore with wise behaviours the epidemic spread could rapidly be *** sanitary emergency is peculiar for the long incubation time:it can reach even 10 years,a long period in which the individual can unconsciously infect other *** identification of the number of infected unaware people,mandatory to define suitable containment measures,is here obtained by using the extended Kalman filter applied to a noisy model in which,reasonably,only the number of infected diagnosed patients is *** simulations and real data analysis support the effectiveness of the approach.

关键词： Epidemic modeling Infection spread HIV-AIDS Extended Kalman filter

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Optimal control Strategy to Reduce HIV-1 Infection in the Brain 9

Optimal Control Strategy to Reduce HIV-1 Infection in the Br...

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9th International Conference on control, Decision and Information Technologies, CoDIT 2023

作者： Baiocchi, Sofia Blengini, Federica Caleno, Francesca Di Giamberardino, Paolo Iacoviello, Daniela Sapienza University of Rome Dept. of Computer Control and Management Engineering Rome Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798350311402

The study of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and of its progression to Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has been a challenge by scientists since the early 1980s;the improvements in the knowledge of its transmission and of the evolution of the disease have strongly reduced the mortality, even if up to know an effective vaccine is not available. Nevertheless, the Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) allows a high life expectancy. Some of the mechanisms of HIV reproduction are under investigation and recent observations are suggesting the existence of virus reservoir in the brain, the liver, the lungs and the gut. In particular, due to untreated amounts of virus, neurocognitive disorders as well as motor nerves diseases and weakness in muscles are improved in patients already weakened. In this paper it is considered a mathematical modelling to study the within-host viral dynamics, analysing the dynamics of the CD4-T cells, of the macrophages both inside and outside the brain, uninfected and infected, along with the virions carrying on the infection. An optimal control strategy is proposed and implemented,aiming at maximizing the number of healthy cells, while reducing the number of infected ones, scheduling suitably the therapy. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Diseases

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COMPARING WSN PERFORMANCE: TRADITIONAL VS. SDN APPROACH

UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series C: Electrical Engineering an...

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UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series C: Electrical engineering and computer Science 2024年第4期86卷 81-94页

作者： Hamad, Diyar Jamal Yalda, Khirota Gorgees Okumus, Ibrahim Taner Tapus, Nicolae Faculty of Automatic Control and Computer Science University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest Soran Technical college Erbil Polytechnic University Erbil Iraq Computer Engineering Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Kahramanmaras Turkey Dept. of Computer Science University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest Romania

The proliferation of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) in various applications has necessitated the exploration of network architectures that can ensure efficient, scalable, and reliable communication. This study presents a comparative performance evaluation of traditional networking paradigms and Software-Defined Networking (SDN)-based architectures within WSN. Utilizing the Floodlight SDN controller and Mininet-WiFi emulator, we conducted a series of experiments across three different network topologies, varying the number of hosts and access points. The performance metrics focused on are average latency, packet loss percentage, and throughput. The results demonstrate a considerable improvement in all measured parameters under the SDN-based environment compared to the traditional setup. Specifically, SDN environments consistently showcased lower latency, minimal packet loss, and higher throughput, with the most notable difference observed in smaller network configurations. The findings suggest that SDN, with its centralized control plane, can significantly enhance the performance of WSNs, particularly in scenarios demanding rapid scalability and dynamic traffic management. This study underscores the potential of SDN architectures in optimizing WSN operations and lays the groundwork for future research in this domain. © 2024, Politechnica University of Bucharest. All rights reserved.

关键词： Floodlighting

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Effectiveness of computer-based e-Learning and Virtual Reality Training System for the Preparatory Phase of a Training on Maintenance Procedure

Effectiveness of Computer-based e-Learning and Virtual Reali...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics, ICCE 2024

作者： Prattico, Filippo Gabriele Di Cosmo, Debora Piviotti, Matteo La Rosa, Giuseppe Lamberti, Fabrizio Politecnico di Torino Dept. of Control and Computer Engineering Turin Italy Leonardo S.p.a Turin Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798350324136

This work investigates the effectiveness of two training systems based on consumer hardware technologies, a first one using computer-Based Learning (CBL) and the other exploiting Virtual Reality (VR). A user study was executed in order to compare the two training and analyze the most suitable approach for the learning of preparatory material in the context of an industrial assembly and maintenance (IMA) procedure. The results highlighted that, although trainees using VR experienced higher levels of cognitive processing and attention, the knowledge gain of CBL was comparable to that of VR for the preliminary phase training. Nonetheless, VR was still able to provide better learning gains in terms of procedural skills compared to CBL. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： asynchronous distance learning computer aided training industrial assembly and maintenance preparatory material

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BIOPHYSICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR AUTOMATIC ANXIETY CLASSIFICATION IN A VIRTUAL REALITY EXPOSURE THERAPY SYSTEM

UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series C: Electrical Engineering an...

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UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series C: Electrical engineering and computer Science 2024年第2期86卷 73-84页

作者： Jinga, Nicolae Petrescu, Cătălin-Dumitru Mitruț, Oana Moldoveanu, Alin Moldoveanu, Florica Petrescu, Livia Dept. of Computer Science National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest Romania Dept. of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest Romania Faculty of Biology University of Bucharest Romania

This paper presents a signal processing framework for automatic anxiety level classification in a virtual reality exposure therapy system. Two types of biophysical data (heart rate and electrodermal activity) were recorded, pre-processed and passed through a feature extraction procedure that provided input for the real-time anxiety level classification algorithm. We showcase the mathematical and engineering techniques behind the procedures and conclude with the challenges encountered in our research and future development ideas. The proposed method provides a good estimate of the level of anxiety while having at the same time a reduced level of complexity, allowing implementation on equipment with limited computing resources. © 2024, Politechnica University of Bucharest. All rights reserved.

关键词： Classification (of information)

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Closed-Loop System Identification of an Unstable Nonlinear System Using Koopman Operator 4

Closed-Loop System Identification of an Unstable Nonlinear S...

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4th International Symposium on Instrumentation, control, Artificial Intelligence, and Robotics, ICA-SYMP 2025

作者： Maneeloke, Benjaset Boonto, Sudchai Sanposh, Peerayot Tipsuwan, Yodyium Chinthaned, Natthawut Tanaprasitpattana, Warit Kasetsart University Dept. of Electrical Engineering Bangkok Thailand King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Dept. of Control Systems and Instrumentation Engineering Bangkok Thailand Kasetsart University Dept. of Computer Engineering Bangkok Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505400

This paper presents a novel methodology for closed-loop system identification of unstable nonlinear systems using the Koopman operator with Extended Dynamic Mode Decomposition with control (EDMDc). The study highlights the critical role of selecting appropriate observable functions to develop accurate and efficient Koopman models. We demonstrate that the resulting Koopman models exhibit excellent fitting and validation properties and retain the stabilizability of the original nonlinear systems. These models are verified through time and frequency responses under closed-loop control using a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR), confirming their effectiveness. Future work will extend this framework to more complex systems and incorporate machine learning techniques to refine the selection of observable functions. This approach aims further to enhance the adaptability and robustness of Koopman-based control strategies. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Dynamic mode decomposition

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Properties of singular solutions in optimal control problems under input dynamic extension 63

Properties of singular solutions in optimal control problems...

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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and control, CDC 2024

作者： Giamberardino, Paolo Di Iacoviello, Daniela Sapienza University of Rome Dept. of Computer Control and Management Engineering Antonio Ruberti via Ariosto 25 Rome00185 Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

The paper addresses the problem of optimal control design in presence of singular solutions for single input dynamics. The dynamical extension for systems obtained adding an integrator on the input is addressed and analyzed. The possibility of computing the optimal control for dynamically extended systems from the solution of the initial ones is investigated, as well as the inverse procedure. These relationships are well evidenced for the singular solutions, showing the possibility of simplifying the optimal control computation. An example is introduced to better highlight the presented results. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Optimal control systems

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