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INTEGRATION OF SHIP control-systems FOR TOTAL SHIP SURVIVABILITY

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1992年第4期104卷 114-116页

作者： SIMPSON, HL FAMME, JB TAYLOR, B Joseph Famme:is the manager of marine systems CAE-Link Silver Spring Maryland. Mr. Famme joined Link in 1983 where he is responsible for developing marine products including digital control and monitoring systems for ships and submarines. Prior to joining Link then Commander Famme served in the U.S. Navy in all shipboard assignments including command of an FF-1052 class frigate. His engineering duties included supervising new construction sea trials and major mid-life ship overhauls. Mr. Famme has written concept papers defining architectures for future platform control systems and has worked within the simulation industry to introduce the use of distributed computer-based systems for training. He is currently working with various naval organizations and shipbuilding companies to develop the next generation of integrated digital control systems for ships and submarines. Barry Taylor:is the manager of marine systems at CAE Electronics Montreal Canada. CAE is currently supplying the integrated control systems for four classes of ships: the Canadian Patrol Frigate the DDH-280 the USN MHC-51 Minehunter and the SA'AR 5 corvette under construction at Litton - Ingalls Shipbuilding. Prior to joining CAE Electronics in 1987 then Commander Taylor served in the Canadian Navy as an engineering duty officer. His tours included sea duty as the engineering officer on five ships and shore duty assignments including one in the Directorate responsible for ship machinery control systems in the Canadian Navy. Commander Taylor was also the program manager for the Shipboard Integrated Machinery Control System Advanced Development Model (SHINMACS ADM). He has had numerous papers published on integrated ship control systems.

Effective damage control in naval ships has always been an important element of the naval combat equation. After receipt of battle damage, the ship's offensive operational capability depends upon its ability to support or restore vital systems. This in turn depends on the degree of initial damage, the damage control readiness condition of the ship, and effectiveness of the crew in applying the ship's damage control doctrine. In addition to conventional shell, mine, and torpedo threats, the speed and lethality of modern weapon systems presents an increased requirement for damage control readiness. New technology for the monitoring and control of the ship's hull, mechanical, electrical, and damage control (HME&DC) systems is now available with the potential for improving damage control readiness and for aiding the ship's commander in executing his damage control doctrine. This paper will describe the evolution of ship control systems, and discuss the application of current ship control systems technologies to damage control. It will recommend an optimum approach to meeting the requirements of damage control readiness posed by modern day threats, working within the U.S. Navy concept called Total Ship Survivability (TSS).

关键词： Naval Vessels

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IMPROVING THE SHIP DESIGN, ACQUISITION AND CONSTRUCTION PROCESS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1992年第2期104卷 39-57页

作者： RYAN, JC JONS, OP J. Christopher Ryan:earned his bachelor's and master's degrees in Naval Architecture from Webb Institute and MIT respectively. He spent three years at the Advanced Marine Technology Division of Litton Industries working on the DD-963 class ship design and related computer aided design projects. he subsequently went to the Navy Department concentrating on early stage design of surface combatants for 12 years including work on the FFG-7 Sea Control Ship CSGN and CVV aircraft carrier projects. He then shifted focus and became the technical director for the Computer Supported Design Program in NavSea for five years. Mr. Ryan has served in several supervisory positions within the Ship Design Group in NavSea since that time. He is currently the project manager for the Ship Design Acquisition and Construction Process Improvement Project. Otto P. Jons:received a Diplom Ing. in shipbuilding from the Technical University of Hannover W. Germany and an M.S. in naval architecture and marine engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1967. He then joined Litton Ship Systems where he was responsible for the preliminary design of the DD-963 hull structure and then for ship systems as manager LHA Ship Systems Engineering Department. From 1972 to 1974 he was principal research scientist at Hydronautics. In 1976 as technical director he helped establish the local office of Designers and Planners. Otto Jons was one of the co-founders of Advanced Marine Enterprises Inc. in 1976 where he is corporate vice president engineering.

In the spring of 1990, the NavSea Chief Engineer initiated a project to improve the design, acquisition and construction (DAC) of U.S. Navy ships. The project's objectives are to reduce the time and cost of acquiring and operating Navy ships while improving their quality, unlike previous studies on the subject, the project utilizes a rigorous process analysis approach and attempts to use quantitative measures as the basis for recommending improvements. The paper is, of necessity, a status report on the progress of this project. Topics covered include: the DAC process;a look at the current state of ship acquisition time, cost, and quality;the methodology for process improvements;and early findings.

关键词： Naval Vessels

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New style for three-layer channel routing

New style for three-layer channel routing

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and systems (ISCAS)

作者： L.K. Chang K. Nakajima Control Engineering Department National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering Institute of Advanced Computer Studies and Institute of Systems Research University of Maryland College Park MD USA

The authors propose a new style for three-layer channel routing. Liked the horizontal-vertical-horizontal (HVH) model, the middle layer is reserved for all vertical connections to the terminals on both sides of a channel. However, the authors use rectilinear wires on the top and bottom layers to complete the remaining routing. Using this model, the authors develop a channel router and show that it produces optimum solutions to all the benchmark examples tested. The algorithm runs in O(n/sup 2/w+wl) time, where n, w, and l are the number of nets, the channel width, and the sum of lengths of wires for the nets, respectively. It was implemented in C on a Sun 3/160 workstation. The experimental results are provided.< >

关键词： Routing Wire Wiring control engineering Educational institutions Benchmark testing Integrated circuit layout Heuristic algorithms Councils

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MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SUBMARINE PROPULSION systems

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1991年第3期103卷 141-157页

作者： SWALLOM, DW SADOVNIK, I GIBBS, JS GUROL, H NGUYEN, LV VANDENBERGH, HH Daniel W. Swallomis the director of military power systems at Avco Research Laboratory Inc. a subsidiary of Textron Inc. in Everett Mass. Dr. Swallom received his B.S. M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in mechanical engineering from the University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa in 1969 1970 and 1972 respectively. He has authored numerous papers in the areas of power propulsion and plasma physics and currently is a member of the Aerospace Power Systems Technical Committee of the AIAA. Dr. Swallom has directed various programs for the development of advanced power generation systems lightweight power conditioning systems and advanced propulsion systems for marine applications. His previous experience includes work with Odin International Corporation Maxwell Laboratories Inc. Argonne National Laboratory and the Air Force Aero Propulsion Laboratory. Currently Dr. Swallom is directing the technical efforts to apply magnetohydrodynamic principles to a variety of propulsion and power applications for various marine vehicles and power system requirements respectively. Isaac Sadovnikis a principal research engineer in the Energy Technology Office at Avco Research Laboratory Inc. a subsidiary of Textron Inc. He received his B.S. in engineering (1974) B.S. in physics (1975) M.S. in aeronautics and astronautics (1976) and Ph.D. in physics of fluids (1981) at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dr. Sadovnik has been involved in research work funded by DARPA concerning the use of magnetohydrodynamics for underwater propulsion. He has built theoretical models that predict the hydrodynamic behavior of seawater flow through magnetohydrodynamic ducts and their interaction with the rest of the vehicle (thrust and drag produced). In addition Dr. Sadovnik has been involved in research investigations geared toward the NASP program concerning the use of magnetohydrodynamic combustion-driven accelerator channels. Prior to joining Avco Dr. Sadovnik was a research assistant at MIT where he conducted experimental and

Magnetohydrodynamic propulsion systems for submarines offer several significant advantages over conventional propeller propulsion systems. These advantages include the potential for greater stealth characteristics, increased maneuverability, enhanced survivability, elimination of cavitation limits, greater payload capability, and the addition of a significant emergency propulsion system. These advantages can be obtained with a magnetohydrodynamic propulsion system that is neutrally bouyant and can operate with the existing submarine propulsion system power plant. A thorough investigation of magnetohydrodynamic propulsion systems for submarine applications has been completed. During the investigation, a number of geometric configurations were examined. Each of these configurations and mounting concepts was optimized for maximum performance for a generic attack class submarine. The optimization considered each thruster individually by determining the optimum operating characteristics for each one and accepting only those thrusters that result in a neutrally buoyant propulsion system. The results of this detailed optimization study show that the segmented, annular thruster is the concept with the highest performance levels and greatest efficiency and offers the greatest potential for a practical magnetohydrodynamic propulsion system for attack class submarines. The optimization study results were used to develop a specific point design for a segmented, annular magnetohydrodynamic thruster for an attack class submarine. The design point case has shown that this thruster may be able to provide the necessary thrust to propel an attack class submarine at the required velocity with the potential for a substantial acoustic signature reduction within the constraints of the existing submarine power plant and the maintenance of neutral buoyancy. This innovative magnetohydrodynamic propulsion system offers an approach for submarine propulsion that can be an important contributio

关键词： Ship Propulsion

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computer-SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE CONCEPTS FOR FUTURE COMBAT systems

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1990年第3期102卷 43-62页

作者： ZITZMAN, LH FALATKO, SM PAPACH, JL Dr. Lewis H. Zitzman:is the group supervisor of the Advanced Systems Design Group Fleet Systems Department The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL). He has been employed at JHU/APL since 1972 performing applied research in computer science and in investigating and applying advanced computer technologies to Navy shipboard systems. He is currently chairman of Aegis Computer Architecture Data Bus and Fiber Optics Working Group from which many concepts for this paper were generated. Dr. Zitzman received his B.S. degree in physics from Brigham Young University in 1963 and his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in physics from the University of Illinois in 1967 and 1972 respectively. Stephen M. Falatko:was a senior engineering analyst in the Combat Systems Engineering Department Comptek Research Incorporated for the majority of this effort. He is currently employed at ManTech Services Corporation. During his eight-year career first at The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory and currently with ManTech Mr. Falatko's work has centered around the development of requirements and specifications for future Navy systems and the application of advanced technology to Navy command and control systems. He is a member of both the Computer Architecture Fiber Optics and Data Bus Working Group and the Aegis Fiber Optics Working Group. Mr. Falatko received his B.S. degree in aerospace engineering with high distinction from the University of Virginia in 1982 and his M.S. degree in applied physics from The Johns Hopkins University in 1985. Mr. Falatko is a member of Tau Beta Pi Sigma Gamma Tau the American Society of Naval Engineers and the U.S. Naval Institute. Janet L. Papach:is a section leader and senior engineering analyst in the Combat Systems Engineering Department Comptek Research Incorporated. She has ten years' experience as an analyst supporting NavSea Spa War and the U.S. Department of State. She currently participates in working group efforts under Aegis Combat System Doctrin

This paper sets forth computer systems architecture concepts for the combat system of the 2010–2030 timeframe that satisfy the needs of the next generation of surface combatants. It builds upon the current Aegis computer systems architecture, expanding that architecture while preserving, and adhering to, the Aegis fundamental principle of thorough systems engineering, dedicated to maintaining a well integrated, highly reliable, and easily operable combat system. The implementation of these proposed computer systems concepts in a coherent architecture would support the future battle force capable combat system and allow the expansion necessary to accommodate evolutionary changes in both the threat environment and the technology then available to effectively counter that threat. Changes to the current Aegis computer architecture must be carefully and effectively managed such that the fleet will retain its combat readiness capability at all times. This paper describes a possible transition approach for evolving the current Aegis computer architecture to a general architecture for the future. The proposed computer systems architecture concepts encompass the use of combinations of physically distributed, microprocessor-based computers, collocated with the equipment they support or embedded within the equipment itself. They draw heavily on widely used and available industry standards, including instruction set architectures (ISAs), backplane busses, microprocessors, computer programming languages and development environments, and local area networks (LANs). In this proposal, LANs, based on fiber optics, will provide the interconnection to support system expandability, redundancy, and higher data throughput rates. A system of cross connected LANs will support a high level of combat system integration, spanning the major warfare areas, and will facilitate the coordination and development of a coherent multi-warfare tactical picture supporting the future combatant command st

关键词： computer Architecture

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Reconfigurable flight controller for the STOL F-15 with sensor/actuator failures

Reconfigurable flight controller for the STOL F-15 with sens...

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IEEE National Conference on Aerospace and Electronics (NAECON)

作者： D.L. Pogoda P.S. Maybeck Advanced Flight Control Unit of the Aircraft Control Systems Department General Electric Company Limited Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Air Force Institute of Technology OH USA

A multiple model adaptive controller that provides for reconfiguration in response to sensor and/or actuator failures is developed for an approach and landing profile for the short take-off and landing (STOL) F-15 aircraft. Each elemental controller within the multiple model controller is based on a command generator tracker/proportional plus integral/Kalman filter design, with residual monitoring used as the mechanism to select the appropriate controller. The elemental controllers are each based on an assumed system status: no failures or a single failed surface or sensor. controller selection is evaluated for controller mixing based on all algorithm-computed probabilities of each elemental controller being the 'correct' controller to use. The entire multiple model controller is evaluated against a truth model with a selected failure, and then repeating the process for all failure modes of interest.< >

关键词： Pi control Proportional control Programmable control Adaptive control Actuators Aircraft Aerospace control Condition monitoring control systems Sensor systems

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DOCTRINAL AUTOMATION IN NAVAL COMBAT systems - THE EXPERIENCE AND THE FUTURE

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1987年第3期99卷 74-79页

作者： GERSH, JR The authoris a principal staff engineer at The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory where he supervises the AAW Operations Section of the Combat Direction Group. Since joining JHU/APL in 1980 he has been involved in the specification development and testing of advanced surface combat direction systems specializing in the application of rule-based control mechanisms to command and control problems. In 1985-86 he chaired the Doctrine Working Group of the Naval Sea Systems Command's Combat Direction System Engineering Committee. Mr. Gersh served in the U.S. Navy from 1968 to 1977 as a sonar technician and as a junior officer (engineering and gunnery) aboard Atlantic Fleet frigates and as a member of the U.S. Naval Academy's Electrical Engineering faculty. He was educated at Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology receiving S. B. S. M. and E. E. degrees in electrical engineering from the latter. He holds certificates as a commercial pilot and flight instructor and is a member of the U.S. Naval Institute the IEEE Computer Society and the American Association for Artificial Intelligence.

For the last four years the most advanced surface combat direction system (CDS) of the U.S. Navy has employed a limited knowledge-based control mechanism. Implemented in the Aegis Weapon System's command and decision element, this capability is called control by doctrine, and is a foundation for the Ticonderoga class cruisers' exceptional performance. control by doctrine allows CIC personnel to direct that certain CDS functions be performed automatically upon tracks with specified characteristics. In effect, these CDS functions, from identification to engagement, can now be controlled through the specification and activation of general system response rules rather than by individual operator actions. The set of active rules, called doctrine statements, forms a system knowledge-base. The advanced Combat Direction System, Block 1, successor to today's Naval Tactical Data System, will also employ control by doctrine. As part of a larger effort investigating Aegis/ACDS commonality issues, a Doctrine Working Group was chartered to consider, among other things, implications for force-wide interoperability of multiple systems with such rule-based control mechanisms. The working group produced a set of design objectives for doctrine statement standardization across CDSs. Principal features of these objectives are described. The prospect of several such ships operating together in a battle group has raised questions as to the methods by which the actions of ships with those doctrinally-automated systems can best be coordinated. Related questions deal with specific design features for the support of such coordinated action. Work is now being carried out to investigate these questions. Combat system automation through doctrine statements is only one kind of rule-based control. Much work in the area of artificial intelligence deals with the use and maintenance of complex systems of rules, usually in non-real-time problem solving applications. Such systems are just now beginning

关键词： WARSHIPS

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A computer INTEGRATED engineering SYSTEM FOR DESIGN AND LIFE-CYCLE MANAGEMENT

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1986年第3期98卷 115-121页

作者： NICKODEMUS, GH YANUS, ID Irwin D. Yanusgraduated from the University of Pennsylvania with a bachelor's degree in arts and science in 1960 and a bachelor of science degree in mechanical engineering in 1961. In 1963 he received a master of science degree in mechanical engineering from Carnegie-Mellon University. Mr. Yanus is presently the manager of naval systems engineering in the Computer Aided Engineering Department of the Plant Engineering Division of Westinghouse Electric Corporation. His prior experience includes 19 years at the Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory where he performed assignments of increasing responsibility in design analysis development and procurement of nuclear reactor components for naval applications. As the manager of reactor mechanical design he was responsible for the mechanical design of theNimitzclass reactor components and control drive mechanism technology development. Mr. Yanus is a member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers. Glen H. Nickodemusgraduated from Michigan State University in 1964 with a bachelor of science degree in civil engineering. He joined the Pittsburgh-Des Moines Corporation in July of the same year. A master of science degree in civil engineering was obtained from Carnegie-Mellon University in 1973. In 1969 Mr. Nickodemus joined the Advanced Reactors Division of the Westinghouse Electric Corporation where he performed design and structural analysis functions for the development of the Fast Flux Test Facility and Clinch River Breeder Reactor Plant (CRBRP). As manager of CRBRP reactor engineering stress analysis he was responsible for the reactor vessel internals closure head control rod drivelines and miscellaneous guard vessels and head access area components. He is currently the manager of software development for the Computer Aided Engineering Department of the Plant Engineering Division. Mr. Nickodemus is a member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and is a registered professional engineer in Penn

This paper describes a computer integrated engineering system for design and life cycle management of weapons systems, ships and other multidisciplined systems. All engineering data are stored in a central engineering database. Individual application databases define and process information necessary for specific discipline evaluations. Interface modules between the application databases and the engineering database ensure that the entered data are complete, consistent, compatible, and in compliance with requirements. Conflicts are immediately identified and efficiently resolved. Implementation of the system improves design quality and reduces costs by minimizing the number of design iterations, reducing the effort to implement changes, providing effective storage and retrieval, and reducing the need for ship checks prior to modifications and alterations.

关键词： MILITARY engineering

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A NEW GENERATION OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE PLANING CRAFT

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1985年第4期97卷 234-247页

作者： JONS, OP KOELBEL, J SHELDON, R Otto Jons:is vice president of engineering at Advanced Marine Enterprises Inc. He received a Diplom Ing. from the Technical University of Hannover W. Germany and an M.S. in naval architecture and marine engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1976. He then joined Litton Ship Systems to work on the DD-963 and LHA programs. He was principal research scientist at Hydronautics and technical director with Designers and Planners before forming in 1976 together with S. Glatz and J. Drewry Advanced Marine where he is responsible for engineering and technical matters on behalf of the corporation. Joseph Koelbel: a senior naval architect at Advanced Marine Enterprises Inc. has for many years specialized in the design of high-speed rough-water boats including a record-setting race boat passenger boats and patrol boats such as the CPIC and the PBM. He received special recognition for his contributions to and editing of the Planing Concept Volume of the Advanced Naval Vehicles Concept Evaluation Study. He is a member of ASNE SNAME (past chairman planing boats panel of the Hydrodynamics Committee) and ABYC. He is the author of a number of published papers on small-craft design. Ray Sheldon:is the head of computer applications at Advanced Marine Enterprises Inc. where he directs activities in computer-aided ship design software development and ship performance prediction. Previously at the Hydronautics Ship Model Basin he was involved in nearly all aspects of ship hydrodynamics and the development and refinement of test methodologies and equipment. Mr. Sheldon is a 1973 graduate of Webb Institute of Naval Architecture (B.S. naval architecture and marine engineering) a member of ASNE and an associate member of SNAME. He is the author of several published papers concerning ship design and experimental methods.

Key aspects of the design development of a capable yet affordable high performance craft are addressed. These aspects include the development of mission requirements, the rationale for major design decisions, performance capabilities, and system and subsystem selection. The superior performance of the design, as demonstrated by an extensive model test program, led to the decision to develop a family of advanced fast patrol boat concepts. Selected family members are also briefly introduced. The paper, furthermore, demonstrates the successful integration of many major computer-aided design (CAD) programs currently in use for U.S. Navy ship design.

关键词： NAVAL VESSELS

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AN advanced METHODOLOGY FOR PRELIMINARY HULL FORM DEVELOPMENT

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1984年第4期96卷 147-161页

作者： LIN, WC DAY, WG HOUGH, JJ KEANE, RG WALDEN, DA KOH, IY Wen-Chin Lin:heads the Ship Powering Division at the David Taylor Naval Ship R&D Center (DTNSRDC). Dr. Lin received his B.S. degree in mechanical engineering from the National Taiwan University in 1957. He was awarded his M.S. degree in naval architecture and Ph.D. in engineering science from the University of California at Berkeley in 1963 and 1966 respectively. From 1966 to 1969 he was employed by ESSO Research and Engineering Company to conduct marine hydrodynamic research for oil tankers and offshore structures. Since joining DTNSRDC in 1969 he has actively conducted and directed hydrodynamic research to advance naval ship design technology and improve ship performance. Active in national and international symposia on ship hydrodynamic research he is recognized for contributions to the ship research community. For the past six years he has been a member of the Performance Committee of the ITTC and currently serves as secretary of the committee. He is a member of SNAME and the Society of Naval Architects of Japan. William G. Day Jr:. has been employed as a naval architect at the David Taylor Naval Ship R&D Center since receiving a B.E.S. degree from the Johns Hopkins University in 1966. He obtained an M.S. E. degree from George Washington University in 1971. As Head Design Evaluation Branch of the Ship Performance Department he is responsible for model experiments to evaluate the hydrodynamic performance of ships and propulsors. He is a member of ASNE and SNAME. In-Young Koh:received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in electrical engineering from Lowell University in 1969 and 1971 respectively and his Ph.D. in applied mechanics from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1976. Dr. Koh joined DTNSRDC as an electronic engineer specializing in the application of advanced instrumentation and computer techniques to ship research and design. He is currently engaged in research and development of active control systems for naval ship applications. Dr. Koh is a member of ASNE SNAME and IEEE. David Andrew Walden:is

A ship design methodology is presented for developing hull forms that attain improved performance in both seakeeping and resistance. Contrary to traditional practice, the methodology starts with developing a seakeeping-optimized hull form without making concessions to other performance considerations, such as resistance. The seakeeping-optimized hull is then modified to improve other performance characteristics without degrading the seakeeping. Presented is a point-design example produced by this methodology. Merits of the methodology and the point design are assessed on the basis of theoretical calculations and model experiments. This methodology is an integral part of the Hull Form Design System (HFDS) being developed for computer-supported naval ship design. The modularized character of HFDS and its application to hull form development are discussed.

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