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Impact of Parameters for the In-situ Measurement of the Electric Field Strength of the SSB Signal in a 5G NR System Using the Frequency-Selective Method in Zero-Span Mode

Impact of Parameters for the In-situ Measurement of the Elec...

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International Conference on Smart Systems and Technologies (SST)

作者： Vanja Mandrić Slavko Rupčić Bogdan Pavković Josip Ilakovac Department of Communication Faculty of Electrical Engineering Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek Osijek Croatia Department of Computing and Control Engineering Faculty of Technical Sciences University of Novi Sad Novi Sad Serbia Faculty of Electrical Engineering Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek Osijek Croatia

ISBN: (数字)9798350386394

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386400

Measuring 5G systems is a major challenge for measurement engineers, who need to be aware of all the limitations of the new generation The parameters of the frequency-selective measurement system (spectrum analyzer - ROHDE & SCHWARZ FSH8) were investigated in the measurement of 5G NR SSB signals (3.4 – 3.8 GHz). The focus was on the setting parameters which, according to the literature, have an influence on the measurement: RBW, VBW, SWEEP TIME and the duration of the measurement. All measurements were carried out in zero-span mode. In the second part of the measurement, these SSB synchronization signal measurement results were compared with the 5G signal measurement results at the same location using the NARDA SRM-3006 device equipped with a decoder for the 5G NR system (FR1) to determine the optimal method for measuring these signals with a spectrum analyzer (SA).The measurement results show that the resolution bandwidth (RBW) has the largest variation in the measured electric field (EF) strength values of the SSB 5G NR signal of 17.20 dB (MH/RMS) and 17.70 (RMS/AGV10). It is therefore necessary to pay particular attention to the setting of this measurement parameter. In addition, the video resolution (VBW) shows a significantly lower field strength variation of 2.50 dB, but also the same deviation from the reference value of 2.50 dB (RMS/AGV10). Other analyzed parameters have a negligible influence on the measurement of the EF *** post-processing was performed in the work to determine the final (maximum) value of the EF strength at the points of assumed highest exposure, which is used to assess the impact and compliance with the permissible values according to the relevant standards.

关键词： Time-frequency analysis 5G mobile communication Measurement uncertainty Electric variables measurement Amplitude modulation Time measurement Frequency measurement Decoding Electric fields Signal resolution

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Finite-time Second order sliding mode control for master-slave manipulator with time delays

Finite-time Second order sliding mode control for master-sla...

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International Conference on Sciences and Techniques of Automatic control and Computer engineering (STA)

作者： Neila Mezghani Ben Romdhane Mohamed Boukattaya Tarak Damak Laboratory of sciences and technique of automatic control and computing (Lab-STA) Nationnal school of engineering of sfax Sfax Tunisia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665482622

In this paper a finite-time second order sliding mode control for the teleoperation system in presence of uncertainties, disturbances and time delay is exposed. First, the second order fast nonsingular terminal sliding mode surface is designed to guarantee a finite time convergence and to eliminate the singularity problem. Then, a robust control law is developed to achieve high precision tracking and strong robustness against parametric uncertainties, disturbances, and time delay. The proposed idee consist to use the discontinuous function in the time derivative of the control input. Then, the proposed control, obtained by integration, is applied to the system in order to eliminate the chattering phenomenon and reduces the amplitude of the control effort. The stability of the system is demonstrated using the Lyapunov theory.

关键词： Robust control Uncertainty Delay effects Simulation Manipulators Stability analysis Robustness

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Energy performance of Internet of Things (IoT) networks for pipeline monitoring

Energy performance of Internet of Things (IoT) networks for ...

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International Wireless Communications and Mobile computing Conference, IWCMC

作者： Godlove Suila Kuaban Tadeusz Czachórski Erol Gelenbe Piotr Pecka Valery Nkemeni Piotr Czekalski Polish Academy of Sciences (IITiS PAN) Institute of Theoretical and Applied Informatics Gliwice Poland Laboratory of Electrical Engineering and Computing Faculty of Engineering and Technology University of Buea Cameroon Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Informatics Silesian University of Technology Gliwice Poland

ISBN: (数字)9798350361261

ISBN: (纸本)9798350361278

Pipelines are the most convenient ways to transport fluids (e.g., water, oil, and gas). However, leakage of fluids into the environment results in resource wastage (primarily water, which is becoming a scarce resource) and environmental pollution (in the case of leakage of toxic fluids like oil and gas). Emerging technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT), Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), Artificial Intelligence (AI), distributed computing, and cloud computing enable continuous monitoring of pipelines to detect leakages and corrosion on the pipeline. The main challenge with using battery-powered sensor nodes to monitor pipelines is the energy constraint, necessitating frequent battery replacement. Thus, there is a need to develop energy-saving mechanisms to prolong the lifetime of these sensor nodes. In this paper, we use the diffusion approximation modelling framework in which the data from the experimental testbed are used to model the dynamics of the battery’s energy content and to estimate the mean and variance of the device’s lifetime. The novelty in the proposed diffusion model of the battery of an IoT node is the introduction of multiple energy thresholds that split the energy state-space of the battery into multiple energy-saving regimes. As the battery discharges, the node gradually transitions into energy-saving regimes by reconfiguring some of its parameters to reduce energy consumption (sometimes at the cost of trading off some performance metrics). We investigate the impact of energy-saving regimes or the number of thresholds on the node’s lifetime.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks Fluids Pipelines Data models Water pollution Batteries Sensors

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Automation 5.0: The Key to Systems Intelligence and Industry 5.0

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第8期11卷 1723-1727页

作者： Ljubo Vlacic Hailong Huang Mariagrazia Dotoli Yutong Wang Petros A.Ioannou Lili Fan Xingxia Wang Raffaele Carli Chen Lv Lingxi Li Xiaoxiang Na Qing-Long Han Fei-Yue Wang Institute of Intelligent and Integrated Systems and the School of Engineering and Built Environment Griffith UniversityNathanQLD 4111Australia Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Polytechnic of Bari70126 BariItaly State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190and also with the Qingdao Academy of Intelligent IndustriesQingdao 266114China Department of Electrical Engineering-Systems University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90007 USA School of Automation Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 Beijing Huairou Academy of Parallel Sensing Beijing 101499China School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue School of Engineering and TechnologyIndiana University-Purdue University IndianapolisIndianapolisIN 46202 USA Department of Engineering University of CambridgeCB21TN CambridgeU.K. School of Science Computing and Engineering TechnologiesSwinburne University of TechnologyMelbourne VIC 3122Australia State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Dazhou Artificial Intelligence Institute Dazhouand the Faculty of Innovation EngineeringMacao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China

AUTOMATION has come a long way since the early days of mechanization,i.e.,the process of working exclusively by hand or using animals to work with *** rise of steam engines and water wheels represented the first generation of industry,which is now called Industry Citation:***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,Q.-***,and F.-***,“Automation 5.0:The key to systems intelligence and Industry 5.0,”IEEE/CAA ***,vol.11,no.8,pp.1723-1727,Aug.2024.

关键词： Automation machinery intelligence

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First-principles investigation of microscopic mechanisms underlying hole mobilities in diamond, silicon, and germanium

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Physical Review B 2024年第15期110卷 155203页

作者： Qiao-Lin Yang Fan-Chen Meng Wu Li Zhi Wang Hui-Xiong Deng Su-Huai Wei Fan-long Ning Jun-Wei Luo School of Physics and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Quantum Chips and Quantum Control State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures Research Computing and Data Eastern Institute for Advanced Study Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials

Silicon (Si) dominates the semiconductor industry but currently suffers from significant hole mobility degradation in advanced transistors due to its abnormally low hole mobility (505cm2/Vs), compared to its group IV neighbors, diamond and germanium (Ge) (both ∼2000cm2/Vs). While Ge's high mobility is understandable by its lighter effective hole mass due to its narrower direct bandgap at Γ point, diamond's superior hole mobility remains difficult to understand since its bandgap is ultrawide. Conventional wisdom attributes diamond's high mobility to reduced phonon scattering due to high acoustic phonon group velocity and optical phonon frequency, overcoming its heaviest effective mass. However, our study reveals that this mechanism alone is insufficient to explain the observed mobility. We demonstrate that the diamond's abnormally light effective hole mass is a primary factor contributing to its high mobility; otherwise, its hole mobility would be approximately nine times lower than Si's. The unexpectedly light mass in diamond stems from larger transition matrix elements, resulting from substantial electronic wave-function overlap between valence and conduction bands, remarkably overcoming the effect of diamond's large bandgap. Furthermore, our investigation uncovers a unique feature in diamond's valence band structure: an inherent strain-enhanced mobility characteristic, where the top valence band manifests as a light-hole (lh) state along certain crystallographic directions (e.g., [100]), instead of the typical heavy-hole (hh) state. Contrary to prevailing assumptions, we observe a strong coupling between holes and transverse acoustic (TA) phonons, and even TA scattering dominates over longitudinal acoustic (LA) scattering in both diamond and Si, challenging the long-held belief that TA scattering is negligible. Our calculations yield a dilation deformation potential of 3.45 eV for diamond, significantly diverging from previously reported values, e.g., 7 or −35 eV.

关键词： Electrical conductivity Electron-phonon coupling Semiconductors Density functional calculations Wannier function methods

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Adaptive ELM-Based Time-Constrained control of Uncertain Robotic Manipulators With Minimum Learning Computation

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IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in computing 2025年

作者： Jin, Xiaozheng Hou, Yuhan Wu, Xiaoming Chi, Jing Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of Education Shandong Computer Science Center National Supercomputer Center in Jinan Shandong Jinan250353 China Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computing Power Internet and Service Computing Shandong Jinan250013 China Qilu Institute of Technology School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Control Engineering Shandong Jinan250200 China Shandong University of Finance and Economics School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence Shandong Jinan250014 China

This paper studies the extreme learning machine (ELM)-based time-constrained trajectory tracking control of a class of robotic manipulator systems with model/input uncertainties, matched and mismatched disturbances. A uniform robust exact differentiator (URED) is developed to construct a multi-layer virtual control framework of the robotic manipulator system. Under the control framework, adaptive ELM-based control strategies are proposed to suppress the influence of the uncertainties and disturbances layer-by-layer, combining with the minimum learning parameter (MLP) technique which is employed to reduce the calculation complexity of ELM parameters. The significance of this study is that general model/input uncertainties, matched and mismatched disturbances can be effectively compensated within a limited time, so that bounded trajectory tracking of the robotic manipulator can be achieved avoiding the complexity explosion issue. The time-constrained stability of the closed-loop robotic error systems is proved through Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, comparative simulations are employed to display the feasibility and superiority of the designed robust adaptive ELM-based control schemes of a robotic manipulator system. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Robust control

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Distributionally robust stability of payoff allocations in stochastic coalitional games

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Pantazis, George Franci, Barbara Grammatico, Sergio Margellos, Kostas Delft Center for Systems & Control TU Delft Netherlands The Department of Advanced Computing Sciences Maastricht University Netherlands The Department of Engineering Science University of Oxford United Kingdom

We consider multi-agent coalitional games with uncertainty in the coalitional values. We provide a novel methodology to study the stability of the grand coalition in the case where each coalition constructs ambiguity sets for the (possibly) unknown probability distribution of the uncertainty. As a less conservative solution concept compared to worst-case approaches for coalitional stability, we consider a stochastic version of the so-called core set, i.e., the expected value core. Unfortunately, without exact knowledge of the probability distribution, the evaluation of the expected value core is an extremely challenging task. Hence, we propose the concept of distributionaly robust (DR) core. Leveraging tools from data-driven DR optimization under the Wasserstein distance, we provide finite-sample guarantees that any allocation which lies in the DR core is also stable with respect to the true probability distribution. Furthermore, we show that as the number of samples grows unbounded, the DR core converges almost surely to the true expected value core. We dedicate the last section to the computational tractability of finding an allocation in the DR core. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Probability distributions

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Differentially Private Average Consensus with Improved Accuracy-Privacy Trade-off

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, Lei Liu, Weijia Guo, Fanghong Qiao, Zixin Wu, Zhengguang College of Control Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Department of Automation Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China Shanghai Institute of Computing Technology Shanghai China

This paper studies the average consensus problem with differential privacy of initial states, for which it is widely recognized that there is a trade-off between the mean-square computation accuracy and privacy level. Considering the trade-off gap between the average consensus algorithm and the centralized averaging approach with differential privacy, we propose a distributed shuffling mechanism based on the Paillier cryptosystem to generate correlated zero-sum randomness. By randomizing each local privacy-sensitive initial state with an i.i.d. Gaussian noise and the output of the mechanism using Gaussian noises, it is shown that the resulting average consensus algorithm can eliminate the gap in the sense that the accuracy-privacy trade-off of the centralized averaging approach with differential privacy can be almost recovered by appropriately designing the variances of the added noises. We also extend such a design framework with Gaussian noises to the one using Laplace noises, and show that the improved privacy-accuracy trade-off is preserved. © 2023, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Cryptography

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Performance Comparison of Teleoperation Interfaces for Ultra-Lightweight Anthropomorphic Arms

Performance Comparison of Teleoperation Interfaces for Ultra...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： Filip Zorić Alejandro Suarez Goran Vasiljević Matko Orsag Zdenko Kovačić Anibal Ollero Laboratory for Robotics and Intelligent Control Systems (LARICS) Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia GRVC Robotics Lab University of Seville Sevilla Spain

This paper presents a comparative performance evaluation of three different teleoperation interfaces for very low weight (<3 kg) anthropomorphic dual arms intended to conduct complex manipulation tasks involving a certain level of dexterity, accuracy and agility, either in ground service or in aerial manipulation applications. A visual human pose estimation system is developed to obtain the Cartesian and joint values of the user, which are mapped to the corresponding pose of the dual arm manipulator exploiting the equivalent human-robot kinematics. A leader-follower scheme is also presented, using a reduced scale dual arm that can replicate directly the joint positions of the leader arms to the follower arms. A 6-DOF (degrees of freedom) joystick is proposed to generate linear motions more accurately. A total of 60 ground tests were conducted involving 10 participants to determine the accuracy and time performance in two benchmarks (box edges and S contour tracking). Finally, the visual and leader-follower interfaces were evaluated with the dual arm aerial manipulator on flight tests, reporting several findings derived from the system evaluation.

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Resource-Efficient and Self-Adaptive Quantum Search in a Quantum-Classical Hybrid System

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Jiang, Zihao Du, Zefan Ruan, Shaolun Chen, Juntao Wang, Yong Cheng, Long Buyya, Rajkumar Mao, Ying The Department of Computer and Information Science Fordham University New York City United States The School of Computing and Information Systems Singapore Management University Singapore The School of Control and Computer Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing China The School of Computing and Information Systems The University of Melbourne Australia

Over the past decade, the rapid advancement of deep learning and big data applications has been driven by vast datasets and high-performance computing systems. However, as we approach the physical limits of semiconductor fabrication in the post-Moore's Law era, questions arise about the future of these applications. In parallel, quantum computing has made significant progress with the potential to break limits. Major companies like IBM, Google, and Microsoft provide access to noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers. Despite the theoretical promise of Shor's and Grover's algorithms, practical implementation on current quantum devices faces challenges, such as demanding additional resources and a high number of controlled operations. To tackle these challenges and optimize the utilization of limited onboard qubits, we introduce ReSaQuS, a resource-efficient index-value searching system within a quantum-classical hybrid framework. Building on Grover's algorithm, ReSaQuS employs an automatically managed iterative search approach. This method analyzes problem size, filters less probable data points, and progressively reduces the dataset with decreasing qubit requirements. Implemented using Qiskit and evaluated through extensive experiments, ReSaQuS has demonstrated a substantial reduction, up to 86.36% in cumulative qubit consumption and 72.72% in active periods, reinforcing its potential in optimizing quantum computing application deployment. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Hybrid systems

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