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Secure beamforming and deployment design for rate-splitting multiple access-based UAV communications

Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 342-356页

作者： Bing WANG Xiaofeng TAO Shujun HAN Huici WU Kai YANG Zhu HAN National Engineering Research Center of Mobile Network Technologies Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Peng Cheng Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston

Rate-splitting multiple access(RSMA) has recently gained attention as a potential robust multiple access(MA)scheme for upcoming wireless networks. Given its ability to efficiently utilize wireless resources and design interference management strategies, it can be applied to unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) networks to provide convenient services for large-scale access ground users. However, due to the line-of-sight(LoS) broadcast nature of UAV transmission, information is susceptible to eavesdropping in RSMA-based UAV networks. Moreover, the superposition of signals at the receiver in such networks becomes complicated. To cope with the challenge, we propose a two-user multi-input single-output(MISO) RSMA-based UAV secure transmission framework in downlink communication networks. In a passive eavesdropping scenario, our goal is to maximize the sum secrecy rate by optimizing the transmit beamforming and deployment location of the UAV-base station(UAV-BS),while considering quality-of-service(QoS) constraints, maximum transmit power, and flight space limitations. To address the non-convexity of the proposed problem, the optimization problem is first decoupled into two subproblems. Then, the successive convex approximation(SCA) method is employed to solve each subproblem using different propositions. In addition, an alternating optimization(AO)-based location RSMA(L-RSMA) beamforming algorithm is developed to implement joint optimization to obtain the suboptimal solution. Numerical results demonstrate that(1) the proposed L-RSMA scheme yields a28.97% higher sum secrecy rate than the baseline L-space division multiple access(SDMA) scheme;(2) the proposed L-RSMA scheme improves the security performance by 42.61% compared to the L-non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA) scheme.

关键词： rate-splitting multiple access UAV communication precoding optimization deployment location physical layer security

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Multi-Agent Distributed DQN and Transfer Learning for Energy-Efficient Power Management in Solar Energy-Harvested Small-Cell Networks

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第12期12卷 19590-19604页

作者： Cho, Hyebin Kim, Hyungsub Na, JeeHyeon Lim, Seung-Chan Lee, Howon Hankyong National University School of Electrical Electronic and Control Engineering Anseong17579 Korea Republic of Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Daejeon34141 Korea Republic of Hankyong National University School of ICT Robotics and Mechanical Engineering and IITC Anseong17579 Korea Republic of Ajou University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Suwon16499 Korea Republic of

The integration of solar energy harvesting into small-cell networks is a promising solution for achieving energy-efficient and sustainable wireless communications. However, the inherent variability and intermittency of solar energy, coupled with precise inter-cell interference management, significantly hinder efficient network operation. To resolve these challenges, we propose a multi-agent distributed deep Q-network (MA-DDQN) framework, where the distributed base stations learn the optimal transmit power control policies. To further enhance adaptability under varying solar conditions, we present a daily model transfer with a fine-tuning approach, enabling efficient deployment without extensive training overhead. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed methods remarkably improve energy efficiency while maintaining robust adaptability under dynamic solar conditions, revealing their potential for sustainable small-cell network deployments. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Solar cell efficiency

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An overview on IRS-enabled sensing and communications for 6G: architectures, fundamental limits, and joint beamforming designs

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 170-193页

作者： Xianxin SONG Yuan FANG Feng WANG Zixiang REN Xianghao YU Ye ZHANG Fan LIU Jie XU Derrick Wing Kwan NG Rui ZHANG Shuguang CUI School of Science and Engineering (SSE) Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute (FNii-Shenzhen)and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Future Networks of Intelligence The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong Kong School of Information Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Information Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Computer School Beijing Information Science and Technology University National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast University School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications University of New South Wales School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore

This study presents an overview on intelligent reflecting surface(IRS)-enabled sensing and communication for the forthcoming sixth-generation(6G) wireless networks, in which IRSs are strategically deployed to proactively reconfigure wireless environments to improve both sensing and communication(S&C) performance. First, we exploit a single IRS to enable wireless sensing in the base station's(BS's) non-line-of-sight(NLoS) area. In particular, we present three IRS-enabled NLoS target sensing architectures with fully-passive, semi-passive, and active IRSs, respectively. We compare their pros and cons by analyzing the fundamental sensing performance limits for target detection and parameter estimation. Next, we consider a single IRS to facilitate integrated sensing and communication(ISAC), in which the transmit signals at the BS are used for achieving both S&C functionalities, aided by the IRS through reflective beamforming. We present joint transmit signal and receiver processing designs for realizing efficient ISAC, and jointly optimize the transmit beamforming at the BS and reflective beamforming at the IRS to balance the fundamental performance tradeoff between S&C. Furthermore, we discuss multi-IRS networked ISAC, by particularly focusing on multi-IRS-enabled multi-link ISAC, multi-region ISAC, and ISAC signal routing, respectively. Finally, we highlight various promising research topics in this area to motivate future work.

关键词： integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) non-line-of-sight (NLoS) sensing sensing and communication tradeoff

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Multisensor fusion estimation of nonlinear systems with intermittent observations and heavy-tailed noises

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第9期65卷 173-190页

作者： Bo XIAO Q.M.Jonathan WU Liping YAN School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Windsor Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Decision of Complex Systems School of AutomationBeijing Institute of Technology

Inspired by the robust student t-distribution based nonlinear filter(RSTNF), a student tdistribution and unscented transform(UT) based filter for state estimation of heavy-tailed nonlinear dynamic systems, a modified RSTNF for intermittent observations is derived. The fusion estimation for nonlinear multisensor systems with intermittent observations and heavy-tailed measurement and process noises is *** this work, the centralized fusion, the sequential fusion, and the na¨?ve distributed fusion algorithms are presented, respectively. Theoretical analysis shows that the presented algorithms are effective, which are the efficient extension of the classical unscented Kalman filter(UKF) or the cubature Kalman filter(CKF) based algorithms with Gaussian noises. Simulation results show that the presented algorithms are effective and feasible.

关键词： state fusion estimation nonlinear systems heavy-tailed noise intermittent observations multivariate $t$-distribution

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An Improved Method for Approximating the Infinite-Horizon Value Function of the Discrete-Time Switched LQR Problem

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第1期37卷 22-39页

作者： HOU Tan LI Yuanlong LIN Zongli Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of ChinaShanghai 200240China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and Management Shanghai 200240China Charles L.Brown Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA 22904-4743USA

This paper considers the problem of approximating the infinite-horizon value function of the discrete-time switched LQR *** particular,the authors propose a new value iteration method to generate a sequence of monotonically decreasing functions that converges exponentially to the value *** method facilitates us to use coarse approximations resulting from faster but less accurate algorithms for further value iteration,and thus,the proposed approach is capable of achieving a better approximation for a given computation time compared with the existing *** numerical examples are presented in this paper to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Optimal control switched linear systems switched LQR problem.

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Long-term radiofrequency electromagnetic fields exposure attenuates cognitive dysfunction in 5×FAD mice by regulating microglial function

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Neural Regeneration research 2023年第11期18卷 2497-2503页

作者： Yeonghoon Son Hye-Jin Park Ye Ji Jeong Hyung-Do Choi Nam Kim Hae-June Lee Division of Radiation Biomedical Research Korea Institute of Radiological&Medical SciencesSeoulKorea Department of EMF Research Team Radio and Broadcasting Technology LaboratoryElectronics and Telecommunications Research InstituteDaejonKorea School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Chungbuk National UniversityCheongjuKorea

We have previously found that long-term effects of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields in 5xFAD mice with severe late-stage Alzheimer’s disease reduced both amyloid-βdeposition and glial activation,including *** examine whether this therapeutic effect is due to the regulation of activated microglia,we analyzed mic roglial gene expression profiles and the existence of microglia in the brain in this study.5xFAD mice at the age of 1.5 months were assigned to sham-and radiofrequency electromagnetic fields-exposed groups and then animals were exposed to 1950 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields at a specific absorption rate of 5 W/kg for 2 hours/day and 5 days/week for 6 *** conducted behavioral tests including the object recognition and Y-maze tests and molecular and histopathological analysis of amyloid precursor protein/a myloid-beta metabolism in brain *** confirmed that radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure for 6 months ameliorated cognitive impairment and amyloid-β*** expression levels of Iba1(pan-microglial marker)and colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor(CSF1R;regulates microglial prolife ration)in the hippocampus in 5xFAD mice treated with radiofrequency electromagnetic fields were significantly reduced compared with those of the sham-exposed ***,we analyzed the expression levels of genes related to mic rogliosis and microglial function in the radiofrequency electromagnetic fields-exposed group compared to those of a CSF1R inhibitor(PLX3397)-treated *** radiofrequency electromagnetic fields and PLX3397 suppressed the levels of genes related to microgliosis(Csf1r,CD68,and Ccl6)and pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β.N otably,the expression levels of genes related to mic roglial function,including Trem2,Fcgr1α,Ctss,and Spi1,were decreased after long-term radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure,which was also observed in response to microglial suppression by *** res

关键词： 5×FAD Alzheimer’s disease CSF1R long term exposure microglial function neuroinflammation radiofrequency electromagnetic fields therapeutic effect

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Gradient sparsification for efficient wireless federated learning with differential privacy

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 272-288页

作者： Kang WEI Jun LI Chuan MA Ming DING Feng SHU Haitao ZHAO Wen CHEN Hongbo ZHU School of Electronic and Optical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Zhejiang Lab Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration(Southeast University) Ministry of Education Data61 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation School of Information and Communication Engineering Hainan University School of Communications and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Federated learning(FL) enables distributed clients to collaboratively train a machine learning model without sharing raw data with each other. However, it suffers from the leakage of private information from uploading models. In addition, as the model size grows, the training latency increases due to the limited transmission bandwidth and model performance degradation while using differential privacy(DP)protection. In this paper, we propose a gradient sparsification empowered FL framework with DP over wireless channels, to improve training efficiency without sacrificing convergence performance. Specifically, we first design a random sparsification algorithm to retain a fraction of the gradient elements in each client's local model, thereby mitigating the performance degradation induced by DP and reducing the number of transmission parameters over wireless channels. Then, we analyze the convergence bound of the proposed algorithm, by modeling a non-convex FL problem. Next, we formulate a time-sequential stochastic optimization problem for minimizing the developed convergence bound, under the constraints of transmit power, the average transmitting delay, as well as the client's DP requirement. Utilizing the Lyapunov drift-plus-penalty framework, we develop an analytical solution to the optimization problem. Extensive experiments have been implemented on three real-life datasets to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm. We show that our proposed algorithms can fully exploit the interworking between communication and computation to outperform the baselines, i.e., random scheduling, round robin, and delay-minimization algorithms.

关键词： federated learning differential privacy gradient sparsification Lyapunov drift convergence analysis

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Detection of Perfect Stealthy Attacks on Cyber-Physical Systems Subject to Measurement Quantizations: A Watermark-Based Strategy

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 114-125页

作者： Yu-Ang Wang Zidong Wang Lei Zou Bo Shen Hongli Dong the College of Information Science and Technology Donghua University the Engineering Research Center of Digitalized Textile and Fashion Technology Ministry of Education IEEE the College of Electrical Engineering and Automation Shandong University of Science and Technology the Department of Computer Science Brunel University London Uxbridge the Sanya Offshore Oil and Gas Research Institute Northeast Petroleum University the Artificial Intelligence Energy Research Institute Northeast Petroleum University Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Networking and Intelligent Control Northeast Petroleum University

In this paper, the attack detection problem is investigated for a class of closed-loop systems subjected to unknownbutbounded noises in the presence of stealthy attacks. The measurement outputs from the sensors are quantized before transmission.A specific type of perfect stealthy attack, which meets certain rather stringent conditions, is taken into account. Such attacks could be injected by adversaries into both the sensor-toestimator and controller-to-actuator channels, with the aim of disrupting the normal data flow. For the purpose of defending against these perfect stealthy attacks, a novel scheme based on watermarks is developed. This scheme includes the injection of watermarks(applied to data prior to quantization) and the recovery of data(implemented before the data reaches the estimator).The watermark-based scheme is designed to be both timevarying and hidden from adversaries through incorporating a time-varying and bounded watermark signal. Subsequently, a watermark-based attack detection strategy is proposed which thoroughly considers the characteristics of perfect stealthy attacks,thereby ensuring that an alarm is activated upon the occurrence of such attacks. An example is provided to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed mechanism for detecting attacks.

关键词： Attack detection cyber-physical systems (CPSs) perfect stealthy attacks watermark-based strategy

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Dynamic Modeling of Key Operating Parameters for Supercritical Circulating Fluidized Bed Units based on Data-Knowledge-Driven Method

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 1216-1230页

作者： YU Haoyang GAO Mingming ZHANG Hongfu CHEN Jiyu LIU Jizhen YUE Guangxi The State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources School of Control and Computer EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China CHN Energy New Energy Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing102209China Department of Energy and Power Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

To address the pressing need for intelligent and efficient control of circulating fluidized bed(CFB)units,it is crucial to develop a dynamic model for the key operating parameters of supercritical circulating fluidized bed(SCFB)***,data-knowledge-driven dynamic model of bed temperature,load,and main steam pressure of the SCFB unit has been ***,a knowledge-driven method is employed to develop a dynamic model for key operating parameters of SCFB *** model parameters are determined based on the operating data of the unit and continuously optimized in real ***,Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory combined with Convolutional Neural Network and Attention Mechanism is utilized to build the dynamic model of bed temperature,load,and main steam ***,a collaboration and integration method based on the critic weight method and the variation coefficient method is proposed to establish data-knowledge-driven model of key operating parameters for SCFB *** model displays great accuracy and fitting ability compared with other methods and effectively captures the dynamic characteristics,which can provide a research basis for the design of intelligent flexible control mode of SCFB unit.

关键词： circulating fluidized bed dynamic model data-knowledge-driven method deep learning power plant

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Overview of Versatile Video Coding (H.266/VVC) and Its Coding Performance Analysis

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IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing 2023年第2期12卷 122-154页

作者： Lee, Minhun Song, HyeonJu Park, Jeeyoon Jeon, Byeungwoo Kang, Jungwon Kim, Jae-Gon Lee, Yung-Lyul Kang, Je-Won Sim, Donggyu Department of Computer Engineering Kwangwoon University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Computer Engineering Sejong University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Kyunggi-do Korea Republic of Communication and Media Research Laboratory Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Deajeon Korea Republic of School of Electronics and Information Engineering Korea Aerospace University Kyunggi-do Korea Republic of Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Graduate Program in Smart Factory Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of

Versatile Video Coding (H.266/VVC) is the newest video coding standard jointly developed by the Joint Video Experts Team (JVET), which is organized by the ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG) and the ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG). H.266/VVC provides about 40% bitrate reduction compared with High Efficiency Video Coding (H.265/HEVC) for the same visual quality. This paper introduces in detail the core structure of H.266/VVC by highlighting its features within block partitioning structure, intra/inter prediction, transform, quantization, and in-loop filtering, compared to its predecessor (H.265/HEVC). H.266/VVC yields significantly improved the coding performance, but it increased the computational complexity, particularly for the encoder side, which remains a problem to be tackled for successful commercialization in the future. This paper examined the statistical performance of H.266/VVC coding tools from the bitstreams encoded by the VVC test model (VTM12.0) encoder through rate-distortion optimization under the JVET common test conditions. In addition, the complexity and performance analyses are conducted on the block partitioning structure and group of picture structure. It is expected that an optimized H.266/VVC encoder can be designed and developed by minimizing the coding loss based on the analysis data. © 2023 Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image compression

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