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Role of myeloid cells in neural repair after brain tissue injury

Clinical and Experimental Neuroimmunology 2024年第4期15卷 215-221页

作者： Koyama, Ryuki Shichita, Takashi Department of Neuroinflammation and Repair Medical Research Institute Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) Tokyo Japan

Stroke and traumatic brain injury leave many survivors with permanent neurological disabilities, and the development of therapeutics to enhance functional recovery is needed. Both residential and infiltrating immune cells participate in the acute inflammation after brain injury, exacerbating functional outcomes;however, some immune cells have been reported to alter their characteristic to a reparative phenotype. This review focused on the recent findings of the reparative immunity of myeloid cells. Functional recovery after injury is achieved through the combination of resolution of inflammation, reorganization of neuronal network, white matter repair, angiogenesis and extracellular matrix reorganization. In each process, myeloid cells play vital roles in leading to functional recovery. Further research on the diversity of immune cells implicated in neural repair will be promising to develop therapeutics enhancing functional recovery after brain tissue injuries. © 2024 Japanese Society for Neuroimmunology.

关键词： brain injury functional recovery myeloid neuronal repair tissue repair

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Spatial prisoner's dilemma optimally played in small-world networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Masuda, Naoki Aihara, Kazuyuki Department of Complexity Science and Engineering Graduate School of Frontier Sciences The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku 7-3-1 Hongo Tokyo113-8656 Japan Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Japan Science and Technology Corporation 4-1-8 Hon-cho Saitama Kawaguchi332-0012 Japan

Cooperation is commonly found in ecological and social systems even when it apparently seems that individuals can benefit from selfish behavior. We investigate how cooperation emerges with the spatial prisoner's dilemma played in a class of networks ranging from regular lattices to random networks. We find that, among these networks, small-world topology is the optimal structure when we take into account the speed at which cooperative behavior propagates. Our results may explain why the small-world properties are self-organized in real networks. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Small-world networks

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In situ interphase engineering for all-solid-state Li batteries: a case study on the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4/Li0.33La0.55TiO3 composite cathode guided by ab initio calculations

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Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2024年第16期12卷 9438-9453页

作者： Lin, Che-An Ihrig, Martin Kung, Kuan-Chen Chen, Hsiang-Ching Finsterbusch, Martin Guillon, Olivier Lin, Shih-Kang Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei106 Taiwan Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Jülich52425 Germany Research Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Program on Smart and Sustainable Manufacturing Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Core Facility Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan

The sinterability and interfacial stability issues in the composite cathode have been the main bottlenecks of oxide-based all-solid-state Li battery development. The interfacial reaction between the electrode and electrolyte plays an important role in the sinterability and interfacial stability of a composite cathode. A suitable interfacial reaction can not only improve the sinterability by providing an additional driving force for chemical bond formation, but it can also stabilize the electrode/electrolyte interface by forming interfacial reaction products which remain stable during operation of the cell. In this work, a suitable dopant that can induce the formation of the desired interphase between the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode and Li0.33La0.55TiO3 electrolyte was obtained through ab inito computational screening. Experimental verification was carried out by field-assisted sintering technology/spark plasma sintering (FAST/SPS) for obtaining mechanically stable composite cathode pellets and heat treatment for inducing the interfacial reaction. The dopant identified by computation was proven to induce the in situ formation of a stable protective layer. A successful method of simultaneously improving sinterability and interfacial stability in an oxide-based composite cathode is demonstrated in this work. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Spark plasma sintering

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The largest genome-wide association study for breast cancer in Taiwanese Han population

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Breast Cancer research and Treatment 2024年第2期203卷 291-306页

作者： Hsu, Yu-Ching Chen, Hung-Lin Cheng, Chi-Fung Chattopadhyay, Amrita Chen, Pei-Shan Lin, Che-Chen Chiang, Hsiu-Yin Liu, Ting-Yuan Huang, Chi-Hao Kuo, Chin-Chi Chuang, Eric Y. Lu, Tzu-Pin Tsai, Fuu-Jen Bioinformatics Program Taiwan International Graduate Program National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Bioinformatics Program Institute of Statistical Science Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Institute of Health Data Analytics and Statistics Department of Public Health College of Public Health National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Big Data Center China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Center for Translational Genomic Research Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Million-Person Precision Medicine Initiative Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Division of Breast Surgery Department of Surgery China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Division of Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core Center of Genomic and Precision Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories Industrial Technology Research Institute Hsinchu Taiwan Genetic Center Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan

Purpose: Breast cancer is a molecularly heterogeneous disease, and multiple genetic variants contribute to its development and prognosis. Most of previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and polygenic risk scores (PRSs) analyses focused on studying breast cancers of Caucasian populations, which may not be applicable to other population. Therefore, we conducted the largest breast cancer cohort of Taiwanese population to fill in the knowledge gap. Methods: A total of 152,534 Participants recruited by China Medical University Hospital between 2003 and 2019 were filtered by several patient selection criteria and GWAS quality control steps, resulting in the inclusion of 2496 cases and 9984 controls for this study. We then conducted GWAS for all breast cancers and PRS analyses for all breast cancers and the four breast cancer subtypes, including luminal A, luminal B, basal-like, and HER2-enriched. Results: The GWAS analyses identified 113 SNPs, 50 of which were novel. The PRS models for all breast cancers and the luminal A subtype showed positively correlated trends between the PRS and the risk of developing breast cancer. The odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the groups with the highest PRS in all breast cancers and the luminal A subtype were 5.33 (3.79–7.66) and 3.55 (2.13–6.14), respectively. Conclusion: In summary, we explored the association of genetic variants with breast cancer in the largest Taiwanese cohort and developed two PRS models that can predict the risk of developing any breast cancer and the luminal A subtype in Taiwanese women. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Breast cancer Genome-wide association study Polygenic risk score Taiwanese population

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Determination of spin Hall angle in the Weyl ferromagnet Co2MnGa by taking into account the thermoelectric contributions

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Physical Review Materials 2022年第8期6卷 084411-084411页

作者： Hironari Isshiki Zheng Zhu Hayato Mizuno Ryota Uesugi Tomoya Higo Satoru Nakatsuji YoshiChika Otani Institute for Solid State Physics University of Tokyo Kashiwa Chiba 277-8581 Japan Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) Saitama 332-0012 Japan Department of Physics The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Trans-scale Quantum Science Institute University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Center for Emergent Matter Science RIKEN Wako Saitama 51-0198 Japan

The spin Hall effects of various materials, including Weyl semimetals, have been studied by the spin absorption method with the nonlocal spin valve structures. Here, we study Co2MnGa (CMG) by using the standard spin absorption method. A considerable amount of thermoelectric signal superimposes on the inverse spin Hall signal in the measurement configuration: the applied electric current between the spin injector (permalloy) and bridge (copper) wires produces heating or cooling at the interface via the Peltier effect, which causes an out-of-plane temperature gradient in CMG. As a result, a voltage signal induced by the anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) of CMG comes into the inverse spin Hall signal. We quantitatively separate these signals by combining the experiment and a numerical simulation. About 75% of the detected signal is found attributable to the thermoelectric effects. The superposing thermoelectric contribution is a general and unavoidable problem in this method when the spin Hall materials exhibit ANE. After eliminating the thermoelectric signal, the spin Hall angle of CMG turns out to be θ=−0.09 at room temperature.

关键词： Inverse spin Hall effect Spin Hall effect Spin current Spin generation Spin

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Transient and DNA-free in vivo CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing for flexible modeling of endometrial carcinogenesis

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Cancer Communications 2023年第5期43卷 620-624页

作者： Raúl Navaridas Maria Vidal-Sabanés Anna Ruiz-Mitjana Aida Perramon-Güell Cristina Megino-Luque David Llobet-Navas Xavier Matias-Guiu Joaquim Egea Mario Encinas Lídia Bardia Julien Colombelli Xavier Dolcet Oncological Pathology Group Department of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of LleidaBiomedical Research Institute of LleidaLleidaSpain Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology-Oncobell Program Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute’L’Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain Department of Pathology Bellvitge HospitalUniversity of BarcelonaBellvitge Biomedical Research InstituteL’Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain Department of Pathology Arnau de Vilanova HospitalUniversity of LleidaBiomedical Research Institute of LleidaLleidaSpain Cancer Networking Biomedical Research Center Institute of Health Carlos IIIMadridSpain Molecular Developmental Neurobiology Group Department of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of LleidaBiomedical Research Institute of LleidaLleidaSpain Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group Department of ExperimentalMedicineUniversity of LleidaBiomedical Research Institute of LleidaLleidaSpain Advanced Digital Microscopy Core Facility Institute for Research in BiomedicineBarcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain

Dear Editor,The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats(CRISPR)and CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9)(CRISPR/Cas9)-mediated generation of somatically genetically engineered mouse models have emerged as a new approach for in vivo modeling of cancer[1].Here,we describe a novel DNA-free,easy,rapid,flexible,multiplexable,and robust method to model endometrial neoplasia by CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoprotein(RNP)electroporation into the uterus of mice.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 DNA CRISPR

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Fine 3D control of THz emission in air with dual femtosecond laser pre-pulses at tunnelling ionisation regime

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Light(Advanced Manufacturing) 2024年第3期5卷 62-74页

作者： Hsin-Hui Huang Takeshi Nagashima Kota Kumagai Yoshio Hayasaki Saulius Juodkazis Vladimir T.Tikhonchuk Koji Hatanaka Optical Sciences Centre ARC Training Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials(SEAM)School of ScienceSwinburne University of TechnologyHawthornVictoria 3122Australia Faculty of Science and Engineering Setsunan University17-8 Ikeda-NakamachiNeyagawaOsaka572-8508Japan Center for Optical Research and Education(CORE) Utsunomiya University7-1-2 YotoUtsunomiya 321-8585Japan WRH Program International Research Frontiers Initiative(IRFI)Tokyo Institute of Technology Nagatsuta-choMidori-kuYokohamaKanagawa 226-8503 Japan Laser Research Center Physics FacultyVilnius UniversitySauletekio Ave.1010223 VilniusLithuania Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications Universite de Bordeaux351Cours de la Liberation33405 Talence cedexFrance Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC ELI Beamlines FacilityZa Radnicic 83525241 Dolni BřežanyCzech Republic Organization for Research Strategy and Development Okayama Univ.1-1-1 Tsushima-nakaKita-kuOkayama 700-8530Japan

Emission of THz radiation from air breakdown at focused ultra-short fs-laser pulses(800 nm/35 fs)was investigated for the 3D spatio-temporal control where two pre-pulses are used before the *** laser pulse induced air breakdown forms a~120μm-long focal volume generate shockwaves which deliver a denser air into the focal region of the main pulse for enhanced generation of THz radiation at 0.1-2.5 THz spectral *** intensity of 162 pre-and main-pulses was at the tunnelling ionisation intensities(1-3)×10 W/cm and corresponded to sub-critical(transparent)plasma formation in *** analysis of THz radiation revealed that orientation of the air density gradients generated by pre-pulses and their time-position locations defined the ellipticity of the generated THz electrical *** rotational component of electric current is the origin of THz radiation.

关键词： THz radiation Femtosecond laser induced breakdown Air breakdown spatio-temporal control

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Low-temperature sintering of Li0.33La0.55TiO3 electrolyte for all-solid-state Li batteries

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Journal of the European Ceramic Society 2023年第16期43卷 7543-7552页

作者： Lin, Che-an Ihrig, Martin Kung, Kuan-chen Chen, Hsiang-ching Scheld, Walter Sebastian Ye, Ruijie Finsterbusch, Martin Guillon, Olivier Lin, Shih-kang Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Materials Synthesis and Processing Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Jülich52425 Germany Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology No. 43 Keelung Rd. Section 4 Da'an Dist Taipei City106 Taiwan Helmholtz Institute Münster: Ionics in Energy Storage Corrensstr. 46 Münster48149 Germany Research Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Program on Smart and Sustainable Manufacturing Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Core Facility Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan

Ceramic solid-state Li batteries have promising electrochemical properties. However, their device integration is hampered by the required high sintering temperature step to obtain good ionic conductivity. The sintering temperature often leads to thermal decomposition of the cathode active material. Advanced sintering techniques, such as field-assisted sintering technology/spark plasma sintering (FAST/SPS), utilizing applied mechanical pressure to achieve a lower sintering temperature and shorter dwell time, are helpful in overcoming thermal stability challenges. While thermal stability issues are overcome by a lower sintering temperature, new challenges in the form of surface impurities arise. Low-temperature sintering does not thermally decompose surface impurities which causes low grain boundary conductivity and thus low total ionic conductivity. In this work, a cleaning method and a low-temperature sintering process is exemplarily developed for Li0.33La0.55TiO3 (LLTO) and the impact of applied mechanical pressure during FAST/SPS on the total ionic conductivity and the phase stability of LLTO is revealed. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Spark plasma sintering

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Rice transformation treatments leave specific epigenome changes beyond tissue culture

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Plant physiology 2023年第2期193卷 1297-1312页

作者： Jo-Wei Allison Hsieh Pearl Chang Lin-Yun Kuang Yue-Ie C Hsing Pao-Yang Chen Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology Academia Sinica Taipei 115201 Taiwan. Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program Academia Sinica and National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan. Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation/Department of Biological Science and Technology National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Pingtung 91201 Taiwan. The Transgenic Plant Core Facility Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center Academia Sinica Taipei 115201 Taiwan.

During transgenic plant production, tissue culture often carries epigenetic, and genetic changes that underlie somaclonal variations, leading to unpredictable phenotypes. Additionally, specific treatments for rice (Oryza sativa) transformation processes may individually or jointly contribute to somaclonal variations, but their specific impacts on rice epigenomes toward transcriptional variations remain unknown. Here, the impact of individual transformation treatments on genome-wide DNA methylation and the transcriptome were examined. In addition to activating stress-responsive genes, individual transformation components targeted different gene expression modules that were enriched in specific functional categories. The transformation treatments strongly impacted DNA methylation and expression; 75% were independent of tissue culture. Furthermore, our genome-wide analysis showed that the transformation treatments consistently resulted in global hypo-CHH methylation enriched at promoters highly associated with downregulation, particularly when the promoters were colocalized with miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements. Our results clearly highlight the specificity of impacts triggered by individual transformation treatments during rice transformation with the potential association between DNA methylation and gene expression. These changes in gene expression and DNA methylation resulting from rice transformation treatments explain a significant portion of somaclonal variations, that is, way beyond the tissue culture effect.

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Ab initio study on changing behaviors of lithium-rich layered composite cathode materials

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Electrochimica Acta 2024年 500卷

作者： Chuang, Yu-cheng Tran, Ngoc Thanh Thuy Tsai, Ping-chun Lin, Shih-kang Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Research Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei10607 Taiwan Program on Smart and Sustainable Manufacturing Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Core Facility Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan

The lithium-rich composite-layered oxide, xLi2MnO3•(1-x)LiM'O2, where M’ represents transition metals, is a promising cathode material with excellent capacity at high working voltage for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Nevertheless, an unusual charge-discharge feature is observed for this material with sloping and plateau regions during the initial charging. In this work, ab initio calculations based on density functional theory were employed to examine the stability of xLi2MnO3•(1-x)Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2 composite-layered cathode materials during the first charging. Optimized atomistic models for different compositions (x = 0.0, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.7, and 1) unveil a pseudo-rhombohedral or monoclinic-like structure within the solid solution phase, with simulated X-ray diffraction patterns closely matching experimental data. Using these atomistic models, the first charging process of the 0.4Li2MnO3•0.6Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2 cathode were investigated. There exists phase transition from a layered to a spinel structure. Additionally, Bader charge analysis reveals intriguing trends during the first delithiation process, where the valence states of Ni and Co gradual increase, while that of Mn almost remains unchanged. Simultaneously, significant oxidation of O is observed. This finding leads to further evaluations on oxygen vacancy formation in comparison to the energy required for delithiation. Defect formation energy calculations demonstrate that the plateau in charging curve is resulted from oxygen vacancy formation during the first charging. By empirical fitting oxygen chemical potential at μO = -1.200 eV, the calculated charging-discharging curves aligned well with experimental data during the first and second charging. Furthermore, the pathways of lithium and oxygen deintercalation are elucidated. This work contributes fundamental understandings on the xLi2MnO3•(1-x)LiM'O2 composite-layered oxides as cathode for LIBs, providing valuable guidance for further developments

关键词： Cathodes

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