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Decoy state quantum key distribution with a photon number resolved heralded single photon source

Physical Review A 2006年第3期73卷 032331-032331页

作者： Tomoyuki Horikiri Takayoshi Kobayashi Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST) Tokyo Japan and Department of Physics Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan

Recently a long distance and high key rate quantum key distribution (QKD) has become possible by the idea of the decoy state method. We show that a longer distance QKD is possible by utilizing a heralded single photon source (utilizing spontaneous parametric down-conversion) as a source instead of a weak coherent pulse (WCP) as proposed in the original decoy state method. Moreover, the key rate is improved by utilizing a presently available photon number resolving detector as a trigger detector of the heralded single photon source and it is shown to approach the key rate of the WCP.

关键词： FIBER

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All-Optical Signal Regeneration and Optical Buffering Using Polarization Bistable VCSELs

All-Optical Signal Regeneration and Optical Buffering Using ...

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International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks

作者： Hitoshi Kawaguchi Japan Science and Technology Agency JST Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Japan Graduate School of Materials Science Nara Institute of Science and Technology Ikoma Nara Japan

Recent progress in applications of polarization bistable VCSELs for all-optical signal processing such as signal regeneration and optical buffering are presented

关键词： Repeaters Optical buffering Optical polarization Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers Optical pulses Materials science and technology Optical bistability Timing jitter Optical signal processing High speed optical techniques

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PLZT multimode waveguides prepared by aerosol deposition for hologram optical switch

PLZT multimode waveguides prepared by aerosol deposition for...

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The Joint International Conference on Optical Internet and Next Generation Network (COIN-NGNCON)

作者： Takashi Yamaguchi Pang-Boey Lim Kwang-Ho Shin Mitsuteru Inoue Toyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi Japan Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Japan Science and Technology Agency Kawaguchi Japan Kyungsung University busan South Korea

Transparent PLZT multimode waveguides with electro-optic properties were fabricated by aerosol deposition. The birefringence of PLZT film change in the annealed film increased with an applied electrical field to reach... 详细信息

关键词： Optical waveguides Aerosols Optical switches Optical films Optical scattering Optical refraction Optical variables control Speckle Refractive index Particle beams

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Functional Diversity of Rhodopsins

Functional Diversity of Rhodopsins

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The 3rd Asian and Oceanian Conference on Photobiology

作者： Yoshinori Shichida Department of Biophysics Graduate School of Science Kyoto University and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) Japan Science and Technology Corporation Kyoto 606-8502 Japan

Visual pigments and related retinal pigments are the members of the family of G protein-coupled receptors that have diverged from ligand-binding receptors into photoreceptive pigments during the course of molecular evolution. More than a thousand relatives have been identified and they are classified into five subgroups based on sequence similarity. We have been trying to identify key amino acid residues that are essential for the functional expression of these proteins for furthering our understanding of the molecular mechanism of functional diversity of these proteins. Phylogenetic analysis of vertebrate visual pigments demonstrated that an ancestral visual pigment evolved first into four groups of cone visual pigments and that the group of rhodopsins diverged later from one of the groups of cone visual pigments [1]. Biochemical and spectroscopic analyses clearly showed that cone pigments exhibit a faster pigment regeneration and faster decay of meta-Ⅱ and meta-Ⅲ intermediates than the rod pigments, rhodopsin. Mutagenesis experiments have revealed that the amino acid residues at position 122 and 189 in the opsin are the determinants for these differences [2]. The physiological significance of the difference is evaluated by generation of knock-in mice in which rod visual pigment (rhodopsin) was replaced by the mouse green-sensitive cone pigments (mouse green).

关键词： Functional Diversity of Rhodopsins red

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Complex Formation of GDP-bound transducin with Rhodopsin Intermediate

Complex Formation of GDP-bound transducin with Rhodopsin Int...

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The 3rd Asian and Oceanian Conference on Photobiology

作者： Takefumi Morizumi Hiroo Imai Yoshinori Shichida Department of Biophysics Graduate School of Science Kyoto University and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) Japan Science and Technology Corporation Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Department of Biophysics Graduate School of Science Kyoto University and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) Japan Science and Technology Corporation Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology Primate Research Institute. Inuyama Aichi 484-8506 Japan Department of Biophysics Graduate School of Science Kyoto University and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) Japan Science and Technology Corporation Kyoto 606-8502 Japan

Upon absorption of light, rhodopsin activates transducin (Gt) through GDP-GTP exchange reaction on the alpha-subunit of transducin. This activation triggers the G-protein-mediated signal transduction cascade that eventually generates electrical responses in the photoreceptor cells. The exchange reaction proceeds through at least three steps, which include the binding of photoactivated rhodopsin to the GDP-bound Gt, the dissociation of GDP from the complex, and the binding of GTP to the nucleotide-unbound Gt. These steps have been thought to occur after the formation of the rhodopsin intermediate, meta-Ⅱ. However, the extra formation of meta-Ⅱ, which reflects the formation of a complex with Gt, was inhibited in the presence of excess GDP, suggesting that Gt in the meta-Ⅱ-Gt complex is in a nucleotide-unbound form. Therefore, identification of the intermediate state that binds to the GDP-bound Gt is important for a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of G-protein activation by rhodopsin.

关键词： Complex Formation of GDP-bound transducin with Rhodopsin Intermediate GDP

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Thermogravimetric Study and High-Temperature Thermoelectric Properties of [Ca2(Co1-xAx)O3]0.62CoO2

Thermogravimetric Study and High-Temperature Thermoelectric ...

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International Conference on Thermoelectrics (ICT)

作者： Y. Oide Y. Miyazaki Y. Ono X. Y. Huang T. Kajitani Department of Applied Physics Graduate School of Engineering University of Tohoku Sendai Japan Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Japan Science and Technology Agency Chuo Tokyo Japan

Systematic ion substitution has been performed on the Co site in the rock-salt (RS)-type [Ca 2 CoO 3 ] subsystem of misfit-layered cobalt oxide [Ca 2 (Co 1-x A x )O 3-delta ] 0.62 CoO 2 (A = Nb, Ru, Ta, Pb, W, La and Zr). The oxygen deficiency delta and the decomposition temperature T d of the substituted samples have been determined by means of the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Upon heating, the oxygen atoms are gradually released from the RS-type subsystem up to delta~0.10. A small amount (x = 0.10) of the substitution remarkably increases T d from 1173 K (x = 0) up to 1246 K (A = Nb). The Pb-substituted samples show substantial decrease in electrical resistivity p from 19.2 mOmegacm to 13.8 mOmegacm (x = 0.10) at 950 K. The highest thermoelectric power, S 2 p -1 = 2.1times10 -4 WK -2 m -1 , is realized for the Pb-substituted sample with x = 0.10 at 950 K

关键词： Thermoelectricity Niobium Zirconium Cobalt Heating Electric resistance Temperature dependence Powders X-ray scattering Physics

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Photoisomerization efficiency in UV-absorbing visual pigments

Photoisomerization efficiency in UV-absorbing visual pigment...

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The 3rd Asian and Oceanian Conference on Photobiology

作者： Kei Tsutsui Hiroo Imai Yoshinori Shichida Department of Biophysics Graduate School of Science Kyoto University and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) Japan Science and Technology Corporation Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology Primate Research Institute. Inuyama Aichi 484-8506 Japan Department of Biophysics Graduate School of Science Kyoto University and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) Japan Science and Technology Corporation Kyoto 606-8502 Japan

Understanding the mechanism by which photoreceptive proteins regulate the photochemical properties of their chromophore is one of the central issues in photobiology. Visual pigments present in retinas contain 11-cis-retinal as a chromophore that is covalently bound to the protein moiety via a Schiff base linkage. The chromophore undergoes photoisomerization to all-trans form upon absorption of light. Rhodopsin has a protonated Schiff base chromophore that absorbs visible light. On the other hand, there is growing evidence that UV-absorbing visual pigments (UV pigments) found in the retinas of some animals have an unprotonated Schiff base chromophore. Electronic states of an unprotonated retinal Schiff base should be quite different from those of a protonated one because of less n -electron delocalization, and this may result in the difference in efficiency of photoisomerization. In addition, efficiency of photoisomerization is regulated by the protein that interacts with the chromophore. Therefore, in terms of elucidating the role played by the protein in photoisomerization of the chromophore, it is of interest whether the quantum yield of UV pigments is different from that of rhodopsin. In this study, we determined the quantum yield of mouse UV pigment (mouse UV) and bovine rhodopsin E113Q mutant having a neutralized counterion.

关键词： Photoisomerization efficiency in UV-absorbing visual pigments

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Theory of large-scale electronic structure calculation and nanoscale mechanical property in fracture behavior of silicon

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2006年第1期880卷 1-6页

作者： Takeo Hoshi Ryu Takayama Yusuke Iguchi Takeo Fujiwara Department of Applied Physics University of Tokyo Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST-JST) Japan Science and Technology Agency Honcho Kawaguchi-shi Saitama Japan Research and Development for Applying Advanced Computational Science and Technology (ACT-JST) Japan Science and Technology Agency USA

Several theories and program codes were developed for large-scale atomistic simulations with fully quantum mechanical description of electron systems. The fundamental concepts are generalized Wannier state and Krylov subspace. Test calculations were carried out with upto 106 atoms using a standard workstation. How electronic state is described in large-scale calculation was demonstrated on Si(001)-(2×1) surface. As a practical application, cleavage fracture of silicon was simulated with 10-nm-scale samples for investigating its nanoscale mechanical behavior. Discussions are focused on the unstable (001) cleavage mode and the stable (experimentally observed) (111)-(2×1) cleavage mode. As well as elementary surface reconstruction, step formation and bending in cleavage path were observed. These results were compared with experiments, such as scanning tunneling microscope (STM).

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Atmospheric effect on the ionization energy of titanyl phthalocyanine thin film as studied by photoemission yield spectroscopy

Atmospheric effect on the ionization energy of titanyl phtha...

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作者： Honda, Masato Kanai, Kaname Komatsu, Kenichi Ouchi, Yukio Ishii, Hisao Seki, Kazuhiko Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Nagoya University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Nagoya Japan Research Institute of Electrical Communication Tohoku University Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai Japan Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Japan Science and Technology Agency Hon-cho Kawaguchi Japan Research Center for Materials Science Institute for Advanced Research Nagoya University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Nagoya Japan Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Nagoya University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8602 Japan

The atmospheric effect on the ionization energy (I) of titanyl phthalocyanine (TiOPc) thin film was investigated by photoemission yield spectroscopy developed for the measurement of I for the same specimen both in vac... 详细信息

关键词： Thin films

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Availability of Liquid Crystalline Materials for Organic Polycrystalline Semiconductor Thin Films

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2006年第1期965卷 1-6页

作者： Hiroaki Iino Jun-ichi Hanna Imaging Science and Engineering Laboratory Tokyo Institute of Technology J1-2 4259 Nagatsuta Midori-ku Yokohama Japan Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) 4-1-8 Hon-cho Kawaguchi Japan

We have investigated the charge carrier transport properties of polycrystalline films fabricated with discotic and calamitic liquid crystals. The polycrystalline films of these liquid crystals exhibiting particular textures under a polarized microscope, i.e., hexagonal and co-circular patterns for discotic and calamitic liquid crystals, respectively, which indicate that the molecular alignment in the liquid crystalline phase is well preserved exhibit clear hole transport along with molecular stacks even in a 15 μm thick film, judging from transient photocurrents by time of flight method. The hole mobilities are over 0.1 cm2/Vs at room temperature. These results indicate formation of fewer grain boundaries across conduction channels. On the other hand, the carrier transport properties in the polycrystalline films of non-liquid crystalline molecules with the same molecular shape exhibit no particular patterns as described and photocurrents are annihilated in the bulk as a function of time, indicating many deep trap sites in grain boundaries. The present results indicate that the liquid crystalline molecule is a good candidate for preparing quality organic polycrystalline semiconductor thin films in opto-electronic applications.

关键词： organic photoconductivity polycrystal

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