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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear science (NSS/MIC)

作者： T. Aso A. Kimura S. Tanaka H. Yoshida N. Kanematsu T. Sasaki T. Akagi Toyama College of Maritime Technology Japan Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Japan Ritsumeikan University Japan Naruto University of Education Japan National Institute for Radiological Sciences Japan High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Japan Hyogo Ion Beam Medical Center Japan

The GEANT4 based simulation of an irradiation system for the proton therapy has been developed for the verification of dose distributions. The simulation represents a treatment room with the beam irradiation system at the Hyogo Ion Beam Medical Center (HIBMC). The beam irradiation system consists of a lateral beam-spreading system and a range modulating system, so that the dose distribution is achieved in three dimensionally. The simulation was carried out for the proton beams at the isocentric gantry nozzle for the therapeutic energy of 150, 190, and 230 MeV, respectively. The simulated dose distributions are compared with measurements, where dose distributions are obtained using a water phantom at an isocenter, which simulate practical situations of the beam irradiation to the patients. The validation of the simulation was performed for the proton ranges in important materials at beam line and lateral uniformity of the irradiation field at an isocenter, respectively. Then, the dose distribution in simulation based on GEANT4 were verified with measurements for Bragg peak and spread out Bragg peak, respectively. The result of verification shows the depth-dose distributions in simulation are in good agreement with measurements.

关键词： Protons Medical treatment Medical simulation Ion beams Particle beams Biomedical monitoring Scattering Optical modulation Imaging phantoms Helium

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Anti-Retroviral Vaccine Using Polymeric Nanoparticles

Anti-Retroviral Vaccine Using Polymeric Nanoparticles

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International Conference on MEMS, NANO and Smart Systems

作者： M. Akashi T. Akagi T. Kaneko M. Baba M. Hayami Department of Molecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Suita Japan Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) Core Research of Evolutional Science and Technology Tokyo Japan Division of Antiviral Chemotherapy Center for Chronic Viral Diseases Faculty of Medicine Kagoshima University Kagoshima Japan Laboratory of Primates Model Experimental Research Center for Infectious Disease Institute for Virus Research Kyoto University Kyoto Japan

We have previously reported that concanavalin A-immobilized polystyrene nanospheres (Con A-NS) could efficiently capture HIV-1 particles and that intranasal immunization with inactivated HIV-1- capturing nanospheres (HIV-NS) induced vaginal anti-HIV-1 IgA antibody response in mice. In this study, to evaluate the protective effect of immunization, each three macaques was intranasally immunized with Con A-NS or inactivated simian/human immunodeficiency virus KU-2- capturing nanospheres (SHIV-NS) and then intravaginally challenged with a pathogenic virus, SHIV KU-2. After a series of six immunizations, vaginal anti-HIV-1 gp120 IgA and IgG antibodies were detected in all SHIV-NS-immunized macaques. After intravaginal challenge, one of the three macaques in each of the Con A-NS- and SHIV-NS-immunized groups was infected. Plasma viral RNA load of infected macaque in SHIV-NS-immunized macaques was substantially less than that in unimmunized control macaque and reached below the detectable level. Thus, SHIV-NS-immunized macaques exhibited partial protection to vaginal challenges with SHIV KU-2.

关键词： Vaccines Polymers Nanoparticles Immune system Protection Mice Human immunodeficiency virus Pathogens Plasmas RNA

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A Moment-Based Method for Large-Scale Generalized Eigenvalue Problems

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Applied Numerical Analysis & Computational Mathematics 2004年第2期1卷

作者： Tetsuya Sakurai Hiroto Tadano Yuichi Inadomi Umpei Nagashima Department of Computer Science University of Tsukuba Tsukuba 305-8573 Japan Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Japan (CREST) Doctoral Program of Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Tsukuba 305-8573 Japan Grid Technology Research Center National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tsukuba 305-8568 Japan

In this paper we consider a method for finding several eigenvalues and corresponding eigenvectors of large-scale generalized eigenvalue problems. In this method, a small matrix pencil that has only the desired eigenvalues is derived using complex moments obtained via numerical integration. Since the process to derive the moments can be performed in parallel and we do not need to exchange data between processes, the presented method is suitable for master-worker programming models. We have implemented and tested the proposed method in a grid RPC (remote procedure call) system. Numerical examples illustrate the properties of our approach. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

关键词： Eigenvalue problems moment-based method parallel algorithm

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Cbfa1 expression is enhanced by the immunosuppressant FK506 in the osteoblastic cell line: UMR106

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Materials science and Engineering: C 2004年第6-8期24卷 845-850页

作者： Daisuke Iejima Mi-Hye Lee Hiroko Kojima Takafumi Yoshikawa Pi-Chao Wang Toshimasa Uemura Age Dimension Research Center (ADRC) National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Tsukuba Central-6 Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8566 Japan Institute of Applied Biochemistry University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8572 Japan Department of Oral Biochemistry Dental School Kyungpook National University 101 Dong-In-Dong Jung-Gu Taegu 700-422 Korea JST (Japan Science and Technology) 5-3 Yonbancho Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 102-8666 Japan First Department of Pathology Nara Medical University Kashihara City Nara 634-8521 Japan CREST (Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology) Japan Department of Orthopedic Surgery Tokyo Medical and Dental University 1-5-45 Yushima Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8519 Japan

An immunosuppressant FK506 has been reported to induce osteoblast differentiation in vivo [J. Bone Miner. Res. 15 (2000) 1147]. To study the role of FK506 in osteoblast differentiation, we examined the mRNA expressions of several marker genes (Cbfa1, osteopontin, and alkaline phosphatase) in an osteoblastic cell line: UMR106-6. Results showed that the Cbfa1 (osteoblast specific transcription factor) expression in UMR cells was enhanced by treatment with FK506, promoting osteoblast differentiation. The effect was marked when simultaneous treatment with FK506 and dexamethasone was given to UMR cells comparing with the effects of treatment with each substance alone or non-treatment.

关键词： FK506 Cbfa1 Osteoblast differentiation Osteopontin Alkaline phosphatase

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Transition Metal Oxynitrides for New Cathode of Polymer Electroryte Fuel Cell

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ECS Proceedings Volumes 2004年第1期2004-21卷

作者： Akimitsu Ishihara Kunchan Lee Shotaro Doi Shigenori Mitsushima Nobuyuki Kamiya Ken-ichiro Ota Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) Department of Energy and Safety Engineering Yokohama National University 79-5 Tokiwadai Hodogaya-ku Yokohama 240-8501 JAPAN

Transition metal oxynitrides and nitrides such as tantalum oxynitrides (TaOxNy) and nitrides (Ta3N5) have been studied for application as a cathode catalyst of polymer electrolyte fuel cells without platinum. The nitride and oxynitrides in which Ta had the highest oxidation state showed the high stabilities in sulfuric acid. Samples were prepared by nitriding Ta2O5 with NH3 gas. TaO0.92N1.05 (nitrogen content: 7.0wt%) had a clear catalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in sulfuric acid (1mol/dm3) at 30°C, although the nitride showed poor activity for the ORR. In addition, a TaxNy film prepared by sputtering Ta with N2 also had a clear catalytic activity for the ORR after the surface of the sample was oxidized by potential cycling in sulfuric acid. The tantalum oxynitrides were clearly active for ORR, and the activity depended on the concentration of nitrogen in the oxynitride, although their activities are presently much lower than that of platinum.

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Publisher's Note: “Enhancement of third-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities in silica-capped Au nanoparticle films with very high concentrations” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 4938 (2004)]

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Applied Physics Letters 2004年第3期85卷 509-509页

作者： Y. Hamanaka K. Fukuta A. Nakamura L. M. Liz-Marzán P. Mulvaney Department of Applied Physics Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8603 Japan and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) Tokyo 150–0002 Japan Department of Physical Chemistry University of Vigo E–36200 Vigo Spain Chemistry School University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia

This article was originally published with an error in Eq. (3) on p. 4939. AIP apologizes for this error; the corrected equation appears below. All online versi

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A Carbon Material as a Strong Protonic Acid†

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Angewandte Chemie 2004年第22期116卷

作者： Michikazu Hara Takemi Yoshida Atsushi Takagaki Tsuyoshi Takata Junko N. Kondo Shigenobu Hayashi Kazunari Domen Chemical Resources Laboratory Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta Midori‐ku Yokohama 226‐8503 Japan Fax: (+81) 45‐924‐5282 Institute for Materials & Chemical Process National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Central 5 1‐1‐1 Higashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8565 Japan Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) Japan Science and Technology co. 4‐1‐8 Honcho Kawaguchi Saitama 332‐0012 Japan

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Preparation of ordered mesoporous NbTa mixed oxide with crystallized wall

Preparation of ordered mesoporous NbTa mixed oxide with crys...

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作者： Katou, T. Lee, B. Lu, D. Kondo, J.N. Hara, M. Domen, K. Chemical Resources Laboratory Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta-cho Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Japan Science and Technology Japan

An ordered 2D-hexagonal mesoporous Nb and Ta (Nb:Ta=1:1) mixed oxide was successfully crystallized. A new strategy for preserving mesoporous structure after the crystallization of the walls was performed by re-filling a templating material to the mesopores before crystallization for suppressing the destruction of mesoporous structure. Transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction analyses revealed the formation of crystallized mesoporous NbTa mixed oxide with single crystal phases in periodical mesoporous structure (denoted NbTa-TIT-2) at ca. 100-nm range. © 2003 Elsevier science B.V. All rights reserved. 251.

关键词： Tantalum alloys

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Potential Cholestatic Activity of Various Therapeutic Agents Assessed by Bile Canalicular Membrane Vesicles Isolated from Rats and Humans

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Drug Metabolism And Pharmacokinetics 2003年第1期18卷 16-22页

作者： Horikawa, Masato Kato, Yukio Sugiyama, Yuichi Charles, A. Tyson Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) Japan Science and Technology Corporation Kawaguchi Japan Toxicology Laboratory SRI International Menlo Park California United States

Summary: The active transport of solutes mediated by the bile salt export pump (BSEP/ABCB11) and multidrug resistance associated protein-2 (MRP2 /ABCC2) are thought to involve bile acid-dependent and -independent bile formation, respectively. To evaluate the potential of therapeutic agents as inhibitors of such transporters on bile canalicular membranes, we examined the inhibition of the primary active transport of typical substrates by 15 drugs, clinically known to cause cholestasis in canalicular membrane vesicles. The inhibition by most of the compounds in rat canalicular membrane vesicles (CMVs) was minimal or observed at much higher concentrations than obtained in clinical situations. However, cloxacillin, cyclosporin A and midecamycin inhibited BSEP, and cyclosporin A and midecamycin inhibited MRP2 with an inhibition constant close to the clinical concentration. By comparing the inhibition potential between rat and human CMVs, the inhibition of BSEP- and MRP2-mediated transport by midecamycin and cyclosporin A was relatively similar whereas the inhibitory effect on BSEP-mediated transport by cloxacillin and glibenclamide was more marked in humans than in rats. These results suggest that the majority of cholestasis-inducing drugs have a minimal inhibitory effect on rat BSEP and MRP2 although species differences in inhibitory potential should be considered, especially in the case of BSEP. © 2003, The Japanese Society for the Study of Xenobiotics. All rights reserved.

关键词： biliary excretion BSEP cholestasis MRP2

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Orbital excitations in LaMnO3 studied by resonant inelastic x-ray scattering

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Physical Review B 2003年第4期67卷 045108-045108页

作者： T. Inami T. Fukuda J. Mizuki S. Ishihara H. Kondo H. Nakao T. Matsumura K. Hirota Y. Murakami S. Maekawa Y. Endoh Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) Tsukuba 305-0047 Japan

We report resonant inelastic x-ray scattering experiments of the orbitally ordered manganite LaMnO3. When incident photon energy is tuned near the Mn K absorption edge, the spectra reveal three features at 2.5, 8, and 11 eV. The 8- and 11-eV peaks are ascribed to transitions from the O 2p bands to the empty Mn 3d and 4s/4p bands, respectively. On the other hand, the 2.5-eV peak is considered an orbital excitation across the Mott gap, i.e., an electron excitation from the effective lower Hubbard band with the d3x2−r2 and d3y2−r2 orbital characters to the upper Hubbard band with the dy2−z2 and dz2−x2 ones. The weak dispersion and characteristic azimuthal angle dependence of this excitation are well reproduced by a theory which includes orbital degeneracy and strong electron correlation.

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