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Advancing Material Models for Automotive Forming Simulations

AIP Conference Proceedings 2005年第1期778卷 365-370页

作者： H. Vegter Y. An C. H. L. J. ten Horn E. H. Atzema M. E. Roelofsen Corus Research Development & Technology PO Box 10000 1970 CA IJmuiden the Netherlands

Simulations in automotive industry need more advanced material models to achieve highly reliable forming and springback predictions. Conventional material models implemented in the FEM‐simulation models are not capable to describe the plastic material behaviour during monotonic strain paths with sufficient accuracy. Recently, ESI and corus co‐operate on the implementation of an advanced material model in the FEM‐code PAMSTAMP 2G. This applies to the strain hardening model, the influence of strain rate, and the description of the yield locus in these models. A subsequent challenge is the description of the material after a change of strain *** use of advanced high strength steels in the automotive industry requires a description of plastic material behaviour of multiphase steels. The simplest variant is dual phase steel consisting of a ferritic and a martensitic phase. Multiphase materials also contain a bainitic phase in addition to the ferritic and martensitic phase. More physical descriptions of strain hardening than simple fitted Ludwik/Nadai curves are *** to predict plastic behaviour of single‐phase materials use a simple dislocation interaction model based on the formed cells structures only. At corus, a new method is proposed to predict plastic behaviour of multiphase materials have to take hard phases into account, which deform less easily. The resulting deformation gradients create geometrically necessary dislocations. Additional micro‐structural information such as morphology and size of hard phase particles or grains is necessary to derive the strain hardening models for this type of *** available from the Numisheet benchmarks allow these models to be validated. At corus, additional measured values are available from cross‐die tests. This laboratory test can attain critical deformations by large variations in blank size and processing conditions. The tests are a powerful tool in optimising forming simulations prior to

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Process metallurgical research activities at Delft University of technology, Netherlands: Part I: Ferrous Metallurgy

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BHM Berg- und Huttenmannische Monatshefte 2005年第11期150卷 390-394页

作者： Boom, R. Yang, Y. Xiao, Y. Corus Research Development and Technology P.O. Box 10.000 Ijmujden1970 CA Netherlands Science and Technology Delft University of Technology Rotterdamseweg 137 Delft2628 AL Netherlands Delft University of Technology Rotterdamseweg 137 Delft2628 AL Netherlands

Overview of running research activities — Study on the melt flow in the hearth of the iron making blast furnace — Green energy for metals production — Advanced process modelling of hot metal desulphurization by injection of Mg and CaO — Inclusion engineering — High performance casting — development of the oxygen steelmaking process — Simulation of a continuous steel reheat furnace — Simulation of a mobile heat treatment furnace — Simulation and optimization of phosphorus production © 2005, Springer Vienna.

关键词： Blast furnaces

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A laboratory evaluation of ramming paste for aluminium electrolysis cells

A laboratory evaluation of ramming paste for aluminium elect...

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134th TMS Annual Meeting

作者： Andersen, F.B. Stam, M.A. Eisma, D. Corus Research Development and Technology Ceramics Research Centre Blg. 3J22 PO Box 10000 IJmuiden 1970 CA Netherlands Aluminium Delfzijl bv. P.O. Box 133 9930 AC Delfzijl Netherlands Corus Aluminium Voerde GmbH Schleusenstr. 11 46562 Voerde Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780873395809

In order to gain knowledge on paste properties and in order to approve ramming paste qualities for use in corus electrolysis cells we have tested a number of ramming paste qualities. In this paper the results of these tests are presented together with a discussion on expected performance in electrolysis cells. Of special interest are the test results from the so-called "eco-friendly" qualities and how they compare to the standard qualities. At the primary aluminium smelters of corus a number of ramming pastes have been used in the pots over the years. Furthermore a lot of new paste qualities are available on the market. The information provided by the suppliers on paste properties is limited and this makes it difficult to compare products. Based on the test results in this paper a set of product specifications are proposed for approving ramming pastes from new and existing suppliers.

关键词： Aluminum

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Slags and fluxes entering the new millennium, an analysis of recent trends in research and development

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Ironmaking & Steelmaking 2005年第1期32卷 21-25页

作者： Boom, R Riaz, S Mills, K C Corus Research Development & Technology IJmuiden Technology Centre 1970 CA IJmuiden The Netherlands Netherlands Institute for Metals Research (NIMR) and Delft University of Technology Rotterdamseweg 137 2628 AL Delft The Netherlands Corus Research Development & Technology Teesside Technology Centre Middlesbrough UK Imperial College Department of Materials London UK

The results of the analysis, in terms of types of slags studied, are presented in Table 4 and Figure 4. About a quarter of all slags studied is directly related to the steelmaking process. If we add to that the ironmaking slags (on average 11%), the ladle/refining slags (around 10%) and the mould fluxes for continuous casting of steel (7%) we can conclude that more than 50% of slags studied are directly related to industrial iron and steelmaking.

关键词： Slags Fluxes R&D Literature survey

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Robust mould level control

Robust mould level control

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American Control Conference (ACC)

作者： J. Schuurmans A. Kamperman B. Middel P.F.A. van den Bosch Development & Technology Corus Strip Products IJmuiden Netherlands Direct Sheet Plant Corus Strip Products IJmuiden Netherlands Océ Research N.V. Venlo Netherlands

In the first years of production since 2000, the caster of the Direct Sheet Plant in Umuiden experienced unstable oscillations in the control of the mould level. This paper reports on the research that was conducted to find the cause of and solution for this problem. For that purpose, a 1:1 scale water model was used. From this scale model, it appeared that the oscillations were due to surface waves induced by stopper movements. To model the effect of the surface waves, a simple standard simulation mould level model was extended by a heuristic wave model. Using this model, a robust stable mould level controller was designed. This new controller has proven to be successful since its implementation in 2002.

关键词： Robust control Level control Steel Casting Digital signal processing Production Strips Fluctuations Surface waves Furnaces

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Overview Inclusion assisted microstructure control in C–Mn and low alloy steel welds

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Materials Science & technology 2005年第8期21卷 867-879页

作者： Koseki, T. Thewlis, G. graham.thewlis@*** Department of Materials Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan Steel Metallurgy Department Corus Research Development and Technology Swinden Technology Centre Moorgate Rotherham S60 3AR UK

Inclusion assisted microstructure control has been a key technology to improve the toughness of C–Mn and low alloy steel welds over the last two to three decades. The microstructure of weld metals and heat affected zones (HAZs) is known to be refined by different inclusions, which may act as nucleation sites for intragranular acicular ferrite and/or to pin austenite grains thereby preventing grain growth. In the present paper, the nature of acicular ferrite and the kinetics of intragranular ferrite transformations in both weld metals and the HAZ of steels are rationalised along with nucleation mechanisms. Acicular ferrite development is considered in terms of competitive nucleation and growth reactions at austenite grain boundary and intragranular inclusion nucleation sites. It is shown that compared to weld metals, it is difficult to shift the balance of ferrite nucleation from the austenite grain boundaries to the intragranular regions in the HAZ of particle dispersed steels because inclusion densities are lower and the surface area available for ferrite nucleation at the austenite grain boundaries tends to be greater than that of intragranular inclusions. The most consistent explanation of high nucleation potency in weld metals is provided by lattice matching between ferrite and the inclusion surface to reduce the interfacial energy opposing nucleation. In contrast, an increase in the thermodynamic driving force for nucleation through manganese depletion of the austenite matrix local to the inclusion tends to be the dominant nucleation mechanism in HAZs. It is demonstrated that these means of nucleation are not mutually exclusive but depend on the nature of the nucleating phase and the prevailing transformation conditions. Issues for further improvement of weldment toughness are discussed. It is argued that greater numbers of fine particles of a type that preferentially nucleate acicular ferrite are required in particle dispersed steels to oppose the austenite gr

关键词： ACICULAR FERRITE Heat affected zones INCLUSIONS INTERGRANULAR FERRITE PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS WELD METAL

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A Sensitivity Analysis On The Springback Behavior Of The Unconstrained Bending Problem

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2005年第1期778卷 272-277页

作者： T. Meinders A. W. A. Konter S. E. Meijers E. H. Atzema H. Kappert 1Netherlands Institute for Metals Research Rotterdamseweg 137 2628 AL Delft The Netherlands 2University of Twente Faculty of Engineering Technology P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands 3Corus Research Development & Technology IJTC Automotive Applications P.O. Box 10000 1970 CA IJmuiden The Netherlands 4Polynorm Amersfoortseweg 9 3751LJ Bunschoten The Netherlands

Sheet metal forming software is commonly used in the automotive and sheet metal sectors to support the design stage. However, the ability of the currently available software to accurately predict springback is limited. A sensitivity analysis of the springback behavior of a simple product is performed to gain more knowledge into the various factors contributing to the predictability of springback. The sensitivity analysis comprises both numerical and physical aspects and the most important results are reported in this paper.

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Full finish GI manufacturing for the automotive industry

Full finish GI manufacturing for the automotive industry

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Galvatech '04: 6th International Conference on Zinc and Zinc Alloy Coated Steel Sheet

作者： Vlot, M.J. Price, C.E. Zuijderwijk, M.J. Van Veldhuizen, H.B. Corus Research Development and Technology P.O. Box 10000 1970 CA IJmuiden Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)1886362718

Improvement of the surface quality of GI products is essential to fulfill the high aesthetical requirements for outer body panels. Very often, surface defects with the same visual appearance have different causes. Extensive characterizations were performed on surface defects of Full Finish Galvanized material of the Hot Dip Galvanizing Line, DVLI, in IJmuiden, The Netherlands, to find the root cause of these defects. Two examples of characterizations are shown in detail, for a dross surface defect and a zinc pit defect. The root causes can be located at a certain area in the production line, and a hypothesis on the mechanism of the defect formation is proposed. Characterization is a powerful first step to find the root cause of defects and to definitive solutions to prevent defect formation.

关键词： Finishing

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Product performance of polymer coated packaging steel, electrochemical measurements

Product performance of polymer coated packaging steel, elect...

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European Corrosion Conference: Long Term Prediction and Modelling of Corrosion, EUROCORR 2004

作者： Boelen, Berend Breur, Rik Den Hartog, Hans Van Der Weijde, Hans Centre for Packaging Technology Corus Research Development and Technology P.O. Box 10.000 1970 CA IJmuiden Netherlands

Electrochemical measurements were used for understanding and explaining the changes in the coating of polymer coated steel during sterilisation, and the corrosion mechanism observed visually in the saline sterilisation test. Capacity and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements showed coating property changes during sterilisation. Improved product performance due to heat pre-treatment before filling and sterilisation could also be explained with electrochemical measurements. The electrochemical measurements showed to be a powerful tool in understanding the mechanisms involved in product deterioration.

关键词： Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

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Enhancing the wettability of high strength steels during hot-dip galvanising

Enhancing the wettability of high strength steels during hot...

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Galvatech '04: 6th International Conference on Zinc and Zinc Alloy Coated Steel Sheet

作者： Koll, T. Schlegel, C. Bordignon, L. Eynde, X. Vanden Price, C. Veldhuizen, B.V. Salzgitter Mannesmann Forschung Germany Centre de Recherches Metallurgiques Belgium Corus Research Development and Technology Netherlands

No abstract available

ISBN: (纸本)1886362718

No abstract available

关键词： Galvanising Gas Atmosphere High Strength Steels Pre-Oxidation TRIP Steels Wettability

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