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Development of LCA tool based on endpoint modeling of residents for the initial stage of housing design: Examination concerning assessment framework for detached housing Part 1

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Journal of Environmental engineering (Japan) 2013年第691期78卷 719-724页

作者： Takayama, Azusa Asano, Koichi Hasegawa, Ken-Ichi Kanno, Hideto Murata, Ryo Tenma, Yuki Kaneko, Naoshi Graduate School Integrated Course of Systems Science and Technology Akita Prefectural University Japan Dept. of Architecture and Environment System Faculty of Systems Science and Technology Akita Prefectural University Japan Dept. of Architecture and Building Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Japan Graduate School Course of Joint in Life Cycle Design Engine Ering Akita Prefectural University Japan ESTEC DESIGN Japan

Some tools for calculating CO2 emissions have been developed for housing Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). However, these present tools are hard to assess a direct impact of resident such as health risk and amenity. It is considered that the tool that can assess the direct impact of residents can be helpful in checking up the cost-effectiveness on a personal level during the housing design. In this study, we propose a new LCA tool that is based on the Life-cycle Impact assessment Method using by Endpoint modeling (LIME) developed by The National Institute of Advanced Industrial science and Technology (AIST) and introduce a part of the LCA tool experimentally. This proposed LCA tool considers the method of existing earthquake risk management and human health risk assessment such as disability-adjusted life years (DALY) by WHO. Also, it is embedded in a function to estimate by buildup approach. The final cost is obtained by integrating the required cost (internal cost) with damage to environment and human health (external cost). Additionally, the item that adds to inventory, impact category and category endpoint for calculation of external cost at each stage can be selected. Since the idea of this LCA tool can be helpful for architect and client to determine the direction of housing design, we discuss the convenience of LCA tool in this paper.

关键词： Life cycle

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Experimental study on odor intensity and quality from wood materials in oxidative pyrolysis

Bulletin of Japan Association for Fire Science and Engineeri...

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Bulletin of Japan Association for Fire science and engineering 2013年第2期63卷 25-35页

作者： Kamiya, Kyoko Sugawa, Osami Imamura, Tomohiko Oka, Yasushi Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences Yokohama National University 79-7Tokiwadai Hodogaya-ku Yokohama Kanagawa240-8501 Japan Faculty of System Engineering Department of Mechanics Design Tokyo University of Science 5000-1 Toyohira Suwa Chino Nagano391-0292 Japan Faculty of Environment and Information Science Safety Management Course Yokohama National University 79-7Tokiwadai Hodogaya-ku Yokohama Kanagawa240-8501 Japan

It is well known that a scorched odor is emitted from combustible materials undergoing oxidative pyrolysis and/or combustion reactions. In the present study, 15 kinds of domestic woods were selected consisting of six kinds of broad-leaved trees, eight kinds of conifer trees, and one kind of bamboo, and those were used as test samples with the pure cellulose as the reference. TG-DTA system was employed as the device that heats the sample up under the specific conditions. The sample was heated under the air (G3) condition from ambient temperature to 500°C at the rate of2K/min to clarify therelation between the change in quality of odors and the temperature during oxidative pyrolysis. The generated gas was collected in a sampling bag which was attached to the exhaust port of a TG-DTA system, and thequality of odor was measured using electronic noses. The weight of the wood materials decreased approximately 95% in the range of approximately 200 °C to 500 °C due to thermal and oxidative decomposition. The ratios of similarity indices ((aldehyde)/(ammonia) and (aldehyde)/(hydrogen sulfide)) showed rapid increase during the progression of combustion and/or oxidative thermal decomposition, and which would be the important signals for the fire detection system. This property did not take the influence of a water content and kind of woods.

关键词： Aldehydes

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An interactive genetic algorithm-based image sharpening system considering user's liking

An interactive genetic algorithm-based image sharpening syst...

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IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence for engineering Solutions (CIES)

作者： Yoshiaki Ueda Yohei Kuramoto Ryosuke Kubota Noriaki Suetake Eiji Uchino Advanced Course of Production Systems Engineering Ube National College of Technology Ube Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi Japan Department of Intelligent System Engineering Ube National College of Technology Ube Japan

Nowadays, digital images can be easily obtained, recorded and processed in accordance with the widespread use of digital cameras and personal computers. There is an image enhancement as one of most general image processing techniques. In the image enhancement, unsharp masking (UM) has been used widely because its algorithm is very simple and can produce good results. However, over-enhancement occurs in edge parts of the image. Additionally UM also is easy to generate artifacts such as jaggy and halo. To cope with these problems, the authors proposed the selective UM method based on the edge-preserved smoothing filter. However, the image quality obtained by our method depends on values of the enhancement parameters, and their optimal values vary according to user's liking. In this paper, we propose an image enhancement system considering the user's liking by using an interactive genetic algorithm (IGA). In the proposed system, the IGA optimizes the parameters of the image enhancement. Further, a new genetic operation is introduced in order to achieve the effective search in the IGA of the proposed system. Through the experiments using some images, the effectiveness of the proposed system is verified.

关键词： Smoothing methods

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Pressure drop and heat transfer inside coiled helical-grooved tubes for hot-water supply systems

Pressure drop and heat transfer inside coiled helical-groove...

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6th Asian Conference on Refrigeration and Air Conditioning, ACRA 2012

作者： Iku, S. Watanabe, K. Inoue, N. Course of Marine System Engineering Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology Japan Department of Electronics and Mechanical Engineering Division of Marine Technology Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology 2-1-6 Etsuchujima Koto-ku Tokyo 135-8533 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781632660152

In this study, we investigated ways of improving the performance of heat exchangers, which are the heat pumps for use in hot-water supply systems on the hot-water supply side. Therefore, we verified experimentally the pressure drop and the heat transfer characteristics within the coiled flow channel. Five internally helical-grooved copper tubes with an outside diameter of 12.7 mm and coil diameters of 100 mm, 120 mm, 140 mm, 160 mm and 180 mm and a smooth copper tube with an outside diameter of 12.7 mm and coil diameters of 120 mm were used as the heat-transfer coiled tubes in the experiments. Experiments were conducted under conditions of constant isothermal heating and fluid flow inside coil tubes with an inlet temperature of 20°C, and the flow rates of the fluid flow inside the coil tubes were adjusted and varied to change the Reynolds number within the range of 900 to 25,000. From the experimental results, the following conclusions were obtained: (1) The friction factor of the coiled internally helical-grooved tubes displayed a smaller value the larger the curvature radius ratio, and displayed larger values than those of a coiled smooth tube within a low flow rate range. (2) The Nusselt number of the coiled internally helical-grooved tubes was about 50% higher than that of a coiled smooth tube with Reynolds number of about 2500. (3) The critical flow rate necessary for the effective diffusion of the thermal boundary layer depends upon the curvature radius ratio. That the enhanced heat transfer is performed effectively indicates an optimum curvature radius ratio. (4) In the Reynolds number of 2000+ to the turbulent flow region, we proposed the friction factor of coiled internally helical-grooved tubes be correlated within ±10%, and the heat transfer coefficient of those tubes was correlated within ±30%) based on the experimental values.

关键词： Pressure drop

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Proposal Of Link Composition For Rotational Parallel Mechanism With Pin Joints And Investigation Of Movable Area

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International Journal of Automation Technology 2012年第1期6卷 4-12页

作者： Okawa, Kazuya Okamura, Yoshihiro Mechanical System Science Course Graduate School of Engineering Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan

This paper describes a proposal of link composition for a parallel mechanism with pin joints. The maximum angle of inclination by general parallel mechanism with ball joints is about 55 degrees because of the limitations in the angles of those joints. Therefore, a novel parallel mechanism that will replace ball joints by the pin joints with wide movable angle is proposed. Moreover, three kinds of link compositions: an outside type, an inside type and a combination type are proposed. The transmission index is investigated on these three types, and it has been understood that the combination type is able to move in the widest area. It was confirmed that the inclination angle of the end effector can go up to 90 degrees by simulations and experiments that proved effectiveness.

关键词： Mechanisms

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Method of Power Generation after Hydrogen is Produced with Piggery Wastewater

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engineering（科研） 2012年第10期4卷 50-52页

作者： Matsunori Nara Xiaoyi Zhao Course of Engineering and Management Graduate school of Tokyo University of Science Suwa 5000-1 Toyohira Chino Nagano Japan Department of System Engineering Tokyo University of Science Suwa (TUS) 5000-1 Toyohira Chino Nagano Japan

It is a technology that produces the hydrogen gases by using only the microorganism and sunlight from the wastewater to be at a loss because of processing. And, the produced hydrogen uses the fuel cell and is used to generate electricity. Because this technology doesn't use the organic matter that becomes food, and use the organic matter included in waste, clean power generation is possible. We researched the improvement of the hydrogen gas production efficiency. The purple non-sulfur photosynthesis bacillus was purely cultured, the substrate dependency was clarified, and the best substrate dosage was decided. Moreover, it was shown that the light wave length conversion net was effective for the hydrogen gas production efficiency improvement. On the other hand, a too strong light intensity showed becoming the growth obstruction of phototropic bacteria. When the light intensity for the photosynthesis is insufficient, the light wave length conversion net can support this. On the other hand, there was an effect of easing the trouble by light when the light intensity was excessive. We were able to offer the design parameter to produce the hydrogen gases with the wastewater efficiently.

关键词： Wastewater Utilization Hydrogen Gasproduction Bio-mass Enrgy

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A Structured Overlay Network for Aggregating Sensor Data

A Structured Overlay Network for Aggregating Sensor Data

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International Conference on Broadband, Wireless Computing, Communication and Applications (BWCCA)

作者： Atsushi Takeda Takuma Oide Akiko Takahashi Department of Information Science Tohoku Gakuin University Sendai Japan Advanced Course of Information and Electronic System Engineering Sendai National College of Technology Sendai Japan Department of Information Systems Sendai National College of Technology Sendai Japan

Symbiotic computing services require big data from a huge number of sensor devices in order to detect the real-world, so a distributed database system which can handle the big data is required for symbiotic computing system. In this paper, we propose a scalable structured p2p network which supports data aggregation. In the proposed p2p network, each node forwards partial statistical results to other nodes, and each node aggregates partial statistical results in order to calculate a complete statistical result. In the proposed p2p network, the data aggregation process does not need any specific protocols, so the communication cost of the extension mechanism is very low. We simulated the proposed p2p network by using a p2p network simulator. The simulation results indicate that the proposed data aggregation mechanism is effective enough.

关键词： Database systems Symbiosis Maintenance engineering Information management Data handling Data storage systems Clocks

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Effect of inclined support surface on postural strategy during anterior-posterior platform translations

Effect of inclined support surface on postural strategy duri...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Masanori Ishizawa Shin-ichiroh Yamamoto He received bachelor's degree in engineering from department of machinery & control system Shibaura Institute of Technology in 2011 Since Apr. 2011 he has been a master course at Shibaura Institute of Technology. He received the Ph.D. degree from the Department of Life Science The University of Tokyo in 2000. He is a professor Department of Bio-science and Engineering Shibaura Institute of Technology Japan. His major research interests focus on neuro-rehabilit

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441198

Previous studies have reported that postural coordination patterns change as a function of translation frequency. However, the effect of inclined support surface on postural strategy was not clear. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of inclined support surface on postural strategy during platform translations. Eight healthy adults maintained their balance in stance during support surface translations in the anterior-posterior direction at two different frequencies (0.2 and 0.8[Hz]) and at three different base of support condition (LV: Level, TD: Toe Down, TU: Toe Up). For the kinematic data at slow frequency, subjects rode the platform depending on the movement of platform itself, while at fast frequency subjects fixed their head and center of mass (COM) in space. For the kinetic data at slow frequency, the ankle moment amplitude is similar among all support surface conditions, while at fast frequency the ankle moment amplitude for TU is significantly larger than LV. Result shown that the effect of inclined surface on postural strategy changed according to frequency of support surface translations.

关键词： Effect of inclined support surface platform translations support surface translations

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A Testable Realization for Decimal Multipliers

A Testable Realization for Decimal Multipliers

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International Symposium on Multiple-Valued Logic

作者： Takashi Hirayama Yasuaki Nishitani Seiji Kitamura Department of Computer Science Iwate University Japan Graduate Course of Safety System Engineering Hirosaki University Japan

We propose a testable decimal multiplication circuit under the single cell fault model. The multiplier consists of iterative logic arrays of partial product generators and adders. We also give a set of test patterns to detect single faults in the circuit. The number of test patterns is proportional to that of the input digits of the multiplier, which is significantly smaller than the exponential number of test patterns required in non-testable circuits. This efficient testability is achieved only by as light change of the function in the partial product generators and an insertion of some testing inputs in the adders. No additional hardware modules are required in the proposed realization.

关键词： Testing Adders Circuit faults Generators Integrated circuit modeling Computer architecture Logic arrays

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Design and development of Module-Composite Underwater Vehicle

Design and development of Module-Composite Underwater Vehicl...

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OCEANS

作者： Masayoshi Ozawa Etsuro Shimizu Marine System Engineering Course Graduate School Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology Tokyo Japan Department of Marine Electrical and Mechanical Eng Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology Tokyo Japan

Since underwater vehicles have been developed for a long time, those fundamental techniques are studied and established. In general, improvement of vehicle and/or attaching new equipments are quite difficult once the underwater vehicle is designed. Furthermore, vehicles are required various missions and/or different apparatus. In present, these problems are managed by changing attachment of manipulator in every mission. In this paper, underwater vehicle composed by modules is proposed. Every single function of underwater vehicle is separated to the module. The proposed vehicle is composed by these modules which are selected depend on necessity of instrument, area of investigation and environment. Each module are able to communicate by ZigBee which is one of wireless specification and unit.

关键词： Underwater vehicles Vehicles Wireless communication Zigbee Wireless sensor networks Batteries Power systems

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