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Optical absorption and ultrafast carrier dynamics characterization of CdSe quantum dots deposited on different morphologies of nanostructured TiO2 films

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Materials science and engineering C 2007年第5-8 SPEC. ISS.期27卷 1514-1520页

作者： Diguna, Lina J. Shen, Qing Sato, Akira Katayama, Kenji Sawada, Tsuguo Toyoda, Taro Department of Applied Physics and Chemistry The University of Electro-Communications 1-5-1 Chofugaoka Chofu Tokyo 182-8585 Japan Course of Coherent Optical Science The University of Electro-Communications 1-5-1 Chofugaoka Chofu Tokyo 182-8585 Japan Department of Applied Chemistry Chuo University 1-13-27 Kasuga Bunkyo Tokyo 112-8551 Japan Department of Chemical System Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 2-24-16 Nakamachi Koganei Tokyo 184-8588 Japan

In this study, CdSe QDs were chemically adsorbed onto the inverse opal TiO2 film as well as the common nanocrystalline TiO2 film. The optical absorption studied by using photoacoustic (PA) spectroscopy implies the growing and larger amount of CdSe QDs onto inverse opal TiO2 by increasing deposition time. For the same deposition time, the growth of CdSe QD size are independent on TiO2 matrixes, but largely deposited on the common nanocrystalline TiO2 film than the inverse opal TiO2. Ultrafast carrier dynamics shows a fast (hole) decay process and a slow (electron) decay process with lifetimes of a few ps and a few tens to hundreds ps, respectively. With increasing deposition time, regarding larger size and amount of CdSe QDs, the time constant of these two processes become longer for CdSe deposited inverse opal TiO2 samples. However, for the same deposition time, CdSe deposited inverse opal TiO2 have the shorter lifetime of both hole and electron decay processes compared to one on nanocrystalline TiO2, showing that the amount of CdSe QDs, the interfaces between CdSe QDs, play important role in carrier relaxation. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Molecular dynamics

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Study on Adaptive Power system Stabilizing Control Calculated by "Search Space Establishment-less Type Genetic Algorithm Considering Mutation Rate (MSSELGA)"

Study on Adaptive Power System Stabilizing Control Calculate...

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International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation (EPQU)

作者： Youichi Hirabayashi Yosibumi Mizutani Kenji Mizutani Monthon Leelajindakrairerk Course of Electrical and Electric System Graduate School of Engineering Tokai University Kanagawa Japan Department of Human and Information Science School of Information Science and Technology organization Tokai University Kanagawa Japan Department of Electrical Engineering School of Engineering Tokai University Japan Department of Electrical Engineering School of Engineering King Mongkut''s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Thailand

The Adaptive Power system Stabilizing (APSS) has been developed. This system evaluates the transient responses for each ground fault point and the operating point of the power system by bus-to-bus phase, to obtain an optimal set of tuning parameters for APSS. When the operation point changes with a great amount, the tuning parameters will be readjusted by on-line operation. Simulation of the 16-machine 48-bus system is carried out to prove the validity of the proposed method.

关键词： Power system control Adaptive systems Programmable control Adaptive control Power systems Control systems Genetic algorithms Genetic mutations Power system transients Power system faults

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Development of Search Space Establishment-less Type High Speed Genetic Algorithm Considering Mutation Rate and Using Parallel computer

Development of Search Space Establishment-less Type High Spe...

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International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation (EPQU)

作者： Ujiie Takahiro Kenji Mizutani Yosibumi Mizutani Monthon Leelajindakrairerk Course of Electrical and Electric System Graduate School of Engineering Tokai University Kanagawa Japan Department of Human and Information Science School of Information Science and Technology organization Tokai University Kanagawa Japan Department of Electrical Engineering School of Engineering Tokai University Japan Department of Electrical Engineering King Mongkut''s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Thailand

This paper presents a new genetic algorithm "Search Space Establishment-less Type High Speed Genetic Algorithm Considering Mutation Rate and Using Parallel Computer: PMSSELGA " for optimization control problems. Through the PMSSELGA, all the search space of the tuning parameters for the control are set in the range of 1000.0-0.001. And, a mutation rate is gradually to decrease with the generation from 100 % to 15 %. The PMSSELGA is speeded up by the parallel computation and the avoidance of repetitive calculations. It is applied to the optimum design of Multi-input power system stabilizer using Series Compensation Method in power system, which contains low-frequency oscillations, and the efficiency through the PMSSELGA is superior to conventional one.

关键词： Genetic algorithms Genetic mutations Concurrent computing Space technology Power systems Genetic engineering Information science Electronic mail Control systems Tuning

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Active Control of a Pneumatic Vibration Isolation Table using a Newly Developed Precise and High Response Pressure Regulator

Active Control of a Pneumatic Vibration Isolation Table usin...

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IEEE Conference on Control Technology and Applications (CCTA)

作者： Tomonori Kato Kenji Kawashima Tatsuya Funaki Harus Laksana Gunter Toshiharu Kagawa Mechanical System Engineering Course Department of Monozukuri Engineering Tokyo Metropolitan College of Industrial Technology Shinagawa Tokyo Japan Precision and Intelligence Laboratory Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama Kanagawa Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST Tsukuba Central 3 National Metrology Institute of Japan Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan

The pressure regulator is a substantial element in a pneumatic system. A relief-type precision pressure regulator is commonly used in order to control the supply pressure of actively controlled pneumatic vibration isolator. In this paper, firstly, we propose a pneumatic pressure regulator that achieves precise pressure control and quick response. The regulator consists of an isothermal chamber, a servo valve, a pressure sensor, a quick response laminar flow sensor (QFS), and a pressure differentiator (PD sensor) which we have developed. Slight changes of pressure in the chamber can be detected by the PD sensor and it is fed back to the servo valve to maintain the pressure at a desired value. The effectiveness of the developed regulator was confirmed experimentally in comparison with commercially available pressure regulators. Then, the developed regulator was applied to an actively controlled pneumatic vibration isolation table, in order to regulate the supply pressure. The effectiveness of the developed regulator is also shown in the experiment, especially in terms of avoiding affection from the disturbance given upstream of the regulator.

关键词： Pressure control Vibration control Regulators Valves Servomechanisms Isolators Control systems Pneumatic systems Machinery Springs

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A low dynamic power and low leakage power CMOS square-root circuit

A low dynamic power and low leakage power CMOS square-root c...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and systems (ISCAS)

作者： T. Enomoto N. Kobayashi Graduate School of Science and Engineering Information and System Engineering Course Chuo University Bunkyo Tokyo Japan

To reduce drastically the dynamic power (P/sub AT/) and the leakage power (P/sub ST/), while increasing the operating speed of a CMOS square-root (SR) circuit, a new SR algorithm and a self-controllable-voltage-level (SVL) circuit, consisting of a single CMOS switch, have been developed. They can not only drastically decrease the number of gates (G/sub c/) in the critical path and the total number of logic gates (G), but also considerably reduce the leakage power. G/sub c/ and G of the new 8-bit, 0.16-/spl mu/m CMOS SR circuit are greatly reduced to 30 and 97, 50.0% and 51.3%, respectively, of those of a conventional SR circuit. Thus, the maximum operating frequency (f/sub c/) of the new SR circuit at a supply voltage (V/sub DD/) of 1.5 V is 581 MHz, 1.62 times faster than the 358 MHz of the conventional SR circuit. P/sub AT/ of the new SR circuit, at f/sub c/ of 200 MHz and V/sub DD/ of 1.5 V, is reduced to 309 /spl mu/W, 54.3% of the 569 /spl mu/W of the conventional SR circuit. P/sub ST/ of the new SR circuit is only 8.8 nW, 1.36% of the 647 nW of the conventional SR circuit.

关键词： Content addressable storage Strontium CMOS logic circuits Logic gates Switches Power engineering and energy systems engineering and theory Switching circuits Frequency Voltage

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Optical absorption, photoelectrochemical, and ultrafast carrier dynamic investigations of CdSe quantum dot sensitized TiO2 electrodes composed of nanotubes and nanowires

Optical absorption, photoelectrochemical, and ultrafast carr...

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2005 International Microprocesses and Nanotechnology Conference

作者： Shen, Q. Katayama, K. Yamaguchi, M. Sawada, T. Sato, K. Toyoda, T. Dept. Appl. Phys. and Chem. Univ. Electro-Commun. Japan Course of Coherent Optical Science Univ. Electro-Commun. Japan Micro Chemistry Group Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology Kanagawa Japan Graduate School of Frontier Sciences Univ. Tokyo Japan Dept. Chem. System Engineering Tokyo Univ. Agriculture and Technology Japan

No abstract available

ISBN: (纸本)4990247221

No abstract available

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Optical absorption, photoelectrochemical, and ultrafast carrier dynamic investigations of CdSe quantum dot sensitized TiO/sub 2/ electrodes composed of nanotubes and nanowires

Optical absorption, photoelectrochemical, and ultrafast carr...

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International Conference on Microprocesses and Nanotechnology

作者： Q. Shen K. Katayama M. Yamaguchi T. Sawada K. Sato T. Toyoda Course of Coherent Optical University of Electro-Communications Japan Micro Chemistry Group Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology Kanagawa Japan Graduate School of Frontier Sciences University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Department Chem System Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Japan Department Applied Physics & Chemistry Japan

In this paper, we prepared TiO/sub 2/ electrodes composed of nanotubes and nanowires following a surfactant template method reported by M. Adachi et al. (2003) and sensitized them with CdSe QDs reported in Q. Shen and T. Toyoda (2004). We studied the optical absorption and the incident photon to current conversion efficiency (IPCE) of the electrodes using photoacoustic (PA) and photoelectrochemical (PEC) methods. The PA method is a powerful tool for characterizing the optical absorption of opaque and scattered samples as presented in A. Rosencwaig and A. Gersho (1976). In addition, we studied ultrafast carrier dynamics of TiO/sub 2/ films composed of nanotubes and nanowires using lens-free heterodyne detection transient grating (LF-HD-TG) technique based in M. Katayama et al. (2003).

关键词： Optical sensors Ultrafast optics Absorption Quantum dots Optical films Optical scattering Optical mixing Electrodes Nanotubes Nanowires

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Low-power CMOS circuit techniques for motion estimators

Low-power CMOS circuit techniques for motion estimators

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and systems (ISCAS)

作者： T. Enomoto T. Ei Graduate School of Science and Engineering Information and System Engineering Course Chuo University Bunkyo Tokyo Japan

To drastically reduce the active power (P/sub AT/) and the stand-by power (P/sub ST/) of the CMOS motion estimator (ME), several power reduction techniques were developed. They were circuit architectures that were able to reduce supply voltages (V/sub D/) and numbers of logic gates, a fast motion estimation algorithm, and a leakage current reduction circuit. A 0.13-/spl mu/m CMOS accumulation-type ME (AME) LSI has been developed by using those techniques. At clock frequency of 220 MHz and V/sub D/ of 0.73 V, P/sub AT/ was reduced to 51.2 /spl mu/W, which was 16.3% that of a conventional AME. P/sub ST/ was 9.92 nW, which was 9.58% that of the conventional AME.

关键词： CMOS technology Motion estimation Voltage Logic gates CMOS logic circuits Logic circuits Leakage current Large scale integration Clocks Frequency

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Human systems integration and advanced technology in engineering department workload and manpower reduction

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2003年第1期115卷 57-65页

作者： Lively, KA Seman, AJ Kirkpatrick, M KENNETH A. LIVELY graduated from the University of Colorado with a BS in applied mathematics and an MS in mathematics in 1976 and from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology with an MS in electrical engineering and the degree ocean engineer in naval architecture and marine engineering in 1984. He retired from the U.S. Navy in 1989 after 23 years of service. Assignments included electrical officer on the USS Constellation (CV 64) project engineer for the DDG 51 machinery control system (NAVSEA) and DDG 51 Technical Director (NAVSEA). He was vice president of the PDI Division of Bird-Johnson Company from July 1989 to November 1998 where he managed various gas turbine and machinery controls related development projects. He joined Anteon Corporation's Systems Engineering Group as senior controls engineer in December 1998 where he provided technical support to the integrated power systems program (NAVSEA PMS 510) and managed the Office of Naval Research Afloat Laboratory. DR. MARK KIRKPATRICK is currently an independent consultant in human factors and work-load/manning analysis and modeling. He holds a Ph.D. degree in experimental psychology from The Ohio State University and has 34 years of experience in applied human factors. From 1982 through 2000 Dr. Kirkpatrick served as the senior vice president of Carlow International. Prior to joining Carlow in 1982 Dr. Kirkpatrick served as a member of the technical staff at North American Rockwell's Missiles Division and as a project director and vice president for Essex Corporation. His areas of expertise include workload simulation task analysis operator-in-the-loop simulation human performance experimentation statistical analysis and human factors T&E. He has directed and/or participated in human factors projects for the U.S. Navy U.S. Army NASA Department of Transportation the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and private industry. ANTHONY J. SEMAN III is the technical manager for the reduced ship's crew by virtual presence (RSVP) advanced technology d

Aboard current ships, such as the DDG 51, engineering control and damage control activities are manpower intensive. It is anticipated that, for future combatants, the workload demand arising from operation of systems under conditions of normal steaming and during casualty response will need to be markedly reduced via automated monitoring, autonomous control, and other technology initiatives. Current DDG 51 class ships can be considered as a manpower baseline and under Condition III typical engineering control involves seven to eight watchstanders at manned stations in the Central Control Station, the engine rooms and other machinery spaces. In contrast to this manning level, initiatives such as DD 21 and the integrated engineering plant (IEP) envision a partnership between the operator and the automation system, with more and more of the operator's functions being shifted to the automation system as manning levels decrease. This paper describes some human systems integration studies of workload demand reduction and, consequently, manning reduction that can be achieved due to application of several advanced technology concepts. Advanced system concept studies in relation to workload demand are described and reviewed including. Piecemeal applications of diverse automation and remote control technology concepts to selected high driver tasks in current DDG 51 activities. Development of the reduced ship's crew by virtual presence system that will provide automated monitoring and display to operators of machinery health, compartment conditions, and personnel health. The IEP envisions the machinery control system as a provider of resources that are used by various consumers around the ship. Resource needs and consumer priorities are at all times dependent upon the ship's current mission and the availability of equipment pawnbrokers.

关键词： Naval warfare

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A fast motion estimation algorithm and low-power 0.13-/spl mu/m CMOS motion estimation circuits

A fast motion estimation algorithm and low-power 0.13-/spl m...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and systems (ISCAS)

作者： T. Enomoto A. Kotabe Information and System Engineering Course Chuo University Graduate School of Science and Engineering Bunkyo Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0780366859

To drastically reduce the power dissipation (P) of motion estimation (ME) circuits, a fast ME algorithm called the "multi-step improved breaking-off-search (M-IBOS)" has been developed. M-IBOS can improve the speed of a full search algorithm by a factor of 4 to 8.5, while achieving the same visual quality. A new 0.13-/spl mu/m CMOS accumulation-type ME circuit for M-IBOS has been designed. P is reduced to 374 /spl mu/W, which is 1/1754 that of the previously developed 0.6-/spl mu/m CMOS Wallace-tree ME circuit.

关键词： Motion estimation CMOS logic circuits Niobium Logic gates Capacitance Degradation Power engineering and energy systems engineering and theory Power dissipation Frequency estimation

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