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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第4期5卷 1586-1598页

作者： Zhuang, Tianming Qin, Zhen Ding, Yi Deng, Fuhu Chen, Leduo Qin, Zhiguang Raymond Choo, Kim-Kwang University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Network and Data Security Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu Sichuan610054 China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Information and Software Engineering Chengdu Sichuan610054 China School of Advanced Technology Suzhou Jiangsu215123 China University of Texas at San Antonio Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security San AntonioTX78249 United States

Human skeleton data, which has served in the aspect of human activity recognition, ought to be the most representative biometric characteristics due to its intuitivity and visuality. The state-of-the-art approaches mainly focus on improving modeling spatial correlations within graph topologies. However, the interframes motional representations are also of vital importance, and we argue that they are worth paying attention to and exploring. Therefore, a temporal refinement module with contrastive learning mechanism is proposed, fuzing as a complementary to the conventional spatial graph convolution layer. In addition, in order to further exploiting the interframe variances and generalizing graph convolutional network (GCN) operation to temporal dimension, a temporal-correlation matrix is introduced to effectively capture dynamic dependencies within frame-pairs, enhancing semantic feature representation. Moreover, since GCN is a typical local operator which lacks of capability to fully model the long-term relations along spatial and temporal variation, to move beyond the limitation, a spatial-temporal cascaded aggregation (STCA) module is designed to enlarge the receptive filter scale. The overall recognition framework consists of three above novelties, which is capable of achieving remarkable performance by evaluating on benchmark datasets (i.e., NTU RGB+D 60, NTU RGB+D 120, PKU-MMD, and Kinetics Skeleton 400). Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework, e.g., performing recognition accuracy rate of 90.9% and 96.8% on NTU RGB+D 60, 87.9% and 88.9% on NTU RGB+D 120. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Convolution

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Efficient and Secure Federated Knowledge Transfer Under Non-IID Settings in IoT

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第13期12卷 24644-24655页

作者： Liu, Shuying Xie, Rongpeng Miao, Yinbin Peng, Jinye Leng, Tao Liu, Zhiquan Choo, Kim-Kwang Raymond Northwest University School of Information Science and Technology Xi’an710119 China Xian Yang Normal University Department of Computer Xian Yang712000 China Xidian University School of Cyber Engineering Xi’an710071 China Sichuan Police College Intelligent Policing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Luzhou646000 China Jinan University College of Cyber Security Guangzhou510632 China Technology Ltd Beijing100020 China The University of Texas at San Antonio Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security San AntonioTX78249 United States

In the era of Internet of Things (IoT) and Federated Learning (FL), where distributed training models are essential, the FL paradigm has come into the spotlight for researchers. However, the inconsistency in the sources of client data and Non-Independent and Identically Distributed (Non-IID) heterogeneous characteristics lead to loss in model accuracy. Existing method which attempts to homogenize data distribution among clients based on Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) incurs high computation overheads on clients in IoT. In this paper, we propose a lightweight Feature Prototype Knowledge Transfer (FPKT) mechanism. By capturing the essence of data categories, FPKT generates pseudo-features without requiring the original data features, thereby efficiently enhancing model accuracy. We formally prove that FPKT resists Chosen Plaintext Attack (CPA) and experiments demonstrate that our scheme achieves a hundredfold increase in computational efficiency and improves model accuracy by up to 40%. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Federated learning

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A Monte Carlo Tree Search Framework for Autonomous Source Term Estimation in Stone Soup

A Monte Carlo Tree Search Framework for Autonomous Source Te...

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International Conference on information Fusion

作者： Timothy J Glover Rohit V. Nanavati Matthew Coombes Cunjia Liu Wen-Hua Chen Nicola Perree Steven Hiscocks Department of Aeronautical and Automotive Engineering Loughborough University UK Cyber and Information Systems Defence Science and Technology Laboratory Salisbury UK

ISBN: (数字)9781737749769

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371420

Source term estimation of a hazardous release remains a topic of significant interest in the robotics and state estimation communities, with application to many safety critical scenarios including gas or nuclear release, locating suspicious smells or response to emergency incidents. Limited sensing resources and time constraints mean that deciding on how to act in order to improve efficiency of estimation is also of significant interest. This paper has two main focuses: a sequential Monte Carlo technique for performing source term estimation from gas concentration measurements taken on a mobile sensor platform and a Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) framework to perform sensor motion planning to maximise Kullback-Leibler divergence (KLD). Both algorithms are implemented in the open source tracking and estimation framework: Stone Soup, creating several key contributions to this Python based toolkit. The presented algorithm demonstrates superior performance when compared to a greedy myopic alternative when considering source position estimation error, release rate error and successful rate performance measures.

关键词： Monte Carlo methods Tracking Estimation Position measurement Robot sensing systems Planning Sensors Safety Time factors State estimation

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An activated variable parameter gradient‐based neural network for time‐variant constrained quadratic programming and its applications

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence technology 2023年第3期8卷 670-679页

作者： Guancheng Wang Zhihao Hao Haisheng Li Bob Zhang PAMI Research Group Department of Computer and Information ScienceUniversity of MacaoTaipaMacaoChina China Industrial Control Systems Cyber Emergency Response Team BeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijingChina

This study proposes a novel gradient‐based neural network model with an activated variable parameter,named as the activated variable parameter gradient‐based neural network(AVPGNN)model,to solve time‐varying constrained quadratic programming(TVCQP)*** with the existing models,the AVPGNN model has the following advantages:(1)avoids the matrix inverse,which can significantly reduce the computing complexity;(2)introduces the time‐derivative of the time‐varying param-eters in the TVCQP problem by adding an activated variable parameter,enabling the AVPGNN model to achieve a predictive calculation that achieves zero residual error in theory;(3)adopts the activation function to accelerate the convergence *** solve the TVCQP problem with the AVPGNN model,the TVCQP problem is transformed into a non‐linear equation with a non‐linear compensation problem function based on the Karush Kuhn Tucker ***,a variable parameter with an activation function is employed to design the AVPGNN *** accuracy and convergence rate of the AVPGNN model are rigorously analysed in ***,numerical experiments are also executed to demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed ***,to explore the feasibility of the AVPGNN model,appli-cations to the motion planning of a robotic manipulator and the portfolio selection of marketed securities are illustrated.

关键词： computational intelligence mathematics computing optimisation

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TMAS:A transaction misbehavior analysis scheme for blockchain

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2024年第3期5卷 42-52页

作者： Shiyong Huang Xiaohan Hao Yani Sun Chenhuang Wu Huimin Li Wei Ren Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo School of Computer Science China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China Artificial Intelligence Thrust Information HubHong Kong University of Science and TechnologyGuangzhou511400China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Blockchain Application Technology Yunnan Innovation Institute of Beihang UniversityKunming650233China Fujian Key Laboratory of Financial Information Processing Putian UniversityPutian351100China Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78249-0631USA

Blockchain-based cryptocurrencies,such as Bitcoins,are increasingly ***,the decentralized and anonymous nature of these currencies can also be(ab)used for nefarious activities such as money laundering,thus reinforcing the importance of designing tools to effectively detect malicious transaction *** this paper,we propose TMAS,a transaction misbehavior analysis scheme for blockchain-based ***,the proposed system includes ten features in the transaction graph,two heuristic money laundering models,and an analysis method for account linkage,which identifies accounts that are distinct but controlled by an identical *** evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed indicators and models,we analyze 100 million transactions and compute transaction features,and are able to identify a number of suspicious ***,the proposed methods can be applied to other cryptocurrencies,such as token-based cryptocurrencies(e.g.,Bitcoins)and account-based cryptocurrencies(e.g.,Ethereum).

关键词： Blockchain Anti-money laundering Bitcoin Cyptocurrency

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A Framework Quantifying Trustworthiness of Supervised Machine and Deep Learning Models

A Framework Quantifying Trustworthiness of Supervised Machin...

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2023 Workshop on Artificial Intelligence Safety, SafeAI 2023

作者： Celdran, Alberto Huertas Kreischer, Jan Demirci, Melike Leupp, Joel Sanchez Sanchez, Pedro M. Franco, Muriel Figueredo Bovet, Gérôme Perez, Gregorio Martinez Stiller, Burkhard Communication Systems Group CSG Department of Informatics IfI University of Zurich UZH Switzerland Department of Information and Communications Engineering University of Murcia Spain Cyber-Defence Campus Armasuisse Science & Technology

Trusting Artificial Intelligence (AI) is controversial since models and predictions might not be fair, understandable by humans, robust against adversaries, or trained appropriately. Existing toolkits help data scientists to create fair, explainable, robust, and transparent Machine and Deep Learning (ML/DL) models. However, tools to quantify AI trustworthiness according to pillars and metrics relevant for heterogeneous scenarios are still missing. This work proposes a novel algorithm that quantifies the trustworthiness level of supervised ML/DL models according to their fairness, explainability, robustness, and accountability. The algorithm is deployed on a Web application to allow the general public to calculate the trustworthiness of their models. Finally, a validation scenario with models classifying cyberattacks demonstrates the applicability of the Web application and algorithm. © 2023 Copyright for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). CEUR Workshop Proceedings (***)

关键词： Deep learning

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Reversible Data Hiding With Secret Encrypted Image Sharing and Adaptive Coding

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第13期12卷 23933-23945页

作者： Fang, Guangtian Wang, Feng Zhao, Chenbin Qin, Chuan Chang, Ching-Chun Chang, Chin-Chen Fujian University of Technology College of Computer Science and Mathematics Fuzhou350118 China Fujian University of Technology College of Computer Science and Mathematics Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Applications Fuzhou350118 China Monash University Faculty of IT Department of Software Systems and Cybersecurity VIC3800 Australia Ministry of Education School of Cyber Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Security and Trusted Computing Wuhan430072 China University of Shanghai for Science and Technology School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering Shanghai200093 China Feng Chia University Information and Communication Security Research Center Taichuang 40724 Taiwan Feng Chia University Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science Taichung40724 Taiwan

To ensure the security of image information and facilitate efficient management in the cloud, the utilization of reversible data hiding in encrypted images (RDHEI) has emerged as pivotal. However, most existing RDHEI schemes suffer from lower security and limited embedding capacity. To tackle these challenges, we propose a reversible data hiding with secret encrypted image sharing and adaptive coding scheme. Specifically, in the encryption phase, we introduce an improved secret sharing (SS) encryption method based on the chinese remainder theorem for polynomials (CRTP). This method not only improves the security of encrypted images but also vacates a larger room for embedding. In the embedding phase, we introduce an adaptive coding embedding approach using XOR preservation (XORP) and huffman coding, which provides high embedding capacity. Experimental results and security analysis demonstrate that our proposed encryption method achieves optimal values in security indicators for encrypted images, such as information entropy, histograms, NPCR and UACI. The proposed embedding method is superior to some state-of-the-art schemes in terms of embedding capacity. Furthermore, in datasets BOSSBase and BOWS2, the average embedding rates of the proposed embedding approach can reach 2.1745 bpp and 2.0656 bpp, respectively. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Cryptography Encryption Security Data mining Adaptive coding Correlation Cloud computing Polynomials Image coding Streaming media

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CASKA-CRT: Chinese Remainder Theorem Empowered Certificateless Aggregate Signcryption Scheme with Key Agreement in IoVs

IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles

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IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles 2024年第11期9卷 1-16页

作者： Hou, Yingzhe Cao, Yue Xiong, Hu Sun, Zhili Mumtaz, Shahid Tian, Daxin School of Cyber Science and Engineering Wuhan University Wuhan China School of Information and Software Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China Institute of Communication Systems University of Surrey Guildford U.K Department of Applied Informatics Silesian University of Technology Akademicka Gliwice Poland State Key Laboratory of Vehicle-Infrastructure Integrated ITS the State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Transportation System and the School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing China

To enhance the privacy of messages in Internet of Vehicles (IoVs), it is critical to preserve the communication security between Road Side Unit (RSU) and numerous vehicles. The primitive of signcryption is introduced to guarantee the confidentiality, integrity and unforgeability of transmitted messages. Nevertheless, the existing signcryption schemes fail to achieve a balance between security and efficiency. In this paper, we construct a Chinese remainder theorem (CRT) empowered certificateless aggregate signcryption scheme with key agreement (CASKA-CRT). As the vehicle joins and leaves dynamically, the proposed scheme can ensure the dynamic security via one modulo division operation. Besides, the certificateless aggregate signcryption and key agreement mechanisms are embedded. The former idea can both address the certificate management and key escrow problems, while the latter technology can create authentication as a premise of secure communication. Based on this construction, the hash-to-group operation and bilinear pairing are avoided, to realize a faster verification with the increased number of messages. Moreover, the security of proposed scheme is proved under the random oracle model. Finally, the performance analysis demonstrates the advantage of CASKA-CRT in terms of security and reliability over related works. IEEE

关键词： Public key cryptography

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Resilient Formation Control Based on Watermarks for Networked Quadrotors under Deception Attacks

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular technology 2025年第6期74卷 8839-8850页

作者： Zhan, Weiwei Miao, Zhiqiang Zeng, Jianxin Chen, Yanjie Wu, Zheng-Guang He, Wei Wang, Yaonan Hunan University College of Electrical and Information Engineering Changsha410082 China Fuzhou University School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou350108 China National Engineering Research Center of Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology Changsha410082 China Zhejiang University Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control Hangzhou310027 China University of Science and Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Bionic Unmanned Systems Ministry of Education School of Intelligence Science and Technology Institute of Artificial Intelligence Beijing100083 China

This article addresses the problem of formation control of networked UAVs under deception attacks. A lightweight resilient formation control framework based on watermarks is proposed to achieve the desired formation configuration without extra monitoring attack status. Since deception attacks are covert, the shared information is watermarked before transmission to establish the protocol among networked UAVs. To facilitate the resilient formation controller design, a decoder is first developed to decipher the inverse transformation of deception attacks, where the watermark is the criterion for approximating the inverse transformation. The Gauss error function is introduced to eliminate some unrealistic input commands under deception attacks, obtaining the predefined input performance. Then, a resilient formation controller is developed to guarantee the global boundedness of all signals within the inner-loop and outerloop system, while the formation error converges to a small neighborhood of zero by solving the linear matrix inequality. Two challenging deception attack examples in simulations and experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness and performance of the proposed resilient formation control framework. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Inverse transforms

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SSpose: Self-Supervised Spatial-Aware Model for Human Pose Estimation

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第11期5卷 5403-5417页

作者： Yu, Linfang Qin, Zhen Xu, Liqun Qin, Zhiguang Choo, Kim-Kwang Raymond University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Network and Data Security Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu610054 China Industrial Research Institute Chengdu610213 China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Network and Data Security Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province School of Information and Software Engineering Chengdu610054 China Industrial Research Institute Chengdu610213 China University of Texas at San Antonio Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security San AntonioTX78249 United States

Human pose estimation (HPE) relies on the anatomical relationships among different body parts to locate keypoints. Despite the significant progress achieved by convolutional neural networks (CNN)-based models in HPE, they typically fail to explicitly learn the global dependencies among various body parts. To overcome this limitation, we propose a spatial-aware HPE model called SSpose that explicitly captures the spatial dependencies between specific key points and different locations in an image. The proposed SSpose model adopts a hybrid CNN-Transformer encoder to simultaneously capture local features and global dependencies. To better preserve image details, a multiscale fusion module is introduced to integrate coarse- and fine-grained image information. By establishing a connection with the activation maximization (AM) principle, the final attention layer of the Transformer aggregates contributions (i.e., attention scores) from all image positions and forms the maximum position in the heatmap, thereby achieving keypoint localization in the head structure. Additionally, to address the issue of visible information leakage in convolutional reconstruction, we have devised a self-supervised training framework for the SSpose model. This framework incorporates mask autoencoder (MAE) technology into SSpose models by utilizing masked convolution and hierarchical masking strategy, thereby facilitating efficient self-supervised learning. Extensive experiments demonstrate that SSpose performs exceptionally well in the pose estimation task. On the COCO val set, it achieves an AP and AR of 77.3% and 82.1%, respectively, while on the COCO test-dev set, the AP and AR are 76.4% and 81.5%. Moreover, the model exhibits strong generalization capabilities on MPII. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Supervised learning

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