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2024 IEEE Microwaves, Antennas, and Propagation Conference, MAPCON 2024

作者： Khan, Muhammad U. Muhammad, Awab Nadeem, Adnan Arya, Ravi Kumar Chaudhary, Prashant Mittra, Raj Islamabad Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Frederick University Cyprus Xiangshan Laboratory Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Central Florida FL United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379693

This work introduces a novel cavity-backed slot antenna design operating at 10 GHz, employing a shorted monopole as the feed mechanism. The cavity structure is realized by integrating PLA (Polylactic Acid) posts filled with liquid mercury, enabling dynamic beam steering capabilities. By selectively emptying sets of eleven consecutive PLA posts, the antenna achieves 360-degree scan coverage without any degradation in scanning efficiency. Furthermore, to enhance the antenna's directivity, cone structures are integrated at the upper and lower extremities of the cavity. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed antenna achieves complete 360-degree azimuth coverage with a directivity of 12 dBi. The proposed design is realizable and can be employed in various applications where beam steering is required such as communication and radar. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Scanning antennas

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AI-Based Wearable Sensing: A Technological Intervention to Physiological Monitoring and Early Detection of Pandemic Diseases

AI-Based Wearable Sensing: A Technological Intervention to P...

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2024 International Conference on Information and Communication technology for Development for Africa, ICT4DA 2024

作者： Tito, Stanley Leonard Banzi, Jamal F. Mbeya University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Mbeya Tanzania United Republic of Sokoine University of Agriculture Department of Informatics and Information Technology Morogoro Tanzania United Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527792

The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically left the world with a profound impact that will resonate for years to come. The devastating loss of lives, the dramatic decline in economic output, and the disruption of social interactions have all contributed to a sudden shift in our global landscape. Monitoring COVID-19 symptoms has become essential in controlling the spread of the virus and preventing hospitalizations. This paper presents an innovative solution that leverages advanced wearable technology integrated with cutting-edge artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to monitor biometric signals associated with the presence of COVID-19 and other pandemic diseases. For persistent monitoring, the system is designed to acquire biometric signals such as temperature, heart rate, and blood oxygen saturation from wearable devices, which are considered as input to the long short-term memory (LSTM) network. The model will then reconstruct the signals, process them, and predict the health status of the patient with respect to the COVID-19 pandemic. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of the system using two parameters i.e. temperature and heart rates. The system's performance was compared to a certified medical station, and both heart rate and temperature parameter tests obtained good correlation (R=0. 73 and R=0. 96 respectively). This indicates the feasibility of the proposed system in early prediction of the presence of COVID-19, representing a crucial step forward in our efforts to build a more resilient and prepared world to navigate the challenges posed by the ever-present threat of future epidemics and pandemics. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Heart

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Privacy-preserved learning from non-i.i.d data in fog-assisted IoT:A federated learning approach

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第2期10卷 404-415页

作者： Mohamed Abdel-Basset Hossam Hawash Nour Moustafa Imran Razzak Mohamed Abd Elfattah Faculty of Computers and Informatics Zagazig UniversityZagazigSharqiyah44519Egypt School of Engineering and Information Technology University of New South Wales@ADFACanberraACT2600Australia Deakin University Geelong Waurn Ponds CampusAustralia Computer Science Department Misr Higher Institute for Commerce and ComputersMansoura35511Egypt

With the prevalence of the Internet of Things(IoT)systems,smart cities comprise complex networks,including sensors,actuators,appliances,and cyber *** complexity and heterogeneity of smart cities have become vulnerable to sophisticated cyber-attacks,especially privacy-related attacks such as inference and data poisoning *** Learning(FL)has been regarded as a hopeful method to enable distributed learning with privacypreserved intelligence in IoT *** though the significance of developing privacy-preserving FL has drawn as a great research interest,the current research only concentrates on FL with independent identically distributed(i.i.d)data and few studies have addressed the non-i.i.d *** is known to be vulnerable to Generative Adversarial Network(GAN)attacks,where an adversary can presume to act as a contributor participating in the training process to acquire the private data of other *** paper proposes an innovative Privacy Protection-based Federated Deep Learning(PP-FDL)framework,which accomplishes data protection against privacy-related GAN attacks,along with high classification rates from non-i.i.d ***-FDL is designed to enable fog nodes to cooperate to train the FDL model in a way that ensures contributors have no access to the data of each other,where class probabilities are protected utilizing a private identifier generated for each *** PP-FDL framework is evaluated for image classification using simple convolutional networks which are trained using MNIST and CIFAR-10 *** empirical results have revealed that PF-DFL can achieve data protection and the framework outperforms the other three state-of-the-art models with 3%–8%as accuracy improvements.

关键词： Privacy preservation Federated learning Deep learning Fog computing Smart cities

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Distributed Optimization with Finite Bit Adaptive Quantization for Efficient Communication and Precision Enhancement 63

Distributed Optimization with Finite Bit Adaptive Quantizati...

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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, CDC 2024

作者： Rikos, Apostolos I. Jiang, Wei Charalambous, Themistoklis Johansson, Karl H. Artificial Intelligence Thrust of the Information Hub Guangzhou China The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Clear Water Bay Hong Kong Aalto University School of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation Espoo Finland University of Cyprus School of Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Nicosia1678 Cyprus Kth Royal Institute of Technology Division of Decision and Control Systems StockholmSE-100 44 Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

In realistic distributed optimization scenarios, individual nodes possess only partial information and communicate over bandwidth constrained channels. For this reason, the development of efficient distributed algorithms is essential. In our paper we addresses the challenge of unconstrained distributed optimization. In our scenario each node's local function exhibits strong convexity with Lipschitz continuous gradients. The exchange of information between nodes occurs through 3-bit bandwidth-limited channels (i.e., nodes exchange messages represented by a only 3 -bits). Our proposed algorithm respects the network's bandwidth constraints by leveraging zoom-in and zoom-out operations to adjust quantizer parameters dynamically. We show that during our algorithm's operation nodes are able to converge to the exact optimal solution. Furthermore, we show that our algorithm achieves a linear convergence rate to the optimal solution. We conclude the paper with simulations that highlight our algorithm's unique characteristics. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Bandwidth

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AI Integration in the IT Professional Workplace: A Scoping Review and Interview Study with Implications for Education and Professional Competencies 2024

AI Integration in the IT Professional Workplace: A Scoping R...

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29th Working Group Reports on Innovation and technology in computer Science Education, ITiCSE WGR 2024

作者： Clear, Tony Cajander, Åsa Clear, Alison Mcdermott, Roger Daniels, Mats Divitini, Monica Forshaw, Matthew Humble, Niklas Kasinidou, Maria Kleanthous, Styliani Kultur, Can Parvini, Ghazaleh Polash, Mohammad Zhu, Tingting Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Auckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand Department of Information Technology Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden School of Business Eastern Institute of Technology Auckland New Zealand School of Computing Robert Gordon University Aberdeen United Kingdom Dpt. of Computer Science Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway The Alan Turing Institute Newcastle Upon Tyne United Kingdom Open University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus The Open University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States Manning College of Information and Computer Sciences University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst United States School of Computer Science University of Sydney Sydney Australia Department of Geography Geomatics and Environment University of Toronto Mississauga Toronto Canada School of Computer Science Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798400712081

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) continues transforming workplaces globally, particularly within the Information technology (IT) industry, understanding its impact on IT professionals and computing curricula is crucial. This research builds on joint work from two countries, addressing concerns about AI's increasing influence in IT sector workplaces and its implications for tertiary education. The study focuses on AI technologies such as generative AI (GenAI) and large language models (LLMs). It examines how they are perceived and adopted and their effects on workplace dynamics, task allocation, and human-system interaction. IT professionals, noted as early adopters of AI, offer valuable insights into the interplay between AI and work engagement, highlighting the significant competencies required for digital workplaces. This study employs a dual-method approach, combining a systematic and multi-vocal literature review and qualitative research methods. These included a thematic analysis of a set of 47 interviews conducted between March and May of 2024 with IT professionals in two countries (New Zealand and Sweden). The research aimed to understand the implications for computing students, education curricula, and the assessment of emerging professional competencies. The literature review found insufficient evidence addressing comprehensive AI practice methodologies, highlighting the need to both develop and regulate professional competencies for effective AI integration. Key interview findings revealed diverse levels of GenAI adoption, ranging from individual experimentation to institutional integration. Participants generally expressed positive attitudes toward the technology and were actively pursuing self-learning despite some concerns. The themes emerging from the interviews included AI's role in augmenting human tasks, privacy and security concerns, productivity enhancements, legal and ethical challenges, and the evolving need for new competencies in the workplace.

关键词： artificial intelligence

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Fractional Linear Matroid Matching Is in Quasi-NC 32

Fractional Linear Matroid Matching Is in Quasi-NC

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32nd Annual European Symposium on Algorithms, ESA 2024

作者： Gurjar, Rohit Oki, Taihei Raj, Roshan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai India Department of Mathematical Informatics Graduate School of Information Science and Technology The University of Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783959773386

The matching and linear matroid intersection problems are solvable in quasi-NC, meaning that there exist deterministic algorithms that run in polylogarithmic time and use quasi-polynomially many parallel processors. However, such a parallel algorithm is unknown for linear matroid matching, which generalizes both of these problems. In this work, we propose a quasi-NC algorithm for fractional linear matroid matching, which is a relaxation of linear matroid matching and commonly generalizes fractional matching and linear matroid intersection. Our algorithm builds upon the connection of fractional matroid matching to non-commutative Edmonds' problem recently revealed by Oki and Soma (2023). As a corollary, we also solve black-box non-commutative Edmonds' problem with rank-two skew-symmetric coefficients. © Rohit Gurjar, Taihei Oki, and Roshan Raj;licensed under Creative Commons License CC-BY 4.0.

关键词： Parallel algorithms

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Early fire danger monitoring system in smart cities using optimization-based deep learning techniques with artificial intelligence

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Journal of Reliable Intelligent Environments 2024年第2期10卷 197-210页

作者： Reddy, P. Dileep Kumar Margala, Martin Shankar, S. Siva Chakrabarti, Prasun Telangana Secunderabad India School of Computing and Informatics University of Louisiana at Lafayette Lafayette United States Department of CSE KG Reddy College of Engineering and Technology Telangana Hyderabad501504 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sir Padampat Singhania University Rajasthan Udaipur313601 India

One primary safety concern for smart cities is fire. Traditional techniques are not appropriate because of their high false alarm rates, delayed characteristics, and susceptibility in situations with heritage buildings. Smart cities must develop sophisticated methods to mitigate the severe effects of fires and achieve early fire detection in real time. An artificial intelligence-based recurrent neural network with a whale optimization framework (AI-RNN-WO) was introduced to estimate the risk of fire hazards early on. IoT sensor devices are first deployed in smart cities to continuously monitor environmental parameters such as temperature, smoke, flame, relative humidity, fuel moisture, and duff moisture code. These sensed data are then saved in the cloud storage system Firebase. Then, the sensed dataset is updated to the designed model, which pre-processes the data and extracts relevant features from the dataset. The RNN parameters are tuned using whale optimization, which improves the prediction results and attains better accuracy. The performance of the proposed AI-RNN-WO model is validated using a MATLAB tool, and the performance is compared with existing models. The produced model has demonstrated its effectiveness by attaining the highest accuracy (99.5%) and lowest error rate (0.1%). © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Recurrent neural networks

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Improved Manta Ray Foraging Optimizer-based SVM for Feature Selection Problems:A Medical Case Study

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Journal of Bionic engineering 2024年第1期21卷 409-425页

作者： Adel Got Djaafar Zouache Abdelouahab Moussaoui Laith Abualigah Ahmed Alsayat Faculty of informatics University of Science and Technology Houari BoumedieneAlgiersAlgeria LRIA Laboratory University of Science and Technology Houari BoumedieneAlgiersAlgeria Computer Science Department University of Mohamed El Bachir El IbrahimiBordj Bou ArreridjAlgeria Computer Science Department University of Ferhat AbbasSetifAlgeria Computer Science Department Prince Hussein Bin Abdullah Faculty for Information TechnologyAl al-Bayt UniversityMafraq 25113Jordan Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesJouf UniversityJoufSaudi Arabia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American University13-5053ByblosLebanon Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al-Ahliyya Amman UniversityAmman 19328Jordan MEU Research Unit Middle East UniversityAmman 11831Jordan Applied science research center Applied science private universityAmman 11931Jordan School of Computer Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia11800 PenangMalaysia School of Engineering and Technology Sunway University Malaysia27500 Petaling JayaMalaysia

Support Vector Machine(SVM)has become one of the traditional machine learning algorithms the most used in prediction and classification ***,its behavior strongly depends on some parameters,making tuning these parameters a sensitive step to maintain a good *** the other hand,and as any other classifier,the performance of SVM is also affected by the input set of features used to build the learning model,which makes the selection of relevant features an important task not only to preserve a good classification accuracy but also to reduce the dimensionality of *** this paper,the MRFO+SVM algorithm is introduced by investigating the recent manta ray foraging optimizer to fine-tune the SVM parameters and identify the optimal feature subset *** proposed approach is validated and compared with four SVM-based algorithms over eight benchmarking ***,it is applied to a disease Covid-19 *** experimental results show the high ability of the proposed algorithm to find the appropriate SVM’s parameters,and its acceptable performance to deal with feature selection problem.

关键词： Support vector machine Parameters tuning Feature selection Bioinspired algorithms Manta ray foraging optimizer

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Drone-Based Public Surveillance Using 3D Point Clouds and Neuro-Fuzzy Classifier

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第3期82卷 4759-4776页

作者： Yawar Abbas Aisha Ahmed Alarfaj Ebtisam Abdullah Alabdulqader Asaad Algarni Ahmad Jalal Hui Liu Faculty of Computing and AI Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh12372Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyNorthern Border UniversityRafha91911Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of InformaticsKorea UniversitySeoul02841Republic of Korea Cognitive Systems Lab University of BremenBremen28359Germany

Human Activity Recognition(HAR)in drone-captured videos has become popular because of the interest in various fields such as video surveillance,sports analysis,and human-robot ***,recognizing actions from such videos poses the following challenges:variations of human motion,the complexity of backdrops,motion blurs,occlusions,and restricted camera *** research presents a human activity recognition system to address these challenges by working with drones’red-green-blue(RGB)*** first step in the proposed system involves partitioning videos into frames and then using bilateral filtering to improve the quality of object foregrounds while reducing background interference before converting from RGB to grayscale *** YOLO(You Only Look Once)algorithm detects and extracts humans from each frame,obtaining their skeletons for further *** joint angles,displacement and velocity,histogram of oriented gradients(HOG),3D points,and geodesic Distance are *** features are optimized using Quadratic Discriminant Analysis(QDA)and utilized in a Neuro-Fuzzy Classifier(NFC)for activity ***-world evaluations on the Drone-Action,Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)-Gesture,and Okutama-Action datasets substantiate the proposed system’s superiority in accuracy rates over existing *** particular,the system obtains recognition rates of 93%for drone action,97%for UAV gestures,and 81%for Okutama-action,demonstrating the system’s reliability and ability to learn human activity from drone videos.

关键词： Activity recognition geodesic distance pattern recognition neuro fuzzy classifier

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Optimizing NOMA Transmissions to Advance Federated Learning in Vehicular Networks

Optimizing NOMA Transmissions to Advance Federated Learning ...

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2024 IEEE Global Communications Conference, GLOBECOM 2024

作者： Chen, Ziru Ni, Zhou Guan, Peiyuan Wang, Lu Cai, Lin X. Hashemi, Morteza Li, Zongzhi Illinois Institute of Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Chicago United States University of Kansas Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Lawrence United States University of Oslo Department of Informatics Oslo Norway Illinois Institute of Technology Department of Civil Engineering Chicago United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351255

Diverse critical data, such as location information and driving patterns, can be collected by IoT devices in vehicular networks to improve driving experiences and road safety. However, drivers are often reluctant to share their data due to privacy concerns. The Federated Vehicular Network (FVN) is a promising technology that tackles these concerns by transmitting model parameters instead of raw data, thereby protecting the privacy of drivers. Nevertheless, the performance of Federated Learning (FL) in a vehicular network depends on the joining ratio, which is restricted by the limited available wireless resources. To address these challenges, this paper proposes to apply Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) to improve the joining ratio in a FVN. Specifically, a vehicle selection and transmission power control algorithm is developed to exploit the power domain differences in the received signal to ensure the maximum number of vehicles capable of joining the FVN. Our simulation results demonstrate that the proposed NOMA-based strategy increases the joining ratio and significantly enhances the performance of the FVN. Index Terms - Federated Vehicular Network, NOMA © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Data privacy

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