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Virtual healthcare services and digital health technologies deployed during coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic in South Africa:a systematic review

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Global Health Journal 2022年第2期6卷 102-113页

作者： Elliot Mbunge John Batani Goabaone Gaobotse Benhildah Muchemwa Department of Computer Science Faculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of EswatiniKwaluseniManziniEswatini Department of Information Technology Faculty of Accounting and InformaticsDurban University of TechnologySouth Africa Faculty of Engineering and Technology Botho UniversityLesotho Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Faculty of ScienceBotswana International University of Science and TechnologyBotswana

Aims:To identify virtual healthcare services and digital health technologies deployed in South Africa during coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and the challenges associated with their ***:To determine the status of digital health utilization during COVID-19 in South Africa,the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses model was used to perform a systematic and in-depth critical analysis of previously published studies in well-known and trusted online electronic databases using specific search keywords words that are relevant to this *** selected published peer-reviewed articles available from the onset of COVID-19 to July ***:Total of 24 articles were included into this *** study revealed that South Africa adopted digital technologies such as SMS-based solutions,mobile health applications,telemedicine and telehealth,WhatsApp-based systems,artificial intelligence and chatbots and robotics to provide healthcare services during COVID-19 *** innovative technologies have been used for various purposes including screening infectious and non-infectious diseases,disease surveillance and monitoring,medication and treatment compliance,creating awareness and *** study also revealed that teleconsultation and e-prescription,telelaboratory and telepharmacy,teleeducation and teletraining,teledermatology,teleradiology,telecardiology,teleophthalmology,teleneurology,telerehabilitation,teleoncology and telepsychiatry are among virtual healthcare services delivered through digital health technologies during COVID-19 in South ***,these smart digital health technologies face several impediments such as infrastructural and technological barriers,organization and financial barriers,policy and regulatory barriers as well as cultural ***:Although COVID-19 has invigorated the use of digital health technologies,there are still some *** outbreak of pandemics like COVID-19 in t

关键词： Digital health technology Virtual healthcare Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) Health systems South Africa

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Performance Evaluation of Multi-Contrast Dixon MRI and CT for Abdominal Fat and Muscle Segmentation Using a UNet CNN

Performance Evaluation of Multi-Contrast Dixon MRI and CT fo...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, BigData 2024

作者： Heller, Andrew Liu, Andrew Chang, Lin-Ching Cohen, Gregg Jones, Elizabeth C. Hsu, Li-Yueh National Institutes of Health Clinical Center BethesdaMD United States Catholic University of America Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science WashingtonDC United States New Jersey Institute of Technology Department of Informatics NewarkNJ United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362480

We evaluate the performance of a deep learning framework for segmenting abdominal fat and muscle using multi-contrast Dixon magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) images. We aim to compare MR image segmentation by testing Dixon fat-only, water-only, and combination of both types of images and comparing the results with CT images. Nineteen subjects underwent abdominal CT and Dixon MR imaging on the same day. For each participant, three pairs of matched axial images from both CT and MR were selected at the intervertebral levels of L2-L3, L3-L4, and L4-L5 for analysis. References labels were generated through semi-automated segmentation of subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue, and muscle areas. They were then used to train and evaluate a U-Net based Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) framework with a 3-fold cross-validation to compare the segmentation performance across CT, Dixon fat-only and water-only MR images. Combining the fat-only and water-only MR image inputs produced superior results in all labels. Our study demonstrates that CNN-based segmentation performance for abdominal fat and muscle improves with the inclusion of additional input channels, such as combining Dixon fat-only and water-only MR images. While CT results represent the gold standard in abdominal image segmentation, increasing the number of input image channels used in MR segmentation can approach, and even match, the results of CT. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Enhancing Intrusion Detection Systems Using RNN, LSTM, and Hybrid RNN-LSTM Models

Enhancing Intrusion Detection Systems Using RNN, LSTM, and H...

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Machine Learning and Autonomous Systems (ICMLAS), International Conference on

作者： Sahar Ebadinezhad Nooshin Nooraei Nia Nasratullah Shirzad Nwabueze Kenneth Osemeha Department of Computer Information Systems Computer Information Systems Research and Technology Center (CISRTC) Near East University Nicosia Turkey Artificial Intelligence Near East University Nicosia North Cyprus Software Engineering Department Near East University Nicosia North Cyprus

ISBN: (数字)9798331505745

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505752

Due to The lack of comparison studies and practical applications of RNN, LSTM, and hybrid RNN-LSTM models for intrusion detection systems, especially when managing class imbalances in complex network datasets, represents a gap in the literature. This study investigates the application of deep learning techniques to improve the detection capabilities of IDS. For this study, we applied and assessed Recurrent Neural Network, Long Short-Term Memory, and Hybrid RNN-LSTM models on a UNSW-NB15 dataset, and to redress class imbalance we trained and validated our models using synthetic minority over-sampling. The RNN-LSTM model was shown to perform the best with a 9 4. 0 0 % accuracy in comparison to other models. These experimental results signify the possibility of enhancing IDS performance and a dependable method of detecting various network intrusions with the use of hybrid models comprised of RNN & LSTM.

关键词： Deep learning Recurrent neural networks Accuracy Computational modeling Intrusion detection computer architecture Network security Hyperparameter optimization Network intrusion Long short term memory

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MAX CUT in Weighted Random Intersection Graphs and Discrepancy of Sparse Random Set Systems 32

MAX CUT in Weighted Random Intersection Graphs and Discrepan...

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32nd International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation, ISAAC 2021

作者： Nikoletseas, Sotiris Raptopoulos, Christoforos Spirakis, Paul Computer Engineering and Informatics Department University of Patras Greece Computer Technology Institute Patras Greece Computer Engineering and Informatics Department University of Patras Greece Department of Computer Science University of Liverpool United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783959772143

Let V be a set of n vertices, M a set of m labels, and let R be an m × n matrix of independent Bernoulli random variables with probability of success p;columns of R are incidence vectors of label sets assigned to vertices. A random instance G(V, E, RT R) of the weighted random intersection graph model is constructed by drawing an edge with weight equal to the number of common labels (namely [RT R]v,u) between any two vertices u, v for which this weight is strictly larger than 0. In this paper we study the average case analysis of Weighted Max Cut, assuming the input is a weighted random intersection graph, i.e. given G(V, E, RT R) we wish to find a partition of V into two sets so that the total weight of the edges having exactly one endpoint in each set is maximized. In particular, we initially prove that the weight of a maximum cut of G(V, E, RT R) is concentrated around its expected value, and then show that, when the number of labels is much smaller than the number of vertices (in particular, m = nα, α Θ(1)n), we show that with high probability, a majority type randomized algorithm outputs a cut with weight that is larger than the weight of a random cut by a multiplicative constant strictly larger than 1. Then, we formally prove a connection between the computational problem of finding a (weighted) maximum cut in G(V, E, RT R) and the problem of finding a 2-coloring that achieves minimum discrepancy for a set system Σ with incidence matrix R (i.e. minimum imbalance over all sets in Σ). We exploit this connection by proposing a (weak) bipartization algorithm for the case m = n, p = Θ(1)n that, when it terminates, its output can be used to find a 2-coloring with minimum discrepancy in a set system with incidence matrix R. In fact, with high probability, the latter 2-coloring corresponds to a bipartition with maximum cut-weight in G(V, E, RT R). Finally, we prove that our (weak) bipartization algorithm terminates in polynomial time, with high probability, at least w

关键词： Graph theory

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Exploring Children’s Strategies in Response to Robot’s Advice During a Group Task with iCub and Nao 16th

Exploring Children’s Strategies in Response to Robot’s A...

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16th International Conference on Social Robotics, ICSR + AI 2024

作者： Pusceddu, Giulia Sangineto, Mariapia Cocchella, Francesca Bogliolo, Michela Belgiovine, Giulia Lastrico, Linda Casadio, Maura Rea, Francesco Gena, Cristina Sciutti, Alessandra Robotics Brain and Cognitive Science Department Italian Institute of Technology Genoa Italy Department of Informatics Bioengineering Robotics and Systems Engineering University of Genoa Genoa Italy Department of Computer Science University of Turin Turin Italy Cognitive Architecture for Collaborative Technologies Unit Italian Institute of Technology Genoa Italy Scuola di Robotica Genoa Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9789819635184

This study investigates children’s trust in two humanoid robots, Nao and iCub, through a cooperative game designed to elicit spontaneous behaviors and group dynamics. We investigate whether participants change their choices after hearing advice from a robot, considering rounds where the advice is correct or incorrect, with the robot apologizing for its mistakes. Results reveal that, in most cases, participants prefer not to change their moves after the robot’s advice. Additionally, after the robots made mistakes, participants are less likely to actively follow their advice and more likely to reject it. No significant differences in strategies among the iCub and Nao samples are evidenced. Furthermore, we examine the influence of group dynamics, identifying "Proactive Players" who consistently initiated moves. A significant association between the strategies of this player and their teammates is found, suggesting potential influence. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Short-term multi-step-ahead sector-based traffic flow prediction based on the attention-enhanced graph convolutional LSTM network (AGC-LSTM)

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年 1-20页

作者： Zhang, Ying Xu, Shimin Zhang, Linghui Jiang, Weiwei Alam, Sameer Xue, Dabin College of General Aviation and Flight Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China State Key Laboratory of Air Traffic Management System Nanjing China College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China School of Information and Communication Engineering Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China Air Traffic Management Research Institute School of Mechanical & ampAerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong

Accurate sector-based air traffic flow predictions are essential for ensuring the safety and efficiency of the air traffic management (ATM) system. However, due to the inherent spatial and temporal dependencies of air traffic flow, it is still a challenging problem. To solve this problem, some methods are proposed considering the relationship between sectors, while the complicated spatiotemporal dynamics and interdependencies between traffic flow of route segments related to the sector are not taken into account. To address this challenge, the attention-enhanced graph convolutional long short-term memory network (AGC-LSTM) model is applied to improve the short-term sector-based traffic flow prediction, in which spatial structures of route segments related to the sector are considered for the first time. Specifically, the graph convolutional networks (GCN)-LSTM network model was employed to capture spatiotemporal dependencies of the flight data, and the attention mechanism is designed to concentrate on the informative features from key nodes at each layer of the AGC-LSTM model. The proposed model is evaluated through a case study of the typical enroute sector in the central–southern region of China. The prediction results show that MAE reduces by 14.4% compared to the best performing GCN-LSTM model among the other five models. Furthermore, the study involves comparative analyses to assess the influence of route segment range, input and output sequence lengths, and time granularities on prediction performance. This study helps air traffic managers predict flight situations more accurately and avoid implementing overly conservative or excessively aggressive flow management measures for the sectors. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Forecasting

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Generative AI, IoT, and blockchain in healthcare: application, issues, and solutions

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Discover Internet of Things 2025年第1期5卷 1-23页

作者： Mazhar, Tehseen khan, Sunawar Shahzad, Tariq khan, Muhammad Amir Saeed, Mamoon M. Awotunde, Joseph Bamidele Hamam, Habib School of Computer Science National College of Business Administration and Economics Lahore54000 Pakistan Department of Computer Science International Islamic University Islamabad44000 Pakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University Islamabad Sahiwal Campus Sahiwal57000 Pakistan School of Computing Sciences College of Computing Informatics and Mathematics Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor Shah Alam40450 Malaysia Sana’a Yemen Department of Computer Science Faculty of Communication and Information Sciences University of Ilorin Ilorin Nigeria Faculty of Engineering Uni de Moncton MonctonNBE1A3E9 Canada Department of Computer Science and Information Technology School Education Department Government of Punjab 31200 Layyah Pakistan School of Electrical Engineering University of Johannesburg Johannesburg2006 South Africa Av. Grandes Ecoles LibrevilleBP 1989 Gabon Bridges for Academic Excellence Spectrum Tunis Tunisia

This article discusses Blockchain and Generative AI in healthcare, including their uses, difficulties, and solutions. Blockchain technology improves EHR security, privacy, and interoperability, while smart contracts streamline supply chain management and administrative procedures. Blockchain verifies and secures IoT data, improving medical care and treatment, according to case studies. Generative AI systems like ChatGPT have transformed healthcare by personalizing therapy, diagnostics, and predictive analytics. AI systems can examine massive databases to diagnose diseases early, anticipate dangers, and personalize therapies. By providing timely information, boosting treatment adherence, and giving continuous support, AI-powered virtual health assistants have enhanced patient involvement. Generative AI has additionally enhanced medical research and drug development, cutting the time and expense of introducing new medicines. Generative AI and Blockchain provide safe patient data storage, high-quality AI training datasets, and efficient healthcare operations. Scalability, energy usage, and interoperability issues remain. Scalable Blockchain designs and standardized data integration and exchange protocols are suggested by this study. These technologies could improve medical research and therapy by making them safer, more effective, and more individualized. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Electronic health record

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DevSecOps: A Security Model for Infrastructure as Code over the Cloud 2

DevSecOps: A Security Model for Infrastructure as Code over ...

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2nd International Mobile, Intelligent, and Ubiquitous Computing Conference, MIUCC 2022

作者： Ibrahim, Amr Yousef, Ahmed H. Medhat, Walaa School of Information Technology and Computer Science Nile University Center of Informatics Science Nile University Cairo Egypt Ain Shams University Faculty of Engineering Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9781665466776

DevSecOps includes security practice while applying DevOps. DevSecOps help secure the whole DevOps process. This paper aims to define a DevSecOps module to be used by the infrastructure team while applying infrastructure as code. The proposed module solves the problem of security by including security practice with the DevOps cycle to reach DevSecOps. The module was tested to measure time effi-ciency. A small survey was created to test other DevSecOps metrics and enhance future work. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Codes Computational modeling Ubiquitous computing Time measurement Security

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Validation Of Wind Turbine Model Software Simulation Using Real Time Windspeed Measurements

Validation Of Wind Turbine Model Software Simulation Using R...

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International Conference on Electrical and Electronics engineering, ELECO

作者： Alexis Polycarpou Sotiris Shiacallis Nicholas Christofides Antonis Papadakis Theofilos Papadopoulos Oguzhan Ceylan Department of Electrical Computer Engineering and Informatics Frederick Research Center Frederick University Nicosia Cyprus T.P. Aeolian Dynamics Ltd Cyprus Kyamos Multiphysics Nicosia Cyprus Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Democritus University of Thrace Deparment of Management Information Systems Kadir Has University Istanbul Turkey

Based on the achievements regarding the 2020 targets, the Renewable Energy Directive established a new, higher target for 2030, reflecting a significant increase of interest for renewable energy sources (RES). As a result, various new software simulation packages, featuring models of RES, have been developed and being used in academia as well as in industry for research, educational or training purposes. In this paper Wind turbine (WT) characteristics and wind speed data obtained from a commissioned wind farm in cyprus are used to implement a simulation model in two different software programs featuring RES simulation capabilities. Power System computer Aided Design (PSCAD) is used to investigate the electrical power output of a WT model, and KYAMOS software is used to investigate the modelling of the blades, the resulting primary torque and the resulting rotor rotational speed. The investigation result novelty is the establishment of the ability of the proposed, under development, software program to satisfy the three required characteristics. Therefore, Deviation from measured values of the turbine characteristics is observed for both programs, user interface and blade modelling, and the potential of integrating results of one software into the other is investigated.

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Silent Speech Interfaces: Non-Invasive Neuromuscular Signal Processing for Assistive Communication

Silent Speech Interfaces: Non-Invasive Neuromuscular Signal ...

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AI in Cybersecurity (ICAIC), International Conference on

作者： Sallar Khan Khawaja Usman Ali Ali Raza Ali Qadri Maisam Rizvi School of Informatics and Cybersecurity Technological University Dublin Dublin Ireland Department of Computer Science & Information Technology Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology Karachi Pakistan

ISBN: (数字)9798331518882

ISBN: (纸本)9798331518899

Our research demonstrates a discrete speech system that empowers those afflicted with speech impairments to convey ideas by internally articulating words without producing audible sound. This method harnesses the minimal movements involved in articulation, making it less arduous than conventional vocalization, especially for individuals facing communication challenges. Silent Speech Interfaces (SSIs) form the foundation of our research, enabling the decoding of neuromuscular signals associated with internal speech articulation to facilitate non-invasive and effective communication for individuals with speech impairments. This research entails the utilization of a multi-electrode configuration to capture subtle, low-voltage electrical signals positioned on the surface area of the subject’s neck. These signals emerge as a consequence of neural activation within the speech articulator muscles, signifying the internal articulation of words within the oral cavity, accompanied by minimal physical movement. Subsequent to signal acquisition, a comprehensive analysis of the data is conducted using a biosensing board (Cyton), facilitated by the implementation of the OpenBCI GUI interface and visualization via Python plotting tools.

关键词： Training Vocabulary Accuracy Neuromuscular Speech recognition Speech enhancement Biosensors Artificial intelligence Usability Standards

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