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Efficient machine learning through evolving combined deep neural networks 20

Efficient machine learning through evolving combined deep ne...

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2020 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, GECCO 2020

作者： Krauss, Rune Merten, Marcel Bockholt, Mirco Froehlich, Saman Drechsler, Rolf Cyber-Physical Systems DFKI GmbH and Group of Computer Architecture University of Bremen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450371278

The usage of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) with a fixed topology is becoming more popular in daily life. However, there are problems where it is difficult to build an ANN manually. Therefore, genetic algorithms like NeuroEvolution of Augmented Topologies (NEAT) have been developed to find topologies and weights. The downside of NEAT is that it often generates inefficient large ANNs for different problems. In this paper, we introduce an approach called Turbo NEAT, which combines divide and conquer methods with NEAT to allow a symbiosis of specialised smaller ANNs. In addition, we optimise the weights of the ANNs through backpropagation in order to better compare the topologies. Experiments on several problems show that these approaches allow the handling of complex problems and lead to efficient ANNs. © 2020 Owner/Author.

关键词： Topology

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ALF: A fitness-based artificial life form for evolving large-scale neural networks 21

ALF: A fitness-based artificial life form for evolving large...

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2021 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, GECCO 2021

作者： Krauss, Rune Merten, Marcel Bockholt, Mirco Drechsler, Rolf Group of Computer Architecture University of Bremen Cyber-Physical Systems Dfki GmbH Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450383516

Topology and Weight Evolving Artificial Neural Network (TWEANN) is a concept to find the topology and weights of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) using genetic algorithms. However, a well-known downside is that TWEANN algorithms often evolve inefficient large ANNs for large-scale problems and require long runtimes. To address this issue, we propose a new TWEANN algorithm called Artificial Life Form (ALF) with the following technical advancements: (1) speciation via structural and semantic similarity to form better candidate solutions, (2) dynamic adaptation of the observed candidate solutions for better convergence properties, and (3) integration of solution quality into genetic reproduction to increase the probability of optimization success. Experiments on large-scale problems confirm that these approaches allow effective solving of these problems and lead to efficient evolved ANNs. © 2021 Owner/Author.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Verification-driven design across abstraction levels: A case study 18

Verification-driven design across abstraction levels: A case...

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18th Euromicro Conference on Digital System Design, DSD 2015

作者： Przigoda, Nils Stoppe, Jannis Seiter, Julia Wille, Robert Drechsler, Rolf Group for Computer Architecture University of Bremen Bremen28359 Germany Cyber-Physical Systems DFKI GmbH Bremen28359 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781467380355

For the development of complex systems-composed of hardware, software, or both-more and more high-level descriptions have been introduced over the past years. Starting from an informal specification, models of the system are created with the help of languages such as UML, SysML, or MARTE. Based on this model, an implementation is generated in a programming language such as C++, Java, etc. for software or SystemC, VHDL, etc. for hardware. Whereas various approaches for the verification of the single levels of abstraction exist, their application to a cross-level design flow is still to be considered. In this work, we evaluate this issue by providing a case study on a verification-driven design across abstraction levels. The results of this case study demonstrate the capabilities of existing methods as well as challenges and open issues to be addressed in future work. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Access control

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Reducing the depth of quantum circuits using additional circuit lines

Reducing the depth of quantum circuits using additional circ...

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5th International Conference on Reversible Computation, RC 2013

作者： Abdessaied, Nabila Wille, Robert Soeken, Mathias Drechsler, Rolf Institute of Computer Science University of Bremen Group of Computer Architecture D-28359 Bremen Germany Cyber-Physical Systems DFKI GmbH D-28359 Bremen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783642389856

The synthesis of Boolean functions, as they are found in many quantum algorithms, is usually conducted in two steps. First, the function is realized in terms of a reversible circuit followed by a mapping into a corresponding quantum realization. During this process, the number of lines and the quantum costs of the resulting circuits have mainly been considered as optimization objectives thus far. However, beyond that also the depth of a quantum circuit is vital. Although first synthesis approaches that consider depth have recently been introduced, the majority of design methods did not consider this metric. In this paper, we introduce an optimization approach aiming for the reduction of depth in the process of mapping a reversible circuit into a quantum circuit. For this purpose, we present an improved (local) mapping of single gates as well as a (global) optimization scheme considering the whole circuit. In both cases, we incorporate the idea of exploiting additional circuit lines which are used in order to split a chain of serial gates. Our optimization techniques enable a concurrent application of gates which significantly reduces the depth of the circuit. Experiments show that reductions of approx. 40% on average can be achieved when following this scheme. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Mapping

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Reversible circuits: Recent accomplishments and future challenges for an emerging technology (Invited paper) 1

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16th International Symposium on VLSI Design and Test, VDAT 2012

作者： Drechsler, Rolf Wille, Robert Institute of Computer Science University of Bremen Group of Computer Architecture D-28359 Bremen Germany Cyber-Physical Systems DFKI GmbH D-28359 Bremen Germany

ISBN: (数字)9783642314940

ISBN: (纸本)9783642314933

Reversible circuits build the basis for emerging technologies like quantum computation and have promising applications in domains like low power design. Hence, much progress in the development of design solutions for this kind of circuits has been made in the last decade. In this paper, we provide an overview on reversible circuits as well as their applications. We discuss recent accomplishments and, finally, have a look on future challenges in the design of circuits for this emerging technology. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Quantum computers

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Property checking of quantum circuits using quantum multiple-valued decision diagrams

Property checking of quantum circuits using quantum multiple...

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4th International Workshop on Reversible Computation, RC 2012

作者： Seiter, Julia Soeken, Mathias Wille, Robert Drechsler, Rolf Group of Computer Architecture Institute of Computer Science University of Bremen D-28359 Bremen Germany DFKI GmbH Cyber-Physical Systems D-28359 Bremen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783642363146

For the validation and verification of quantum circuits mainly techniques based on simulation are applied. Although lots of effort has been put into the improvement of these techniques, ensuring the correctness still requires an exhaustive consideration of all input vectors. As a result, these techniques are particularly insufficient to prove a circuit to be error free. As an alternative, we present a symbolic formal verification method that is based on Quantum Multiple-Valued Decision Diagrams (QMDDs), a data-structure allowing for a compact representation of quantum circuits. As a result, using QMDDs it is possible to check the correctness of a circuit without exhaustively considering all input patterns. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Timing circuits

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ASNet: Introducing Approximate Hardware to High-Level Synthesis of Neural Networks

ASNet: Introducing Approximate Hardware to High-Level Synthe...

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International Symposium on Multiple-Valued Logic

作者： Saman Froehlich Lucas Klemmer Daniel Große Rolf Drechsler DFKI GmbH and Group of Computer Architecture University of Bremen Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728154060

ISBN: (纸本)9781728154077

Approximate Computing is a design paradigm which makes use of error tolerance inherent to many applications in order to trade off accuracy for performance. One classic example for such an application is machine learning with Neural Networks (NNs). Recently, LeFlow, a High-Level Synthesis (HLS) flow for mapping Tensorflow NNs into hardware has been proposed. The main steps of LeFlow are to compile the Tensorflow models into the LLVM Intermediate Representation (IR), perform several transformations and feed the result into a HLS tool. In this work we take HLS-based NN synthesis one step further by integrating hardware approximation. To achieve this goal, we upgrade LeFlow such that (a) the user can specify hardware approximations, and (b) the user can analyze the impact of hardware approximation already at the SW level. Based on the exploration results which satisfy the NN quality expectations, we import the chosen approx. HW components into an extended version of the HLS tool to finally synthesize the NN to Verilog. The experimental evaluation demonstrates the advantages of our proposed ASNet for several NNs. Significant area reductions as well as improvements in operation frequency are achieved.

关键词： Artificial neural networks Tools Hardware design languages Generators Libraries Hardware Complexity theory

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Using πdDs in the design of reversible circuits (work-in-progress)

Using πdDs in the design of reversible circuits (work-in-pr...

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4th International Workshop on Reversible Computation, RC 2012

作者： Soeken, Mathias Wille, Robert Minato, Shin-Ichi Drechsler, Rolf Institute of Computer Science University of Bremen Group of Computer Architecture D-28359 Bremen Germany Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-0814 Japan DFKI GmbH Cyber-Physical Systems D-28359 Bremen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783642363146

With πDDs a data structure has recently been introduced that offers a compact representation for sets of permutations. Since reversible functions constitute permutations on the input assignments, they can naturally be expressed using this data structure. However, its potential has not been exploited so far. In this work-in-progress report, we present and discuss possible applications of πDDs within the design of reversible circuits including techniques for synthesis, debugging, and an efficient determination of the number of minimal circuits. We observed that πDDs inhibit the same space complexities as truth tables and, hence, do not superior existing design methods in many cases. However, they are advantageous when dealing with several functions or gates at once. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Data structures

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Generation and validation of frame conditions in formal models 1

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6th International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development, MODELSWARD 2018

作者： Niemann, Philipp Przigoda, Nils Wille, Robert Drechsler, Rolf Group for Computer Architecture University of Bremen Bremen Germany Cyber-Physical Systems DFKI GmbH Bremen Germany Siemens Mobility GmbH Braunschweig Germany Institute for Integrated Circuits Johannes Kepler University Linz Linz Austria

ISBN: (数字)9783030110307

ISBN: (纸本)9783030110291

Operation contracts are a popular description means in behavioral system modeling. Pre- and postconditions are used to describe the effects on model elements (such as attributes, links, etc.) that are enforced by an operation. However, it is usually not clearly stated what model elements may be affected by an operation call and what shall remain unchanged—although this information is essential in order to obtain a comprehensive description. A promising solution to this so-called frame problem is to define additional frame conditions. However, properly defining frame conditions which complete the model description in the intended way can be a non-trivial, tedious, and error-prone task. While in general there are several tools and methods for obtaining formal model descriptions and also a broad variety of approaches for the validation and verification of the generated models, corresponding methods for frame conditions have not received significant attention so far. In this work, we provide a comprehensive overview of recently proposed approaches that close this gap and support the designer in generating and validating frame conditions. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Artificial intelligence

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Clustering-Guided SMT($$\mathcal {L\!R\!A}$$ ) Learning 16th

Clustering-Guided SMT($$\mathcal {L\!R\!A}$$ ) Learning

引用

16th International Conference on Integrated Formal Methods, IFM 2020

作者： Meywerk, Tim Walter, Marcel Große, Daniel Drechsler, Rolf Research Group of Computer Architecture University of Bremen Bremen Germany Chair of Complex Systems Johannes Kepler University Linz Linz Austria Research Department for Cyber-Physical Systems DFKI GmbH Bremen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783030634605

In the SMT learning problem, the goal is to learn SMT constraints from real-world data. To improve the scalability of SMT learning, we present a novel approach called SHREC which uses hierarchical clustering to guide the search, thus reducing runtime. A designer can choose between higher quality (SHREC1) and lower runtime (SHREC2) according to their needs. Our experiments show a significant scalability improvement and only a negligible loss of accuracy compared to the current state-of-the-art. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Machine learning

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