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International Conference on Intelligent Transportation

作者： Kenan Ahmic Johannes Ultsch Jonathan Brembeck Darius Burschka Institute of System Dynamics and Control at the German Aerospace Center (DLR) Wessling Germany Chair of Robotics Artificial Intelligence and Embedded Systems Technical University of Munich (TUM) Munich Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798331505929

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505936

The longitudinal and lateral low-level motion control of multiple vehicles within a platoon is a challenging task, since several different control objectives need to be solved: (i) Each vehicle in the platoon needs to follow the reference path, (ii) the leading vehicle needs to drive with a desired reference velocity, and (iii) the following vehicles need to maintain a safe spacing distance to their respective preceding vehicle. Typically, several distinct controllers are developed for each task individually, which increases both the engineering effort as well as the susceptibility to errors. We address this issue and present a cooperative low-level vehicle motion controller based on Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) that is able to solve all of the above-mentioned control objectives for both the leading vehicle and the following vehicles. Therefore, we apply parameter sharing within MARL to update a single control policy in a centralized fashion using the experiences of all vehicles in the environment. Additionally, we utilize the concept of agent indication during the training process and enable the policy to specialize on the control objectives of the vehicle it is currently controlling. This leads to a unifying control approach and makes the development of further controllers redundant. The simulative assessment demonstrates the effectiveness of learned policy and shows that it is able to successfully solve all of the above-mentioned control objectives for both vehicles roles, even on unseen paths.

关键词： Training Process control Reinforcement learning Drives Vectors Robustness Collision avoidance Intelligent transportation systems

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Tracking gradients of artificial potential fields with non-holonomic mobile robots

Tracking gradients of artificial potential fields with non-h...

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American Control Conference (ACC)

作者： J. Guldner V.I. Utkin H. Hashimoto F. Harashima Institute for Robotics and System Dynamics DLR Wessling Germany Department of Electrical Engineering Ohio State Uinversity Columbus OH USA Institute of Industrial Science Tokyo University Minato Tokyo Japan

Artificial potential fields have enjoyed growing popularity for path planning and collision avoidance both of robot manipulators and mobile robots. Although many artificial potential fields have been proposed. Few works discuss suitable control for tracking the gradient of an artificial potential field. This deficit is surprising since good tracking control is vital for successful implementation of the artificial potential field method. This paper extends previous results of a sliding mode control strategy for fully actuated holonomic robots to gradient tracking of non-holonomic mobile robots.

关键词： Mobile robots Sliding mode control Wheels Service robots Manipulator dynamics Electrical equipment industry Path planning Collision avoidance Force control Torque control

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Application of nonlinear disturbance decoupling to active car steering

Application of nonlinear disturbance decoupling to active ca...

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1999 European Control Conference, ECC 1999

作者： Aneke, N.P.I. Ackermann, J. Bunte, T. Nijmeijer, H. Eindhoven University of Technology Faculty of Mechanical Engineering P.O. Box 513 Eindhoven5600 MB Netherlands DLR Oberpfaffenhofen Institute of Robotics and System Dynamics P.O. Box 1116 WesslingD-82230 Germany University of Twente Faculty of Mathematical Sciences P.O.Box 217 Enschede7500 AE Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9783952417355

A control design approach is presented for active steering of front wheel steered vehicles. The approach consists of the application of disturbance decoupling via state-derivative feedback. Simulations with the resulting controller show that the use of state-derivative information may considerably enhance vehicle safety, in particular under adverse operating conditions such as icy roads. © 1999 EUCA.

关键词： Vehicle safety

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Robust Stabilization of Car Steering dynamics

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1999年第2期32卷 3283-3288页

作者： Long Wang J. Ackermann Center for Systems and Control Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science Peking University Beijing 100871 Fax: +86-10-51881688 China Institute of Robotics and System Dynamics German Aerospace Research Center DLR-Oberpfaffenhofen D-82230 Wessling Germany

In this paper, by exploiting the intrinsic structure of system equations and uncertainties, we first establish a nonconservative PID stabilization criterion for driver support systems. We then show some interesting results on positivity and connections of PID controllers. Finally, some extreme point results on PID α-stabilization are obtained. These results give certain explanations and justifications for the simulation results performed at German Aerospace Research Center.

关键词： Robust Control Car Steering dynamics Parameter Space PID Controllers Stabilization Extreme Point Results

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An ACSL-model translator to the neutral Fortran DSblock-model format

An ACSL-model translator to the neutral Fortran DSblock-mode...

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IEEE International Symposium on Computer Aided Control system Design (CACSD)

作者： G. Grubel M. Otter F. Breitenecker A. Prinz G. Schuster I. Bausch-Gall H. Fischer Control Design Engineering Institute for Robotics and System Dynamics DLR-Oberpfaffenhofen Wessling Germany Simulation Engineering Group Institute for Technical Mathematics Vienna Technical University Vienna Austria Bausch-Gall GmbH Karlsruhe Germany

One problem in multidisciplinary simulation is to merge models which originate in different disciplinary environments into a common computer-executable model for computational experimenting. The paper reports on a possible solution thereof. This is based on a public-domain, application-neutral, formally defined Fortran or C format for dynamic input/output systems, called DSblock, to which "higher level" models can be translated. In particular, it is reported on A-CoSiLa, an ACSL model translator to the neutral DSblock format.< >

关键词： Object oriented modeling Computational modeling Computer simulation Runtime Design engineering Robots Electronic mail Mathematical model Physics computing Temperature control

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Structural invariants of generalized state space systems

Structural invariants of generalized state space systems

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American Control Conference (ACC)

作者： P. Misra P. Van Dooren A. Varga Electrical Engineering Wright State University Dayton OH USA Coordinated Science Labs University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign IL USA DLR-Oberpfaffenhofen Institute for Robotics and System Dynamics Wessling Germany

In this paper, we present a state space characterization of the transmission zeros of singular linear multivariable systems that is analogous to that of standard systems. We study the structural invariants of a generalized state space model described by the matrix 5-tuple (E, A, B, C, D), where E may be a singular matrix but det(A-/spl lambda/E)/spl ne/0. The characterization of these zeros is based on the system matrix of the corresponding 5-tuple and is an extension of equivalent results for state space models described by the 4-tuples (A, B, C, D).

关键词： State-space methods Polynomials Matrix decomposition MIMO Transfer functions Design methodology H infinity control Control system synthesis

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Development of Semi-Active Truck Suspension

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1997年第8期30卷 467-472页

作者： M. Valasek M. Babic Z. Sika L. Magdolen Department of Mechanics Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague CZ Institute for Robotics and System Dynamics German Aerospace Research Establishment DLR Wessling FRG Department of Technical Mechanics Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Slovak Technical University Bradslava SK

Within the EC project Copernicus SADTS (Semi-Active Damping of Truck’s Suspension and Its Influence on Driver and Road Loads) the semi-active suspension for Liaz truck prototype is being developed. The objective is to decrease the dynamic road-tyre forces in order to reduce the road damage. It was necessary to develop a suitable truck prototype, its simulation model, different control concepts and to implement the semi-active suspension. The paper describes the development stages and the so far achieved results. The full mathematical model was the basis for simplified models for control designs and served as a reference model for comparison of different control concepts. The spatial three dimensional simulation model has been developed and verified. The base model includes also the reference inputs of excitation and the different criteria for performance evaluation. The purpose of the model was to investigate the vertical dynamics though with the influence of antisymmetry of uneveness and lateral motion. A number of different control concepts have been considered. Possible suitable control concepts have been selected from existing classical as well as advanced control design methods. Also several within this project newly developed approaches have been added. There have been considered the control concepts of simple approaches (sky hook), classical approaches (LQR), multi-objective multi-parameter optimization (ΜΟΡΟ), fuzzy and neural networks, robust control design. The newly developed control concepts are ground-hook and combination sky/ground-hook, robust multi-objective optimization based on Taguchi approach, fuzzy control based on optimization, structural approach (separate control of frame and cabine suspension). The performance criteria for evaluation have been road forces, driver’s seat and load accelerations, robustness against change of parameters. The comparison has been done on the simulation model in SIMPACK program package connected with MAT-LAB/SIMULI

关键词： semi-active damping road-tyre force truck road friendliness

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An automatic procedure for force controller design

An automatic procedure for force controller design

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IEEE/ASME (AIM) International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics

作者： C. Natale R. Koeppe G. Hirzinger Prisma Laboratory Dipartimento di Inforniatica e Sistemistica Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Napoli Italy Institute of Robotics and System Dynamics German Aerospace Center DLR Wessling Germany

In this paper the problem of designing a force controller for industrial robots with a positional interface is addressed. An automatic design procedure to compute the structure and the parameters of the controller is devised, to provide a useful tool for rapid and robust setup of force control at industrial level. The synthesis of the force controller simply requires technology parameters provided by the robot manufacturer and a desired performance expressed in non-technical way by the user, typically a technician. The automated design algorithm will be described in detail and its effectiveness will be demonstrated on an industrial robot.

关键词： Force control Automatic control Service robots robotics and automation Industrial control Manufacturing industries Robot control Robust control Computer industry Algorithm design and analysis

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Solar Sails for Planetary Defense High-Energy Missions

Solar Sails for Planetary Defense High-Energy Missions

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2019 IEEE Aerospace Conference, AERO 2019

作者： Grundmann, Jan Thimo Bauer, Waldemar Borchers, Kai Dumont, Etienne Grimm, Christian D. Ho, Tra-Mi Jahnke, Rico Koch, Aaron D. Lange, Caroline Maiwald, Volker Mess, Jan-Gerd Mikulz, Eugen Quantius, Dominik Reershemius, Siebo Renger, Thomas Sasaki, Kaname Seefeldt, Patric Spietz, Peter Sprowitz, Tom Sznajder, MacIej Tóth, Norbert Ceriotti, Matteo McInnes, Colin Peloni, Alessandro Dachwald, Bernd Lichtenheldt, Roy Wolff, Friederike Boden, Ralf Riemann, Johannes Seboldt, Wolfgang Wejmo, Elisabet Ziach, Christian Cordero, Federico Biele, Jens Krause, Christian Herčik, David Koncz, Alexander Pelivan, Ivanka Schmitz, Nicole Mikschl, Tobias Montenegro, Sergio Ruffer, Michael Tardivel, Simon DLR German Aerospace Center Institute of Space Systems Robert-Hooke-Strasse 7 Bremen28359 Germany University of Glasgow GlasgowG12 8QQ United Kingdom Faculty of Aerospace Engineering FH Aachen Univ. of Applied Sciences Hohenstaufenallee 6 Aachen52064 Germany DLR German Aerospace Center Robotics and Mechatronics Center Institute of System Dynamics and Control Münchener Str. 20 Oberpfaffenhofen Weßling82234 Germany DLR Institute of Space Systems Germany Telespazio-VEGA Darmstadt Germany DLR German Aerospace Center Space Operations and Astronaut Training - MUSC Cologne51147 Germany Institute for Geophysics and Extraterrestrial Physics Technical University Braunschweig Braunschweig Germany DLR German Aerospace Center Institute of Planetary Research Rutherfordstr. 2 Berlin12489 Germany Informatik 8 Universität Würzburg Am Hubland Würzburg97074 Germany CNES Future Missions Flight Dynamics 18 avenue E. Belin Toulouse Cedex 931401 France

ISBN: (纸本)9781538668542

20 years after the successful ground deployment test of a (20 m)2 solar sail at dlr Cologne, and in the light of the upcoming U.S. NEAscout mission, we provide an overview of the progress made since in our mission and hardware design studies as well as the hardware built in the course of our solar sail technology development. We outline the most likely and most efficient routes to develop solar sails for useful missions in science and applications, based on our developed 'now-term' and near-term hardware as well as the many practical and managerial lessons learned from the dlr-ESTEC Gossamer Roadmap. Mission types directly applicable to planetary defense include single and Multiple NEA Rendezvous ((M)NR) for precursor, monitoring and follow-up scenarios as well as sail-propelled head-on retrograde kinetic impactors (RKI) for mitigation. Other mission types such as the Displaced L1 (DL1) space weather advance warning and monitoring or Solar Polar Orbiter (SPO) types demonstrate the capability of near-term solar sails to achieve asteroid rendezvous in any kind of orbit, from Earth-coorbital to extremely inclined and even retrograde orbits. Some of these mission types such as SPO, (M)NR and RKI include separable payloads. For one-way access to the asteroid surface, nanolanders like MASCOT are an ideal match for solar sails in micro-spacecraft format, i.e. in launch configurations compatible with ESPA and ASAP secondary payload platforms. Larger landers similar to the JAXA-dlr study of a Jupiter Trojan asteroid lander for the OKEANOS mission can shuttle from the sail to the asteroids visited and enable multiple NEA sample-return missions. The high impact velocities and re-try capability achieved by the RKI mission type on a final orbit identical to the target asteroid's but retrograde to its motion enables small spacecraft size impactors to carry sufficient kinetic energy for deflection. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Solar sails

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Towards a coordinated development of numerical CACSD software: the RASP/SLICOT compatibility concept

Towards a coordinated development of numerical CACSD softwar...

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IEEE International Symposium on Computer Aided Control system Design (CACSD)

作者： G. Grubel A. Varga A. van den Boom A.J. Geurts Control Design Engineering Institute for Robotics and System Dynamics DLR-Oberpfaffenhofen Wessling Germany Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhovan University of Technology Eindhoven Netherlands Department of Mathematics & Computer Science Eindhovan University of Technology Eindhoven Netherlands

The concept of mutual compatibility is introduced. It has arisen from the cooperation of the developers of the RASP and SLICOT libraries. With this concept it becomes feasible to coordinate the development of several libraries leading to a reduction of software implementation and testing efforts without giving up the identity of the separate libraries. A first development along the lines of the mutual compatibility concept is the recently developed model reduction library RASP-MODRED.< >

关键词： Software libraries MATLAB Data structures Software testing Mathematics Size control Lighting control Control design Design engineering Robot kinematics

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