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International Conference on data Engineering

作者： Wentao Zhang Yexin Wang Zhenbang You Yang Li Gang Cao Zhi Yang Bin Cui Center for Machine Learning Research Peking University Institute of Advanced Algorithms Research Shanghai National Engineering Labratory for Big Data Analytics and Applications Key Lab of High Confidence Software Technologies Peking University Department of Data Platform TEG Tencent Inc. Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence Institute of Computational Social Science Peking University Qingdao

ISBN: (数字)9798350317152

ISBN: (纸本)9798350317169

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved great success in various data mining tasks but they heavily rely on a large number of annotated nodes, requiring considerable human efforts. Despite the effectiveness of existing GNN-based Active learning (AL) methods, they assume that the annotated labels are always correct, which is contradictory to the error-prone labeling process in a practical crowdsourcing environment. Besides, due to this impractical assumption, existing works only focus on optimizing the node selection in AL but neglect optimizing the labeling process. Therefore, we present NC-ALG, the first GNN-based AL framework that optimizes both the node selection and node labeling process under a noisy crowd. For node selection, NC-ALG introduces a new measurement to model influence reliability and an effective influence maximization objective to select nodes. For node labeling, NC-ALG significantly reduces the labeling cost by considering the model-predicted labels and the labels of mirror nodes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to consider GNN-based AL under the practical noisy crowd. Empirical studies on public datasets demonstrate that NC-ALG significantly outperforms existing methods in terms labeling efficiency. Notably, it only takes NC-ALG one-third of the labeling budget that the competitive baseline GRAIN needs to achieve an accuracy of 70.7 % on PubMed.

关键词： Crowdsourcing Costs Noise Predictive models Graph neural networks Labeling Noise measurement

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A Deep Feedforward Neural Network and Shallow Architectures Effectiveness Comparison: Flight Delays Classification Perspective 21

A Deep Feedforward Neural Network and Shallow Architectures ...

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Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Advances in Artificial Intelligence

作者： Desmond Bala Bisandu Mohammed Salih Homaid irene Moulitsas Salvatore Filippone Department of Computational Engineering Sciences Cranfield University UK and Machine Learning and Data Analytics Laboratory Digital Aviation Research and Technology Centre (DARTeC) Cranfield University UK Department of Computational Engineering Sciences Cranfield University UK and Machine Learning and Data Analytics Laboratory Digital Aviation Research and Technology Centre(DARTeC) Cranfield University UK Department of Computational Engineering Sciences Cranfield University UK and Machine learning and data analytics laboratory digital aviation research and technology centre(DARTeC) Cranfield University UK Department of Civil and Computer Engineering Universita di Roma Italy and Department of Computational Engineering Sciences Cranfield Univeristy United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781450390699

Flight delays have negatively impacted the socio-economics state of passengers, airlines and airports, resulting in huge economic losses. Hence, it has become necessary to correctly predict their occurrences in decision-making because it is important for the effective management of the aviation industry. Developing accurate flight delays classification models depends mostly on the air transportation system complexity and the infrastructure available in airports, which may be a region-specific issue. However, no specific prediction or classification model can handle the individual characteristics of all airlines and airports at the same time. Hence, the need to further develop and compare predictive models for the aviation decision system of the future cannot be over-emphasised. In this research, flight on-time data records from the United State Bureau of Transportation Statistics was employed to evaluate the performances of Deep Feedforward Neural Network, Neural Network, and Support Vector machine models on a binary classification problem. The research revealed that the models achieved different accuracies of flight delay classifications. The Support Vector machine had the worst average accuracy than Neural Network and Deep Feedforward Neural Network in the initial experiment. The Deep Feedforward Neural Network outperformed Support Vector machines and Neural Network with the best average percentage accuracies. Going further to investigate the Deep Feedforward Neural Network architecture on different parameters against itself suggest that training a Deep Feedforward Neural Network algorithm, regardless of data training size, the classification accuracy peaks. We examine which number of epochs works best in our flight delay classification settings for the Deep Feedforward Neural Network. Our experiment results demonstrate that having many epochs affects the convergence rate of the model; unlike when hidden layers are increased, it does not ensure better or higher ac

关键词： deep learning Support Vector machine flight delays Classification deep neural network

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FewSOME: One-Class Few Shot Anomaly Detection with Siamese Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Belton, Niamh Hagos, Misgina Tsighe Lawlor, Aonghus Curran, Kathleen M. Science Foundation Ireland Centre for Research Training in Machine Learning Ireland School of Medicine University College Dublin Ireland School of Computer Science University College Dublin Ireland Insight Centre for Data Analytics University College Dublin Dublin Ireland

Recent Anomaly Detection techniques have progressed the field considerably but at the cost of increasingly complex training pipelines. Such techniques require large amounts of training data, resulting in computationally expensive algorithms that are unsuitable for settings where only a small amount of normal samples are available for training. We propose ‘Few Shot anOMaly dEtection’ (FewSOME), a deep One-Class Anomaly Detection algorithm with the ability to accurately detect anomalies having trained on ‘few’ examples of the normal class and no examples of the anomalous class. We describe FewSOME to be of low complexity given its low data requirement and short training time. FewSOME is aided by pretrained weights with an architecture based on Siamese Networks. By means of an ablation study, we demonstrate how our proposed loss, ‘Stop Loss’, improves the robustness of FewSOME. Our experiments demonstrate that FewSOME performs at state-of-the-art level on benchmark datasets MNIST, CIFAR-10, F-MNIST and MVTec AD while training on only 30 normal samples, a minute fraction of the data that existing methods are trained on. Moreover, our experiments show FewSOME to be robust to contaminated datasets. We also report F1 score and balanced accuracy in addition to AUC as a benchmark for future techniques to be compared against. Code available;https://***/niamhbelton/FewSOME. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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Computational Approach for Respiratory Pressure Parameters in Neonatal Ventilation 24

Computational Approach for Respiratory Pressure Parameters i...

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24th IEEE International Conference of Young Professionals in Electron Devices and Materials, EDM 2023

作者： Lipchak, Daria Chupov, Aleksey Dolganov, Anton Zhdanov, Aleksei Jt. Stock Co. Prod. Association Urals Optical and Mechanical Plant Named after Mr. E. S. Yalamov Medical Devices R and D Bureau Yekaterinburg Russia Engineering School of Information Technologies Telecommunications and Control Systems Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin Yekaterinburg Russia University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Machine Learning and Data Analytics Lab Erlangen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350336870

In the context of mechanical ventilation, the accurate calculation of secondary pressure parameters is essential for clinicians to effectively assess a patient's clinical condition. In the case of neonatal resuscitation with the T-piece, both the inspiratory and expiratory triggers are manually operated. The device provides a constant flow at the initiation of inspiration and reduces the flow to limit output pressure according to the set peak inspiratory pressure. However, without an algorithmic classification of the inspiration and expiration pressure, data analysis may only be performed postfactum. To address the need for the separate trend analysis of PIP and PEEP in non-invasive mechanical ventilation with a T-piece, there is a requirement to develop and implement an accurate algorithm for respiratory pressure parameters calculation. In this study, we review the current state-of-the-art methods for the calculation of respiratory pressure parameters for non-invasive mechanical ventilation with a T-piece. We then present the development and implementation of an algorithm for respiratory pressure parameters calculation and discuss the results of the analysis. This algorithm is designed to provide accurate and reliable measurements of PIP and PEEP in neonatal resuscitation with the T-piece, allowing clinicians to more effectively monitor and assess a patient's clinical condition during mechanical ventilation. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm in accurately calculating PIP and PEEP values, providing valuable insights into the patient's respiratory mechanics and helping to inform clinical decision-making. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Resuscitation

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machine learning approach for feature interpretation and classification of genetic mutations leading to tumor and cancer 1st

Machine learning approach for feature interpretation and cla...

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1st International Conference on Advances in Electrical and Computer Technologies, ICAECT 2019

作者： Sah, Ankit Kumar Mishra, Abinash Reddy, U. Srinivasulu Machine Learning and Data Analytics Lab Department of Computer Applications National Institute of Technology TiruchirappalliTamil Nadu620015 India

ISBN: (纸本)9789811555572

As the interpretation of genetic mutation is done manually, it is difficult to diagnose a large number of patients and get reports of the same in a quick time. Hence, it needs to be automated using machine learning approach. Towards the same, natural language processing (NLP) technique, viz. term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF), is used to represent documents as fixed-size depiction for interpreting the given nine classes of genetic mutations. The main aim of this study is to identify the well-suited machine learning model which will give better results in terms of multi-class log-loss. Another important aspect of this study is to interpret the features since feature interpretability is very important in healthcare domain using various machine learning algorithms. Logistic regression (LR) with class balancing was implemented by taking top 1000 words of 3-gram TF-IDF generated features that outperformed the other classifiers to give a test log-loss of 0.98. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd 2020.

关键词： machine learning

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A Privacy-Preserving Framework for Collaborative machine learning with Kernel Methods

A Privacy-Preserving Framework for Collaborative Machine Lea...

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IEEE International Conference on Trust, Privacy and Security in Intelligent Systems and Applications (TPS-ISA)

作者： Anika Hannemann Ali Burak Ünal Arjhun Swaminathan Erik Buchmann Mete Akgün Dept. of Computer Science Leipzig University Center for Scalable Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence (ScaDS.AI) Dresden/Leipzig Germany Medical Data Privacy and Privacy-preserving Machine Learning (MDPPML) University of Tübingen Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics (IBMI) University of Tübingen Germany

It is challenging to implement Kernel methods, if the data sources are distributed and cannot be joined at a trusted third party for privacy reasons. It is even more challenging, if the use case rules out privacy-preserving approaches that introduce noise or entail significant computational overhead. An example for such a use case is machine learning on clinical data. To realize exact and efficient privacy preserving computation of kernel methods, we propose FLAKE, a Framework for learning with Anonymized KErnels on horizontally distributed data. With our method, the data sources mask their data so that a Gram matrix can be computed without compromising privacy or utility. The Gram matrix allows to calculate many kernel matrices, which can be used to train kernel-based machine learning algorithms such as Support Vector machines. We prove that our framework prevents an adversary from learning the input data or the number of input features under a semi-honest threat model. The conducted experiments on clinical, genomic, and image data provide confirmation that our approach is applicable across a wide range of settings. Additionally, our method outperforms comparable approaches in both computational efficiency and accuracy. Thus, FLAKE is a lightweight, applicable approach suitable for various use cases.

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Retrieval of sun-induced plant fluorescence in the O2-A absorption band from DESIS imagery

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Buffat, Jim Pato, Miguel Alonso, Kevin Auer, Stefan Carmona, Emiliano Maier, Stefan Müller, Rupert Rademske, Patrick Rascher, Uwe Scharr, Hanno Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-2: Plant Sciences Jülich Germany Oberpfaffenhofen Germany Largo Galileo Galilei Frascati00044 Italy Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Institute of Advanced Simulations IAS-8: Data Analytics and Machine Learning Jülich Germany

We provide the first method allowing to retrieve spaceborne SIF maps at 30 m ground resolution with a strong correlation (r2 = 0.6) to high-quality airborne estimates of sun-induced fluorescence (SIF). SIF estimates can provide explanatory information for many tasks related to agricultural management and physiological studies. While SIF products from airborne platforms are accurate and spatially well resolved, the data acquisition of such products remains science-oriented and limited to temporally constrained campaigns. Spaceborne SIF products on the other hand are available globally with often sufficient revisit times. However, the spatial resolution of spaceborne SIF products is too small for agricultural applications. In view of ESA’s upcoming FLEX mission we develop a method for SIF retrieval in the O2-A band of hyperspectral DESIS imagery to provide first insights for spaceborne SIF retrieval at high spatial resolution. To this end, we train a simulation-based self-supervised network with a novel perturbation based regularizer and test performance improvements under additional supervised regularization of atmospheric variable prediction. In a validation study with corresponding HyPlant derived SIF estimates at 740 nm we find that our model reaches a mean absolute difference of 0.78 mW nm−1 sr−1 m−2 © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Physiological models

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DISCO: Internal Evaluation of Density-Based Clustering

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Beer, Anna Krieger, Lena Weber, Pascal Ritzert, Martin Assent, Ira Plant, Claudia Faculty of Computer Science University of Vienna Vienna Austria IAS-8: Data Analytics and Machine Learning Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich Germany UniVie Doctoral School Computer Science University of Vienna Vienna Austria Data Science @ Uni Vienna University of Vienna Vienna Austria Institute of Computer Science and Campus Institute Data Science University of Göttingen Göttingen Germany Department of Computer Science Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark

In density-based clustering, clusters are areas of high object density separated by lower object density areas. This notion supports arbitrarily shaped clusters and automatic detection of noise points that do not belong to any cluster. However, it is challenging to adequately evaluate the quality of density-based clustering results. Even though some existing cluster validity indices (CVIs) target arbitrarily shaped clusters, none of them captures the quality of the labeled noise. In this paper, we propose DISCO, a Density-based Internal Score for Clustering Outcomes, which is the first CVI that also evaluates the quality of noise labels. DISCO reliably evaluates density-based clusters of arbitrary shape by assessing compactness and separation. It also introduces a direct assessment of noise labels for any given clustering. Our experiments show that DISCO evaluates density-based clusterings more consistently than its competitors. It is additionally the first method to evaluate the complete labeling of density-based clustering methods, including noise labels. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Cluster analysis

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Design and Implementation of a data Governance Framework and Platform: A Case Study of a National Research Organization of Thailand

Design and Implementation of a Data Governance Framework and...

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International Joint Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering (JCSSE)

作者： Sapa Chanyachatchawan Krich Nasingkun Patipat Tumsangthong Porntiwa Chata Marut Buranarach Monsak Socharoentum Leveraging Technology Solutions Section National Electronics and Computer Technology Center Bangkok Thailand Strategic Analytics Networks with Machine Learning and AI Research National Electronics and Computer Technology Center Bangkok Thailand Data Science and Analytics Research Group National Electronics and Computer Technology Center Bangkok Thailand Digital Government Development Agency Bangkok Thailand

In the current era of extensive data usage across industries, data collection, preservation, utilization, and organization has become more challenging and nuanced because it is necessary to consider critical concerns such as data security, privacy, and legal issues, apart from efficiency issues. As a result, Thai government initiated the idea and effort to implement data governance throughout the government agency. This paper showcases the implementation of data governance in a governmental research organization with highly diverse structured and unstructured data. The implementation follows international standards and the guidelines of the Digital Government Development Agency (DGA). The executives set up the working body, including the data Governance Council and data Stewards, responsible for setting up and deploying policies and regulations. Creating awareness and the necessary infrastructure are the main focuses in the first-year phase. The metadata was designed to extend DGA's version and match the organization's unique requirements. A data catalog platform was developed accordingly. We organized activities to boost employee awareness and participation, including advertising and data catalog platform training. By the end of the first year of implementation, every organization unit had registered at least one data record into the data catalog.

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A Smart Electronic Wheelchair Design Using Artificial Intelligence and Intelligent Sensors Association 2

A Smart Electronic Wheelchair Design Using Artificial Intell...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Intelligent and Innovative Technologies in Computing, Electrical and Electronics, ICIITCEE 2024

作者： Balamurugan, R. Kanchana, D. Anni Princy, B. Jaisudha, J. Malathi, P. Glory, E. Ajk College of Arts and Science Department of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Tamil Nadu Coimbatore India Srm Institute of Science and Technology Department of Computer Applications Tamil Nadu Chennai India Panimalar Engineering College Department of Computer and Communication Engineering Tamil Nadu Chennai India Prince Shri Venkateshwara Padmavathy Engineering College Department of Ece Tamil Nadu Chennai India Simats Saveetha College of Liberal Arts and Sciences Department of Data Analytics Tamil Nadu Chennai India Simats Department of Biosciences Saveetha School of Engineering Tamil Nadu Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350306415

Since the beginning of the seventeenth century, wheelchairs have been used to transport hospital patients and those with mobility impairments. The power of people is what spreads wheelchairs. Wheelchair users propel themselves forward using their upper bodies or, more commonly, require the assistance of another person to propel them. In this work, we examine how to build an autonomous electric wheelchair for the disabled at the lowest possible cost without sacrificing quality of design or control. This research presents the planning and development of an AI-enhanced electric wheelchair that can be controlled automatically to climb stairs, making it accessible to those with mobility impairments. The chair's controls allow the user to move it in any direction and raise the landing and staircases to varying heights. The chair's DC power source (battery used) may be recharged, allowing it to function for an extended period of time. In addition, a safety system was created that monitors and provides feedback on the user's pulse rate, as well as the wheelchair's functioning state (including acceleration, climate, and inclination position). This proposed AI based Wheelchair (AIWC) design is suitable for any aged people and the proposed model is cross-validated with the conventional wheelchair design using mobile based operations handling system called Mobile-Wheelchair (MWC) to test the efficiency of the proposed design in clear manner. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Accelerator AI Artificial Intelligence Batteries DC Power Intelligent Sensors Mobile-Wheelchair MWC Wheelchair

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