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International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)

作者： Pan Du Suyun Zhao Zisen Sheng Cuiping Li Hong Chen Key Lab of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering of MOE Renmin University of China Renmin University of China Beijing China

Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) under class distribution mismatch aims to tackle a challenging problem wherein unlabeled data contain lots of unknown categories unseen in the labeled ones. In such mismatch scenarios, traditional SSL suffers severe performance damage due to the harmful invasion of the instances with unknown categories into the target classifier. In this study, by strict mathematical reasoning, we reveal that the SSL error under class distribution mismatch is composed of pseudo-labeling error and invasion error, both of which jointly bound the SSL population risk. To alleviate the SSL error, we propose a robust SSL framework called Weight-Aware Distillation (WAD) that, by weights, selectively transfers knowledge beneficial to the target task from unsupervised contrastive representation to the target classifier. Specifically, WAD captures adaptive weights and high-quality pseudo-labels to target instances by exploring point mutual information (PMI) in representation space to maximize the role of unlabeled data and filter unknown categories. Theoretically, we prove that WAD has a tight upper bound of population risk under class distribution mismatch. Experimentally, extensive results demonstrate that WAD outperforms five state-of-the-art SSL approaches and one standard baseline on two benchmark datasets, CIFAR10 and CIFAR100, and an artificial cross-dataset. The code is available at https://***/RUC-DWBI-ML/research/tree/main/WAD-master.

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The Role of Depth, Width, and Tree Size in Expressiveness of Deep Forest 27

The Role of Depth, Width, and Tree Size in Expressiveness of...

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27th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, ECAI 2024

作者： Lyu, Shen-Huan Wu, Jin-Hui Zheng, Qin-Cheng Ye, Baoliu Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology of Ministry of Water Resources Hohai University China College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Hohai University China National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University China School of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University China

ISBN: (纸本)9781643685489

Random forests are classical ensemble algorithms that construct multiple randomized decision trees and aggregate their predictions using naive averaging. Zhou and Feng [51] further propose a deep forest algorithm with multi-layer forests, which outperforms random forests in various tasks. The performance of deep forests is related to three hyperparameters in practice: depth, width, and tree size, but little has been known about its theoretical explanation. This work provides the first upper and lower bounds on the approximation complexity of deep forests concerning the three hyperparameters. Our results confirm the distinctive role of depth, which can exponentially enhance the expressiveness of deep forests compared with width and tree size. Experiments validate these theoretical findings. The detailed proof and code are available in the full version [31]. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Random forests

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Influencing Factors of Healthy Aging Risk Assessed Using Biomarkers:A Life Course Perspective

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China CDC weekly 2024年第11期6卷 219-224,I0014-I0017页

作者： Cedric Zhang Bo Lua Yajie Gao Jinming Li Xingqi Cao Xinwei Lyu Yinuo Tu Shuyi Jin Zuyun Liu Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Healththe Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou CityZhejiang ProvinceChina Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care University College LondonLondonUK College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou CityZhejiang ProvinceChina

Assessing individual risks of healthy aging using biomarkers and identifying associated factors have become important areas of *** this study,we conducted a literature review of relevant publications between 2018 and 2023 in both Chinese and English *** studies have predominantly used single biomarkers,such as C-reactive protein,or focused on specific life course stages and factors such as socioeconomic status,mental health,educational levels,and unhealthy *** summarizing the progress in this field,our study provides valuable insights and future directions for promoting healthy aging from a life course perspective.

关键词： such insight directions

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CARDnet: A denoiser based on contrast-aware and residual-dense block 19th

CARDnet: A denoiser based on contrast-aware and residual-den...

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19th Chinese Intelligent Systems Conference, CISC 2023

作者： Cai, Qiang Cao, Ying Wang, Chen Li, Haisheng Ma, Mengxu School of Computer Science and Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing100048 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety Beijing100048 China National Engineering Laboratory for Agri-Product Quality Traceability Beijing100048 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819968817

In recent years, deep convolutional neural networks have shown good performance on images with spatially invariant noise, but their performance is limited on real-world noisy images. In order to improve the practicality of denoising algorithms, this paper proposes a simple one-stage blind real image denoising network with a modular structure, which combines the local modeling capability of residual dense convolutional layers with the global modeling capability of spatial and channel attention blocks and inserts them as the main building blocks into widely used encoder–decoder architectures to achieve end-to-end denoising. To preserve image structure information as much as possible during the denoising process, this paper uses different lengths of residuals between different modules to mitigate the flow of low-frequency information, and applies Contrast-Aware channel attention to enhance the dependency relationship of channel activation. Furthermore, this paper evaluates state-of-the-art algorithms on different noise datasets using quantitative metrics and visual quality, experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.

关键词： Convolution

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Utilizing Sub-Topic Units for Patent Prior-Art Search

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2025年第3期23卷 480-483页

作者： Dong Zhou Jianxun Liu Sanrong Zhang Key Laboratory of Knowledge Processing and Networked Manufacturing & School of Computer Science and Engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan Hunan China

One of the defining challenges in patent prior-art search is the problem of representing a long, technical document as a query. Previously work on this problem has concentrated on single query representations of the patent application. In the following paper, we describe an approach which uses multiple query representations generated from semantically coherent passages extracted from patent documents. We validate our technique in an experiment using the CLEF-IP 2011 patent search collection. Our system achieves statistically significant improvements over various state-of-art query generation techniques.

关键词： Patents Search problems Information filters

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Efficient Homomorphic Approximation of Max Pooling for Privacy-Preserving Deep Learning 6th

Efficient Homomorphic Approximation of Max Pooling for Pri...

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6th International Conference on Machine Learning for Cyber Security, ML4CS 2024

作者： Zhang, Peng Qiu, Dongyan Duan, Ao Liu, Hongwei The Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing College of Electronics and Information Engineering Shenzhen University Guangdong Shenzhen518060 China College of Big Data and Internet Shenzhen Technology University Guangdong Shenzhen518118 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819645657

Privacy-Preserving Deep Learning (PPDL) using Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) addresses potential data privacy exposure risks associated with deploying deep learning models in untrusted cloud environments. FHE-based PPDL enables users to encrypt their data locally, allowing cloud service providers to perform computations directly on the encrypted data without ever accessing it. However, FHE faces challenges in efficiently handling nonlinear computations, which are essential to deep learning frameworks, particularly in implementing activation functions and max pooling layers. To address this challenge, we improve the homomorphic max pooling approximation scheme HMaxPool, and propose an efficient homomorphic max pooling algorithm, denoted as HMaxPool+. Specifically, we first redefine the approximation of the maximum function, and then design sub-algorithm to address the potential output expansion issue. The experimental results validate that both the homomorphic max pooling algorithm itself and the corresponding homomorphic SqueezeNet neural network demonstrate enhancements in computational efficiency and accuracy. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Differential privacy

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Confidence-aware Contrastive Learning for Selective Classification 41

Confidence-aware Contrastive Learning for Selective Classifi...

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41st International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2024

作者： Wu, Yu-Chang Lyu, Shen-Huan Shang, Haopu Wang, Xiangyu Qian, Chao National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University China School of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University China Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology Ministry of Water Resources Hohai University China College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Hohai University China

Selective classification enables models to make predictions only when they are sufficiently confident, aiming to enhance safety and reliability, which is important in high-stakes scenarios. Previous methods mainly use deep neural networks and focus on modifying the architecture of classification layers to enable the model to estimate the confidence of its prediction. This work provides a generalization bound for selective classification, disclosing that optimizing feature layers helps improve the performance of selective classification. Inspired by this theory, we propose to explicitly improve the selective classification model at the feature level for the first time, leading to a novel Confidence-aware Contrastive Learning method for Selective Classification, CCL-SC, which similarizes the features of homogeneous instances and differentiates the features of heterogeneous instances, with the strength controlled by the model's confidence. The experimental results on typical datasets, i.e., CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, CelebA, and ImageNet, show that CCL-SC achieves significantly lower selective risk than state-of-the-art methods, across almost all coverage degrees. Moreover, it can be combined with existing methods to bring further improvement. Copyright 2024 by the author(s)

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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ReconBoost: Boosting Can Achieve Modality Reconcilement 41

ReconBoost: Boosting Can Achieve Modality Reconcilement

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41st International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2024

作者： Hua, Cong Xu, Qianqian Bao, Shilong Yang, Zhiyong Huang, Qingming Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

This paper explores a novel multi-modal alternating learning paradigm pursuing a reconciliation between the exploitation of uni-modal features and the exploration of cross-modal interactions. This is motivated by the fact that current paradigms of multi-modal learning tend to explore multi-modal features simultaneously. The resulting gradient prohibits further exploitation of the features in the weak modality, leading to modality competition, where the dominant modality overpowers the learning process. To address this issue, we study the modality-alternating learning paradigm to achieve reconcilement. Specifically, we propose a new method called ReconBoost to update a fixed modality each time. Herein, the learning objective is dynamically adjusted with a reconcilement regularization against competition with the historical models. By choosing a KL-based reconcilement, we show that the proposed method resembles Friedman's Gradient-Boosting (GB) algorithm, where the updated learner can correct errors made by others and help enhance the overall performance. The major difference with the classic GB is that we only preserve the newest model for each modality to avoid overfitting caused by ensembling strong learners. Furthermore, we propose a memory consolidation scheme and a global rectification scheme to make this strategy more effective. Experiments over six multi-modal benchmarks speak to the efficacy of the method. We release the code at https://***/huacong/ReconBoost. Copyright 2024 by the author(s)

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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A Fine-Grained Anomaly Detection Method Fusing Isolation Forest and knowledge Graph Reasoning 19th

A Fine-Grained Anomaly Detection Method Fusing Isolation For...

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19th International Conference on Web Information Systems and Applications, WISA 2022

作者： Xu, Jie Zhou, Jiantao College of Computer Science Engineering Research Center of Ecological Big Data Ministry of Education National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Mongolian Intelligent Information Processing Technology Inner Mongolia Cloud Computing and Service Software Engineering Laboratory Inner Mongolia Social Computing and Data Processing Key Laboratory Inner Mongolia Discipline Inspection and Supervision Big Data Key Laboratory Inner Mongolia Big Data Analysis Technology Engineering Laboratory Inner Mongolia University Hohhot China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031203084

Anomaly detection aims to find outliers data that do not conform to expected behaviors in a specific scenario, which is indispensable and critical in current safety environments related studies. However, when performing outlier detection on a large-scale multidimensional dataset, most of the traditional methods make no distinctions between classes of outliers and lack the reasoning ability and the explainability of the analysis results, which leads to the low accuracy of global outlier detection and the inability to effectively identify local outliers. In this paper, we propose a fine-grained anomaly detection method which well utilizes isolation forest and knowledge graph reasoning tactics. First, a better extracting data feature method and a more reasonable weighted strategy are used to find global outliers based on the traditional isolation forest algorithm, and then we construct a custom rule base according to the in-depth research and analysis of global abnormal data, and at last the ontology knowledge is reasoned based on such rule base to achieve the detection of local outliers. Through analysis of extensive experiment results, our method could effectively discover more abnormal data without big loss of time costs, has strong generalization, and correspondingly improves the performance for abnormal detection. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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Spatial-temporal changes and driving factors of eco-environmental quality in the Three-North region of China

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Journal of Arid Land 2023年第3期15卷 231-252页

作者： LONG Yi JIANG Fugen DENG Muli WANG Tianhong SUN Hua Research Center of Forestry Remote Sensing&Information Engineering Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing Based Big Data&Ecological Security for Hunan Province Changsha 410004China Key Laboratory of National Forestry&Grassland Administration on Forest Resources Management and Monitoring in Southern Area Changsha 410004China

Eco-environmental quality is a measure of the suitability of the ecological environment for human survival and socioeconomic *** the spatial-temporal distribution and variation trend of eco-environmental quality is essential for environmental protection and ecological *** remote sensing ecological index(RSEI)can quickly and objectively quantify eco-environmental quality and has been extensively utilized in regional ecological environment *** this paper,Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)images during the growing period(July-September)from 2000 to 2020 were obtained from the Google Earth Engine(GEE)platform to calculate the RSEI in the three northern regions of China(the Three-North region).The Theil-Sen median trend method combined with the Mann-Kendall test was used to analyze the spatial-temporal variation trend of eco-environmental quality,and the Hurst exponent and the Theil-Sen median trend were superimposed to predict the future evolution trend of eco-environmental *** addition,ten variables from two categories of natural and anthropogenic factors were analyzed to determine the drivers of the spatial differentiation of eco-environmental quality by the geographical *** results showed that from 2000 to 2020,the RSEI in the Three-North region exhibited obvious regional characteristics:the RSEI values in Northwest China were generally between 0.2 and 0.4;the RSEI values in North China gradually increased from north to south,ranging from 0.2 to 0.8;and the RSEI values in Northeast China were mostly above *** average RSEI value in the Three-North region increased at an average growth rate of 0.0016/a,showing the spatial distribution characteristics of overall improvement and local degradation in eco-environmental quality,of which the areas with improved,basically stable and degraded eco-environmental quality accounted for 65.39%,26.82%and 7.79%of the total study area,*** Hurst

关键词： eco-environmental quality remote sensing ecological index Google Earth Engine Hurst exponent geographical detector Three-North region of China

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