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Integrated Communications, Navigation and Surveillance Conference, ICNS

作者： Kailin Chen Shaoyu Wang Jianfeng Mao School of Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Guangdong China School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Key Laboratory of IoT Intelligent Systems and Wireless Network Technology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Guangdong China Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data Shenzhen Guangdong China

ISBN: (数字)9781728172705

ISBN: (纸本)9781728172712

In this paper, we consider predicting travel time for aircraft operated in multi-airport systems by modeling and simulating a multiclass queuing network, which can systematically capture the complicated coupling relationship among multiple airports and terminal airspace and the complex nature of flight trajectories following different traffic flow patterns. In this multiclass queuing network model, each class of queuing network, named a class of customers, is modeled with the data of a traffic flow pattern, which is identified for a cluster of flight trajectories. Airports and airspace sectors are correspondingly modeled as networked servers with nonhomogeneous and time-varying arrival rate, service rate and server capacity to serve those classes of customers following their specific routing probabilities. Then, all of the parameters for setting up the multiclass queuing network model can be properly estimated using historical 4D flight trajectory data. To illustrate the superiority of this model, both average travel time for each class of customers, i.e., aircraft following a particular flow pattern, and the arrival time for an individual flight are predicted via simulations of a multiclass queuing network, and furthermore, compared with the real travel time. A typical example of a multi-airport system, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area in China, is utilized to showcase the prediction performance of the proposed multiclass queuing network simulation model. The simulation experiments of the case study demonstrate that the proposed model well fits this multi-airports system. For most of the time periods, the percentage error (PE) of simulated average travel time and real average travel time is less than 5%. The travel time prediction for a random individual flight can achieve around 1% of the percentage error in terms of point estimation.

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Climatic and Biotic Controls of Evapotranspiration Across Grassland Ecosystems on Tibetan Plateau

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Peng, Siyuan Yang, Yue Luo, Dengnan Zeng, Xiang Liang, Minqi Tao, Long Zhang, Guangru Li, Pan Liao, Weijie Guo, Qun Cao, Ruochen Li, Yuzhe Zhang, Weirong Hu, Zhongmin School of Geography South China Normal University Shipai Campus Guangzhou510631 China Hainan Baoting Tropical Rainforest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation School of Ecology and Environment Hainan University Haikou570228 China Center for Eco-Environment Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province Hainan University Haikou570228 China Facility of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China Zhuhai Branch of State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University Zhuhai519087 China School of Atmospheric Sciences Guangdong Province Data Center of Terrestrial and Marine Ecosystems Carbon Cycle Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Zhuhai510245 China Key Lab of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101408 China International Institute for Earth System Sciences Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing University Jiangsu210023 China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology Key Laboratory for Land Satellite Remote Sensing Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing University Jiangsu210023 China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Understanding the spatial variations of evapotranspiration (ET) and its components on Tibetan Plateau (TP) is pivotal for grasping the regional water cycle and energy balance dynamics. Yet it is unclear how the changes of the intricate synergy among diverse environment factors significantly impacts the patterns of ET and its transformation state. Addressing this gap, this study employed observational data from 14 sites, utilizing the Shuttleworth-Wallace-Hu (SWH) model to investigate the spatial relationships between ET, its components, and influencing factors. Model parameters of SWH were optimized by Monte Carlo method, achieving a commendable simulation performance with a mean R2 value of 0.75. Our analysis reveals that in alpine meadow, the ratio of transpiration (T) to ET (T/ET) is generally higher (0.55) compared to alpine steppe (0.39). The T/ET values for hover around or below 0.5, indicating a balanced contribution of various ET components. Spatially, both PPT and LAI have an impact on ET and T/ET. PPT emerges as the primary driver of interannual spatial variations in ET, while LAI plays a crucial role in regulating T/ET. Our results further demonstrate that a transition from water-dominated to energy-dominated systems in TP grassland ecosystem at an approximately aridity index of 0.73. This is noteworthy considering the general application of an aridity index of 0.65 to delineate arid from humid regions. It implies that TP grasslands, within the 0.65-0.73 range, remain primarily water-driven. This insight holds substantial implications for comprehending water-energy dynamics in similar ecosystems, challenging the conventional binary categorization of arid and humid areas. Such findings are of immense significance in enhancing understanding of the intricate interactions of the water cycle between land and the atmosphere. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Water supply

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Optimized Energy and Information Relaying in Self-Sustainable IRS-Empowered WPCN

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Lyu, Bin Ramezani, Parisa Hoang, Dinh Thai Gong, Shimin Yang, Zhen Jamalipour, Abbas Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education in Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing210003 China School of Electrical and Information Engineering University of Sydney SydneyNSW2006 Australia School of Electrical and Data Engineering University of Technology Sydney SydneyNSW2007 Australia School of Intelligent Systems Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou510275 China

This paper proposes a hybrid-relaying scheme empowered by a self-sustainable intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) in a wireless powered communication network (WPCN), to simultaneously improve the performance of downlink energy transfer (ET) from a hybrid access point (HAP) to multiple users and uplink information transmission (IT) from users to the HAP. We propose time-switching (TS) and power-splitting (PS) schemes for the IRS, where the IRS can harvest energy from the HAP’s signals by switching between energy harvesting and signal reflection in the TS scheme or adjusting its reflection amplitude in the PS scheme. For both the TS and PS schemes, we formulate the sum-rate maximization problems by jointly optimizing the IRS’s phase shifts for both ET and IT and network resource allocation. To address each problem’s non-convexity, we propose a two-step algorithm, where the formulated problem is decoupled into two sub-problems and each sub-problem can be solved separately in an efficient way. To show the structure of resource allocation, we also investigate sub-optimal solutions for the schemes with random phase shifts. Through numerical results, we show that our proposed schemes can achieve over hundred times sum-rate gain compared to the baseline scheme without IRS. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy transfer

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Meta mask correction for nuclei segmentation in histopathological image

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Shi, Jiangbo Jia, Chang Gao, Zeyu Gong, Tieliang Wang, Chunbao Li, Chen National Engineering Lab for Big Data Analytics Xi'an Jiao Tong University Shaanxi Xi'an710049 China School of Computer Science and Technology Xi'an Jiao tong University Shaanxi Xi'an710049 China Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Satellite and Terrestrial Network Tech.R&D Xi'an Jiao tong University Shaanxi Xi'an710049 China Department of Pathology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi'an710061 China

Nuclei segmentation is a fundamental task in digital pathology analysis and can be automated by deep learning-based methods. However, the development of such an automated method requires a large amount of data with precisely annotated masks which is hard to obtain. Training with weakly labeled data is a popular solution for reducing the workload of annotation. In this paper, we propose a novel meta-learning-based nuclei segmentation method which follows the label correction paradigm to leverage data with noisy masks. Specifically, we design a fully conventional meta-model that can correct noisy masks using a small amount of clean meta-data. Then the corrected masks can be used to supervise the training of the segmentation model. Meanwhile, a bi-level optimization method is adopted to alternately update the parameters of the main segmentation model and the meta-model in an end-to-end way. Extensive experimental results on two nuclear segmentation datasets show that our method achieves the state-of-the-art result. It even achieves comparable performance with the model training on supervised data in some noisy settings. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Deep learning

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TEAM: We need more powerful adversarial examples for DNNs

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Qian, Yaguan Zhang, Ximin Wang, Bin Li, Wei Gu, Zhaoquan Wang, Haijiang Swaileh, Wassim School of Big Data Science Zhejiang University of Science and Technology Hangzhou310023 China Network and Information Security Laboratory of Hangzhou Hikvision Digital Technology Co. Ltd Hangzhou310052 China Guangzhou University Guangzhou510006 China School of Information and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University of Science and Technology Hangzhou310023 China CY Cergy Paris University ETIS Research Laboratory Paris95032 France

Although deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved success in many application fields, it is still vulnerable to imperceptible adversarial examples that can lead to misclassification of DNNs easily. To overcome this challenge, many defensive methods are proposed. Indeed, a powerful adversarial example is a key benchmark to measure these defensive mechanisms. In this paper, we propose a novel method (TEAM, Taylor Expansion-Based Adversarial Methods) to generate more powerful adversarial examples than previous methods. The main idea is to craft adversarial examples by minimizing the confidence of the ground-truth class under untargeted attacks or maximizing the confidence of the target class under targeted attacks. Specifically, we define the new objective functions that approximate DNNs by using the second-order Taylor expansion within a tiny neighborhood of the input. Then the Lagrangian multiplier method is used to obtain the optimize perturbations for these objective functions. To decrease the amount of computation, we further introduce the Gauss-Newton (GN) method to speed it up. Finally, the experimental result shows that our method can reliably produce adversarial examples with 100% attack success rate (ASR) while only by smaller perturbations. In addition, the adversarial example generated with our method can defeat defensive distillation based on gradient masking. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Indicator & crowding Distance-Based Evolutionary Algorithm for Combined Heat and Power Economic Emission Dispatch

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Sun, Jiaze Deng, Jiahui Li, Yang School of Computer Science and Technology Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications Xi’an710121 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Network Data Intelligent Processing Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications Xi’an710121 China School of Electrical Engineering Northeast Electric Power University Jilin132012 China

Heat and power have become the most indispensable resources. However, the traditional ways of generating power and heat are inefficient and cause high pollution;a CHP (Combined Heat and Power) unit can solve these problems well. In recent years, more attention has been paid to energy conservation and environmental protection, and Combined Heat and Power Economic Emission Dispatch (CHPEED) has become an important multi-objective optimization problem. In this paper, an Indicator & crowding Distance-based Evolutionary Algorithm (IDBEA) is put forward for handling this non-convex and non-linear problem. With consideration of the valve-point effects and power transmission loss, IDBEA is tested on three standard test systems with different types, including four units, five units and seven units. In the experiment, IDBEA is compared with several evolutionary algorithms, the simulation results demonstrate that IDBEA has strong stability and superiority, while the solutions show better convergence and diversity than several typical algorithms. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cogeneration plants

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XTQA: Span-Level Explanations for Textbook Question Answering

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Ma, Jie Chai, Qi Liu, Jun Yin, Qingyu Wang, Pinghui Zheng, Qinghua Ministry of Education of Key Lab for Intelligent Networks and Network Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Big Data Knowledge Engineering The School of Computer Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China Amazon United States

Textbook Question Answering (TQA) is the task of correctly answering diagram or non-diagram questions given large multi-modal contexts consisting of abundant essays and diagrams. In real-world scenarios, an explainable TQA system plays a key role in deepening humans’ understanding of learned knowledge. However, there is no work to investigate how to provide explanations currently. To address this issue, we devise a novel architecture towards span-level eXplanations for TQA (XTQA). In this paper, spans are the combinations of sentences within a paragraph. The key idea is to consider the entire textual context of a lesson as candidate evidence, and then use our proposed coarse-to-fine grained Explanation Extracting (EE) algorithm to narrow down the evidence scope and extract the span-level explanations with varying lengths for answering different questions. The EE algorithm can also be integrated into other TQA methods to make them explainable and improve the TQA performance. Experimental results show that XTQA obtains the best overall explanation result (mIoU) of 52.38% on the first 300 questions of CK12-QA test splits, demonstrating the explainability of our method (non-diagram: 150 and diagram: 150). The results also show that XTQA achieves the best TQA performance of 36.46% and 36.95% on the aforementioned splits respectively. We have released our code in https://***/dr-majie/*** Codes 68T07 Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Textbooks

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Distributed Tracking Control of a Class of Multi-agent Systems in Non-affine Pure-feedback Form Under a Directed Topology

引用

IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2018年第1期5卷 169-180页

作者： Yang Yang Dong Yue College of Automation Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing 210023 China Institute of Advanced Technology and Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Control for Active Distribution Network Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing 210023 China IEEE

In this paper, we consider a consensus tracking problem of a class of networked multi-agent systems(MASs)in non-affine pure-feedback form under a directed topology. A distributed adaptive tracking consensus control scheme is constructed recursively by the backstepping method, graph theory,neural networks(NNs) and the dynamic surface control(DSC)approach. The key advantage of the proposed control strategy is that, by the DSC technique, it avoids "explosion of complexity"problem along with the increase of the degree of individual agents and thus the computational burden of the scheme can be drastically reduced. Moreover, there is no requirement for prior knowledge about system parameters of individual agents and uncertain dynamics by employing NNs approximation *** then further show that, in theory, the designed control policy guarantees the consensus errors to be cooperatively semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded(CSUUB). Finally, two examples are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.

关键词： Backstepping consensus multi-agent systems(MASs) neural networks(NNs)

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An Adaptive Model Update Object Tracking Algorithm based on DenseNet Features

An Adaptive Model Update Object Tracking Algorithm based on ...

引用

International Conference on networking and network Applications (NaNA)

作者： Sugang Ma Lei Zhang Lei Pu Xiaobao Yang Zhiqiang Hou Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Network Data Analysis and Intelligent Processing Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications Xi'an shaanxi China School of Computer Science and Technology Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications Xi'an shaanxi China School of Information and Navigation Air Force Engineering University Xi'an shaanxi China

ISBN: (数字)9781728189543

ISBN: (纸本)9781728189550

In order to further improve the ability to deal with complex scenes, a visual tracking algorithm based on DenseNet features and model adaptive updating is proposed. Aiming to improve the feature representation ability of correlation filtering algorithm, a more discriminative DenseNet model is used as feature extractor. Meanwhile, in order to improve the long-term tracking performance, an adaptive model update strategy is proposed. The average peak correlation energy (APCE) based on response map is used to judge and evaluate the tracking result and the model is updated only when the confidence is high. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves higher success rate and accuracy compared to the other five related algorithms, and improves the robustness of object tracking in complex scenes such as occlusion and deformation.

关键词： Adaptation models Visualization Correlation Target tracking Feature extraction Object tracking Strain

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A skeleton pattern representation method for anomaly detection in wireless sensor networks 21

A skeleton pattern representation method for anomaly detecti...

引用

21st IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications, 17th IEEE International Conference on Smart City and 5th IEEE International Conference on data Science and Systems, HPCC/SmartCity/DSS 2019

作者： Chen, Yanping Yang, Ping Gao, Cong Wang, Zhongmin Yu, Zhong School of Computer Science and Technology Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications Xi'an710121 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Network Data Analysis and Intelligent Processing Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications Xi'an China School of Communications and Information Engineering Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications Xi'an710121 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728120584

Anomaly detection of time series in wireless sensor networks has gained significant attention. Researchers employ representation techniques to reduce the dimensionality of time series. The Piecewise Aggregate Pattern Representation (PAPR) method vertically divides the time series and represents as patterns. However, the computational cost of the PAPR method for anomaly detection is high. To overcome this issue, we propose a time series representation method for anomaly detection called Skeleton Pattern Representation for anomaly detection (SPR-AD). An improved Perceptually Important Point (iPIP) identification algorithm is devised to transform the subsequence into a skeleton with PIPs. Then the skeleton is divided into several equal-sized subspaces in the amplitude domain. Statistical information of the PIPs located in subspaces is constructed to represent the skeleton as a pattern. Based on the two-phase representation scheme, anomaly is determined by anomaly scores which are based on the of similarity among pattern. The experimental results demonstrate the performance of the SPR-AD method is better in terms of computational cost and detection accuracy than the PAPR method. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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