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ResfEANet: ResNet-fused External Attention network for Tuberculosis Diagnosis using Chest X-ray Images

Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine Update 2024年 5卷

作者： Ejiyi, Chukwuebuka Joseph Qin, Zhen Nnani, Ann O Deng, Fuhu Ejiyi, Thomas Ugochukwu Ejiyi, Makuachukwu Bennedith Agbesi, Victor Kwaku Bamisile, Olusola Network and Data Security Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Hohai University Nanjing China Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry University of Nigeria Nsukka Enugu Nigeria Pharmacy Department University of Nigeria Nsukka Enugu Nigeria School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China Sichuan Industrial Internet Intelligent Monitoring and Application Engineering Technology Research Centre Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu China

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), the most prevalent form of TB, remains a major global public health concern, contributing to more than a million deaths each year. The accurate and timely diagnosis of this disease is of paramount importance for effective control and treatment. Chest X-ray (CXR) images have emerged as a valuable tool for screening lung diseases, including TB, owing to their cost-effectiveness and non-invasiveness. Despite advancements in technology, the challenges associated with interpreting CXR images persist, primarily due to the scarcity of trained radiologists. This underscores the pressing need for an automated and cost-effective computer-aided system capable of diagnosing TB, assisting medical practitioners in distinguishing between TB-positive and negative CXR scans. In response to this need, we introduce an innovative approach called ResNet-fused External Attention network (ResfEANet). This network excels in accurately classifying TB from CXR images, achieving remarkable levels of accuracy and sensitivity. ResfEANet is built upon ResNet and incorporates an External Attention mechanism, albeit with fewer residual network blocks than ResNet-50 resulting in a relatively shallow network with fewer layers. This approach proves highly effective in feature extraction and yields competitive results in the classification of TB. Our method was employed to train a model that demonstrated an impressive accuracy rate of 97.59% and a remarkable sensitivity of 100% in binary classification tasks with optimal computational cost. These outcomes suggest that our proposed approach has the potential to serve as a valuable secondary tool in clinical decision-making, providing crucial assistance to radiologists and healthcare professionals. © 2023

关键词： Chest X-ray images External Attention ResfEANet ResNet Tuberculosis

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DAMBLO: Improving Arrhythmia Classification with Plug-and-Play Dual Attention-Based Multiscale Feature Learning Block

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Zhuang, Tianming Qin, Zhiguang You, Li Deng, Erqiang Ding, Yi Cao, Mingsheng Guo, Yingkun Network and Data Security Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Sichuan Chengdu610054 China Department of Molecular Genetics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam Netherlands Department of Radiology Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects Ministry of Education West China Second University Hospital Sichuan University Sichuan Chengdu610072 China School of Information and Software Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Sichuan Chengdu610054 China

The electrocardiogram diagnosis played an important role in early arrhythmia prevention and cardiovascular disease detection. How to analysis and detect the electrocardiogram automatically becomes a challenging task in clinical practice. Convolutional neural network based approaches have been widely applied in the field of automatic arrhythmia detection and analysis. However, the existing methods fails to preserve the abundant and essential latent representatives from multiple dimensions. To address these problems, a dual spatial-channel aggregation module is proposed, which expects to concentrate on the prominent target information along spatial and channel dimension of electrocardiogram signals. Moreover, a multi-scale enhancement module with channel-wise gating mechanism is also proposed to enlarge the receptive resolution and further to improve the learning ability of long-range dependencies from the global information. Furthermore, these two proposed modules are integrated as a "plug-and-play" block that can be easily adopted as a drop-in replacement for any 3×3 convolution layers in convolutional neural networ based architectures. In order to evaluate the effectiveness and generalization of the proposed block, it is plugged in a series of convolutional neural network based frameworks and are evaluated on two benchmark datasets, MIT-BIH and PTB. The extensive experimental results show that the proposed "plug-and-play" block can significantly improve the arrhythmia classification performance. Moreover, compared to other state-of-the-art methods, the framework plugged with the proposed block can achieve a competitive classification performance, proving the feasibility and advancement of the proposed dual attention-based multiscale feature learning block. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electrocardiograms

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An Auto-Parallel Method for Deep Learning Models Based on Genetic Algorithm

An Auto-Parallel Method for Deep Learning Models Based on Ge...

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International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS)

作者： Yan Zeng ChengChuang Huang YiJie Ni ChunBao Zhou JiLin Zhang Jue Wang MingYao Zhou MeiTing Xue YunQuan Zhang School of Computer Science and Technology Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou China Key Laboratory for Modeling and Simulation of Complex Systems Ministry of Education Hangzhou China Data Security Governance Zhejiang Engineering Research Center Hangzhou China School of ITMO Joint Institute Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou China Institute of Computer Network Information Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China HuaWei State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

As the size of datasets and neural network models increases, automatic parallelization methods for models have become a research hotspot in recent years. The existing auto-parallel methods based on machine learning or graph algorithms still have issues with search efficiency and applicability. This paper proposes an automatic parallel method based on a dual-population genetic algorithm, TGA, which transforms model partitioning and placement into an integer linear programming problem and constructs a cost model to evaluate the solution. The solution space is built using the neural network’s dataflow graph and device cluster’s topology, and the dual-population genetic algorithm is used to search for the optimal model parallel strategy. Experiments with various models show that the proposed method can improve single-step execution time by up to 42% compared to the Baechi method and up to 37.7% compared to the Hierarchical method.

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FedAL: Black-Box Federated Knowledge Distillation Enabled by Adversarial Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Han, Pengchao Shi, Xingyan Huang, Jianwei The School of Information Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China The School of Data Science The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China The School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Crowd Intelligence Empowered Low-Carbon Energy Network CSIJRI Joint Research Centre on Smart Energy Storage The Chinese University of Hong Kong Guangdong Shenzhen518172 China

Knowledge distillation (KD) can enable collaborative learning among distributed clients that have different model architectures and do not share their local data and model parameters with others. Each client updates its local model using the average model output/feature of all client models as the target, known as federated KD. However, existing federated KD methods often do not perform well when clients’ local models are trained with heterogeneous local datasets. In this paper, we propose Federated knowledge distillation enabled by Adversarial Learning (FedAL) to address the data heterogeneity among clients. First, to alleviate the local model output divergence across clients caused by data heterogeneity, the server acts as a discriminator to guide clients’ local model training to achieve consensus model outputs among clients through a min-max game between clients and the discriminator. Moreover, catastrophic forgetting may happen during the clients’ local training and global knowledge transfer due to clients’ heterogeneous local data. Towards this challenge, we design the less-forgetting regularization for both local training and global knowledge transfer to guarantee clients’ ability to transfer/learn knowledge to/from others. Experimental results show that FedAL and its variants achieve higher accuracy than other federated KD baselines. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Distillation

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A unified adaptive recoding framework for Batched network coding

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Yin, Hoover H.F. Tang, Bin Ng, Ka Hei Yang, Shenghao Wang, Xishi Zhou, Qiaoqiao The N-hop Technologies Limited Hong Kong The Institute of Network Coding The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong The School of Computer and Information Hohai University Nanjing China The Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong The School of Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of IoT Intelligent Systems and Wireless Network Technology Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data Shenzhen China The Department of Information Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

Batched network coding is a variation of random linear network coding which has low computational and storage costs. In order to adapt to random fluctuations in the number of erasures in individual batches, it is not optimal to recode and transmit the same number of packets for all batches. Different distributed optimization models, which are called adaptive recoding schemes, were formulated for this purpose. The key component of these optimization problems is the expected value of the rank distribution of a batch at the next network node, which is also known as the expected rank. In this paper, we put forth a unified adaptive recoding framework with an arbitrary recoding field size. We show that the expected rank functions are concave when the packet loss pattern is a stationary stochastic process, which covers but not limited to independent packet loss and Gilbert-Elliott packet loss model. Under this concavity assumption, we show that there always exists a solution which not only can minimize the randomness on the number of recoded packets but also can tolerate rank distribution errors due to inaccurate measurements or limited precision of the machine. We provide an algorithm to obtain such an optimal optimal solution, and propose tuning schemes that can turn any feasible solution into a desired optimal solution. © 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Packet loss

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Secondary Access Class Barring for Machine Type Communications with PUSCH Resource Constraints

Secondary Access Class Barring for Machine Type Communicatio...

引用

IEEE Conference on Vehicular technology (VTC)

作者： Yuxuan Wen Liu Yang Chaoyuan Bai Heng Liu Communication and Sensor Network for Modern Transportation International Cooperation Center(CSNMT) Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu P.R.China Key Lab of Information Coding & Transmission Institude of Mobile Communication Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu P.R.China National Engineering Laboratory of Integrated Transportation Big Data Application Technology Chengdu P.R.China

ISBN: (数字)9798331517786

ISBN: (纸本)9798331517793

With the continuous increase of IoT devices, multiple devices desire to use network resources simultaneously during peak hours and overload conditions, leading to collisions and a reduction in the network’s effective throughput. The Access Class Barring (ACB) method has been proposed as the optimal potential solution in LTE communication networks to overcome this problem. However, existing ACB schemes do not fully utilize preamble resources, and most schemes do not consider the situation where PUSCH resources are limited. Therefore, this paper proposes a two-stage ACB algorithm that considers the situation of limited PUSCH resources. This algorithm recycles part of the preamble resources and sets the ACB factor based on the number of PUSCH resources. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm significantly outperforms traditional schemes in terms of total service time, delay, throughput, and PUSCH resource efficiency.

关键词： Vehicular and wireless technologies Delay effects Computer simulation Throughput Delays Internet of Things Communication networks Long Term Evolution

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LMVD: A Large-Scale Multimodal Vlog dataset for Depression Detection in the Wild

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： He, Lang Chen, Kai Zhao, Junnan Wang, Yimeng Pei, Ercheng Chen, Haifeng Jiang, Jiewei Zhang, Shiqing Zhang, Jie Wang, Zhongmin He, Tao Tiwari, Prayag The School of Computer Science and Technology Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications Shaanxi Xi’an710121 China The Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Network Data Analysis and Intelligent Processing Shaanxi Xi’an710121 China The Xi’an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Computing Shaanxi Xi’an710121 China The School of Electronic Engineering Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications Xi’an710121 China The College of Electronic Information and Artificial Intelligence Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi’an710016 China The Institute of Intelligent Information Processing Taizhou University Zhejiang Taizhou318000 China The School of Education Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China The School of Information Technology Halmstad University Halmstad Sweden

Depression can significantly impact many aspects of an individual’s life, including their personal and social functioning, academic and work performance, and overall quality of life. Many researchers within the field of affective computing are adopting deep learning technology to explore potential patterns related to the detection of depression. However, because of subjects’ privacy protection concerns, that data in this area is still scarce, presenting a challenge for the deep discriminative models used in detecting depression. To navigate these obstacles, a large-scale multimodal vlog dataset (LMVD), for depression recognition in the wild is built. In LMVD, which has 1823 samples with 214 hours of the 1475 participants captured from four multimedia platforms (Sina Weibo, Bilibili, Tiktok, and YouTube). A novel architecture termed MDDformer to learn the non-verbal behaviors of individuals is proposed. Extensive validations are performed on the LMVD dataset, demonstrating superior performance for depression detection. We anticipate that the LMVD will contribute a valuable function to the depression detection community. The data and code will released at the link: https://***/helang818/LMVD/. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Deep learning

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How Does Knowledge Graph Embedding Extrapolate to Unseen data: A Semantic Evidence View

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Li, Ren Cao, Yanan Zhu, Qiannan Bi, Guanqun Fang, Fang Liu, Yi Li, Qian Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences China School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence Renmin University of China China Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Management and Analysis Methods China National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team Coordination Center of China China University of Technology Sydney Australia

Knowledge Graph Embedding (KGE) aims to learn representations for entities and relations. Most KGE models have gained great success, especially on extrapolation scenarios. Specifically, given an unseen triple (h, r, t), a trained model can still correctly predict t from (h, r,?), or h from (?, r, t), such extrapolation ability is impressive. However, most existing KGE works focus on the design of delicate triple modeling function, which mainly tells us how to measure the plausibility of observed triples, but offers limited explanation of why the methods can extrapolate to unseen data, and what are the important factors to help KGE extrapolate. Therefore in this work, we attempt to study the KGE extrapolation of two problems: 1. How does KGE extrapolate to unseen data? 2. How to design the KGE model with better extrapolation ability? For the problem 1, we first discuss the impact factors for extrapolation and from relation, entity and triple level respectively, propose three Semantic Evidences (SEs), which can be observed from train set and provide important semantic information for extrapolation. Then we verify the effectiveness of SEs through extensive experiments on several typical KGE methods. For the problem 2, to make better use of the three levels of SE, we propose a novel GNN-based KGE model, called Semantic Evidence aware Graph Neural network (SE-GNN). In SE-GNN, each level of SE is modeled explicitly by the corresponding neighbor pattern, and merged sufficiently by the multi-layer aggregation, which contributes to obtaining more extrapolative knowledge representation. Finally, through extensive experiments on FB15k-237 and WN18RR datasets, we show that SE-GNN achieves state-of-the-art performance on Knowledge Graph Completion task and performs a better extrapolation ability. Our code is available at https://***/renli1024/SE-GNN. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Knowledge graph

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Efficient Sensing Parameter Estimation with Direct Clutter Mitigation in Perceptive Mobile networks

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Hang Yang, Hongming Guo, Qinghua Zhang, J. Andrew Xiang, Yang Pang, Yashan The School of Electronics and Information Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou310018 China The School of Electrical Computer and Telecommunications Engineering University of Wollongong WollongongNSW2522 Australia The Global Big Data Technologies Centre University of Technology Sydney UltimoNSW2007 Australia National Key Laboratory of Advanced Communication Networks Academy of Network & Communications of CETC Hebei Shijiazhuang050081 China

In this work, we investigate sensing parameter estimation in the presence of clutter in perceptive mobile networks (PMNs) that integrate radar sensing into mobile communications. Performing clutter suppression before sensing parameter estimation is generally desirable as the number of sensing parameters can be significantly reduced. However, existing methods require high-complexity clutter mitigation and sensing parameter estimation, where clutter is firstly identified and then removed. In this correspondence, we propose a much simpler but more effective method by incorporating a clutter cancellation mechanism in formulating a sparse signal model for sensing parameter estimation. In particular, clutter mitigation is performed directly on the received signals and the unitary approximate message passing (UAMP) is leveraged to exploit the common support for sensing parameter estimation in the formulated sparse signal recovery problem. Simulation results show that, compared to state-of-the-art methods, the proposed method delivers significantly better performance while with substantially reduced complexity. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wireless networks

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Task-Oriented Sensing, Computation, and Communication Integration for Multi-Device Edge AI

Task-Oriented Sensing, Computation, and Communication Integr...

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IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)

作者： Dingzhu Wen Peixi Liu Guangxu Zhu Yuanming Shi Jie Xu Yonina C. Eldar Shuguang Cui School of Information Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai China School of Electronics. Peking University Beijing China Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data 'Shenzhen China School of Science and Engineering (SSE) the Future Network of Intelligence Institute (FNii) and the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Future Networks of Intelligence The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen China

This paper studies a new multi-device edge artificial-intelligent (AI) system, which jointly exploits the AI model split inference and integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) to enable low-latency intelligent services at the network edge. In this system, multiple ISAC devices perform radar sensing to obtain multi-view data, and then offload the quantized version of extracted features to a centralized edge server, which conducts model inference based on the cascaded feature vectors. Under this setup and by considering classification tasks, we measure the inference accuracy by adopting an approximate but tractable metric, namely discriminant gain, which is defined as the distance of two classes in the Euclidean feature space under normalized covariance. To maximize the discriminant gain, we first quantify the influence of the sensing, computation, and communication processes on it with a derived closed-form expression. Then, an end-to-end task-oriented resource management approach is developed by designing an optimal integrated sensing, computation, and communication (ISCC) scheme. By using human motions recognition as a concrete AI inference task, extensive experiments are conducted to verify the performance of the proposed scheme.

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