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Hybrid speech enhancement in modulation domain

Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-31页

作者： P S, Praveen Kumar H S, Jayanna Technical Lead-Machine Learning Merit Data and Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai India Department of Information Science and Engineering Siddaganga Institute of Technology Karnataka Tumkur India

This paper presents a comprehensive study on speech enhancement (SE) techniques, particularly focusing on the utilization of the discrete cosine transform (DCT) in the modulation domain (MD) in combination with the minimum mean square error (MMSE) and Kalman filter (KF) algorithms. The research investigates the efficacy of these techniques in improving speech quality and intelligibility under various noisy conditions, such as babble, drilling, horn, train, and traffic noises, across different signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels. Additionally, the study evaluates the performance of recurrent neural network (RNN) algorithms alongside traditional SE approaches. The study highlights the advantages of employing DCT in the modulation domain over the traditional discrete Fourier transform (DFT) in SE applications. Experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in objective quality metrics, including Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (PESQ), composite measures, and short-time objective intelligibility (STOI), when implementing SE algorithms using discrete cosine transform in modulation domain. The proposed hybrid speech enhancement techniques, leveraging minimum mean square error and Kalman filter in combination with discrete cosine transform in modulation domain, outperform individual speech enhancement algorithms, showcasing superior noise reduction capabilities. This paper contributes to the advancement of speech enhancement methodologies, particularly in real-world noisy environments, and underscores the effectiveness of discrete cosine transform-based approaches in enhancing speech quality and intelligibility. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Recurrent neural networks

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Parallelizing Video Anomaly Detection Using Reconstruction and Future Frame Prediction 6th

Parallelizing Video Anomaly Detection Using Reconstruction a...

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6th International conference on communication and computational technologies, ICCCT 2024

作者： Vasudevan, Vibhav Ramakrishnan, Srinivas Seth, Utkarsh Shreya, M.B. Shylaja, S.S. Center for Data Science and Applied Machine Learning RR Campus Karnataka Bengaluru India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819774258

Video anomaly detection (VAD) is a demanding task because the very definition of anomalies in videos is inherently inconclusive and also due to the high manpower required to supervise lengthy videos. This research paper introduces a novel method for anomaly detection in videos. It utilizes the concurrent output of two deep learning models: the Convolutional Autoencoder (Conv-AE) for anomaly detection based on reconstruction errors and the Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory (ConvLSTM) for future frame prediction. The Conv-AE detects anomalies by capitalizing on its excellent spatial learning capabilities and the ConvLSTM model is helpful owing to its powerful temporal modeling abilities. By running these two models in parallel and normalizing the results obtained from both, we found that our combined model (CAELSTM) gave satisfactory results (AUROC) for two of the most prevalent datasets in this field of VAD, namely CUHK Avenue (77.44%) and Ped2 (87.31%), showcasing its promising performance. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Video analysis

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AgentFusion: A Multi-Agent Approach to Accurate Text Generation

AgentFusion: A Multi-Agent Approach to Accurate Text Generat...

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2024 International Conference on Electrical and Computer engineering Researches, ICECER 2024

作者： Saeid, Yasser Kopinski, Thomas South Westphalia University of Applied Sciences Machine Learning - Data Science Meschede Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798331539733

The rise of large language models (LLMs) like Chat-GPT has significantly transformed the field of natural language processing (NLP). These models are now central to many companies' operations due to their capabilities in generating human-like text, understanding context, and responding to queries with high fluency. However, LLMs are not without flaws. They sometimes generate inaccurate or even completely fabricated information-a phenomenon known as 'hallucination.' This issue underscores the increasing importance of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems, which aim to enhance the accuracy of LLM outputs by incorporating data from external sources. RAG systems are especially valuable when dealing with non-English content, such as German-language tasks, where high-quality data retrieval is crucial for achieving accurate results. Developing an effective RAG system, however, is complex and requires careful consideration of several critical elements. In this paper, we present a new approach to RAG, which we refer to as an 'agentic RAG' system. This system utilizes three distinct agents that collaborate to optimize the output. We rigorously tested this system across various types of embeddings and benchmarked its performance against GPT-4. Our results indicate that the agentic RAG system significantly improves accuracy, particularly for German-language content, achieving a 24/25 accuracy score in tasks related to reactor decommissioning, finance, and sports domains. These results demonstrate the broad applicability and performance gains of agentic RAG systems in multilingual NLP tasks. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Semantics

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Video understanding : Tagging of videos through self attentive learnable key descriptors 11

Video understanding : Tagging of videos through self attenti...

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11th International Symposium on Electronic Systems Devices and Computing, ESDC 2023

作者： Darapaneni, Narayana Paduri, Anwesh Reddy Thomas, Dinu Jisha, C.U. Shrivastava, Abhinao Biradar, Seema Pes University Data Science and Machine Learning Bangalore India

ISBN: (纸本)9781665455725

In today's world, the UGC (User Generated Contents) videos have increased exponentially. Billions of videos are uploaded, played and exchanged between different actors. In this context, automatic video content classification has become a critical and challenging problem, especially in areas like video-based search, recommendation etc. In this work we try to extract frame-level visual and audio features, pre-extracted features are then converted into a compact video level representation effectively and efficiently. We aim to classify the video into a set of categories with high accuracy. From the literature survey, we identified that, the tagging of videos has been a problem which has not reached its maturity yet, and there are many researches happening in this area. It is observed that, the clustering based video description methodologies show a better result compared to the temporal algorithms. We also have identified that, majority of the SOTA techniques use the VLAD (Vector of Locally Aggregated Descriptors) technique to extract the video features and make the codebook learnable through some adjustments introduced in the NetVLAD. The key descriptors would be mostly noisy, and many of them are insignificant. In this work we aim to cascade a Self-Attention Block on the NetVLAD which can extract the significant descriptors and filter out the Noise. The YouTube 8M dataset shall be used for training the model and performance will be compared with other SOTA techniques. Like other similar works, model performance will be measured by GAP Metric (Global Average Precision) for all the videos predicted labels. We aim to achieve a GAP score close to 85% for this work. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Video recording

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Video Label Enhancing and Standardization through Transcription and WikiId Mapping Techniques 11

Video Label Enhancing and Standardization through Transcript...

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11th International Symposium on Electronic Systems Devices and Computing, ESDC 2023

作者： Thomas, Dinu Pratap, David Sudha, B.G. Pes University Data Science and Machine Learning Bangalore India

ISBN: (纸本)9781665455725

Volume of video content surpass all other content types in internet. As per the reports from different sources, video traffic had acquired 82% of internet usage in 2022. Video is going to be more important in the years to come for user engagement, advertisement & marketing, news, education etc. Video information retrieval becomes an important problem to solve in this context. An accurate and fast video tagging system can aid a good content recommendation to the end users. It helps to audit the content automatically thereby platforms can control the contents which are politically and morally harmful. There are not many faster or cost-effective mechanisms to tag user generated videos at this moment. Manual tagging is a costly and highly time taking task. A delay in indexing the videos like news, sports etc., shall reduce its freshness and relevancy. Deep learning techniques have reached its maturity in the contents like text and images, but it is not the case with videos. Deep learning models need more resources to deal with videos due to its multi-modality nature, and temporal behavior. Apart from that, there are not many large-scale video datasets available at this moment. Youtube-8M is the largest dataset which is publicly available as of now. Much research works happened over Youtube-8M dataset. From our study, all these have a potential limitation. For example, in Youtube-8M, Video labels are only around 3.8K which are not covering all real-world tags. It is not covering the new domains which are created along with the surge in the content traffic. This study aims to handle this problem of tag creation through different methods available thereby enhancing the labels to a much wider set. This work also aims to produce a scalable tagging pipeline which uses multiple retrieval mechanisms, combine their results. The work aims to standardize the retrieved tokens across languages. This work creates a dataset as an outcome from 'Wikidata', which can be used for any NLP

关键词： Standardization

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LSTM based Soft-Sensor for Estimating Nitrate Concentration in Aquaponics pond 3

LSTM based Soft-Sensor for Estimating Nitrate Concentration ...

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3rd International Conference for Innovation in Technology, INOCON 2024

作者： Dharshan, A. Kumar, Purushottam Ravimaran, S. Srinivasulu Reddy, U. Saranathan College of Engineering Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Trichy India National Institute of Technology Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning & Data Analytics Lab Trichy India National Institute of Technology Department of Computer Applications Machine Learning & Data Analytics Lab Trichy India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350381931

In the field of aquaponics, where fish and plants coexist in a symbiotic environment, closely monitoring nitrate levels in the water is crucial due to their profound impact on aquatic and plant well-being. Traditional nitrate measurement methods are often time-consuming and costly. Various approaches, including first principles, IoT-based sensors, and machine learning-based soft sensors, have been attempted to address this challenge. However, these efforts face challenges such as expensive sensors, infrequent data collection, multistage data processing using limited sensor types, and the need for regular maintenance like cleaning and calibration. Additionally, varied environmental conditions affect sensor suitability for different water environments, and even some machine learning-based soft sensors have proven inaccurate. In response, soft sensors, especially deep learning-based ones, have gained prominence in industrial applications for their adaptability and accuracy. These sensors provide real-time insights into complex processes without requiring expensive hardware. In this study, an innovative solution was introduced using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) technology, a neural network architecture in deep learning known for capturing complex temporal patterns. LSTM is well-suited for modeling and predicting nitrate concentration changes in aquaponics, trained with extensive data collected from various aquaponic ponds. Through rigorous evaluation, a remarkable MSE value of 0.00074 and an impressive R-squared score of 0.98 were achieved, holding potential for scaling up to commercial applications, benefiting aquaponics operations, supporting researchers, and enhancing sustainability and productivity in aquaponic systems. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Nitrates

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Impact of Immersive Technology on Physiological Parameters in Psychiatric Disorders 13

Impact of Immersive Technology on Physiological Parameters i...

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13th International Conference on System Modeling and Advancement in Research Trends, SMART 2024

作者： Kataria, Anjali Singh, Gurjinder Sandhu, Jasminder Chitkara Institute of Engineering and Technology Punjab India Iilm University Department of Machine Learning and Data Science Noida India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380583

The brain is an essential component that regulates the general functioning of the body. The brain consists of millions of neurons that govern human behavior in response to sensory stimuli. To understand the mental functioning of the brain, it is important to assess its neural signals. Presently, the exponential expansion of prescription medications and substances, including alcohol and drugs, is exerting a significant influence on human psychology. The rising prevalence of different health disorders can be attributed to the increasing number of cases. The sensorimotor cortex, which in humans is in charge of coordinating both physical and cognitive activities, can be used to visualize brain signals. The present research describes an empirical investigation that employs Virtual Reality therapy to examine the affective condition of individuals suffering from drug addiction. The study utilized the Emotiv Insight 5-channel EEG headset to collect EEG data from 50 participants, and the Emotiv Pro software was employed for data analysis. The study findings indicate that Virtual Reality treatment has a substantial positive impact on the stress levels and concentration of persons suffering from drug addiction. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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Optimized Automated Stock Trading using DQN and Double DQN

Optimized Automated Stock Trading using DQN and Double DQN

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2024 International Conference on Intelligent Algorithms for Computational Intelligence Systems, IACIS 2024

作者： Bharadwaj, Gurudutt S Pratap, David Darapaneni, Narayana Pes University Department of Computer Science Bengaluru India Great Learning Department of Data Science and Machine Learning Bengaluru India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350360660

Stock Portfolio management involves managing the buying, holding and selling decisions for the various stocks in the portfolio. There has been work where Reinforcement learning (RL) based actor-critic methods like Deep Direct Policy Gradient (DDPG) have been used for asset allocation problems. Here an attempt has been made to use solely critic-based value function methods like Deep Q-network (DQN) and Double DQN for estimating Q-values of market actions. Then, an optimized portfolio management algorithm designed to balance trades across a basket of stocks is designed. Five stocks are chosen of different price ranges from NYSE and NASDAQ stock exchanges. The average cumulative percentage returns provided by DQN was 55% on testing data with an average Maximum Drawdown (MDD) of 2.5%. The same with Double DQN was 71% on testing data with an average MDD of 2.83%. These results were significantly better than the case when a traditional Buy and Hold strategy was to be employed. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Improving Hotel Search Autocomplete in Online Travel Agent (OTA) Mobile Apps Using Elasticsearch and learning to Rank 11

Improving Hotel Search Autocomplete in Online Travel Agent (...

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11th International Conference on ICT for Smart Society, ICISS 2024

作者： Pratama, Yoga Aliarham Siswanto, Elisafina Budi, Setia Liono, Jonathan Qodari, Arif Arief-Ang, Irvan B. PT. Global Tiket Network Machine Learning Engineering Indonesia PT. Global Tiket Network Data Science Indonesia PT. Global Tiket Network Data Science Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798350389654

The use of smart search autocomplete for accommodation discovery within Online Travel Agent (OTA) platforms is essential, as it significantly influences the user experience when utilizing these services. This paper presents a method to improve search autocomplete for accommodation discovery in OTA mobile apps using a learning to Rank (LTR) model. The LTR model is implemented as the core module in Elasticsearch's Query Auto Completion (QAC) service. The proposed method uses a two-step process for generating autocomplete results, involving candidate filtering and final result generation based on the LTR prediction score. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method in enhancing the average click-through position by 7.74% for queries with two to four characters, resulting in a 6.46 % increase in the number of items clicked in the first position and a reduction of the average time required for users to click on autocomplete results by 33 %. The findings that we conclude in this extensive study could be used to inform and provoke the work of researchers and engineers in the field of search autocomplete by providing insights on how to improve user experiences through the implementation of LTR techniques in Elasticsearch. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： learning to rank

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Image Recognition for Wildlife Conservation

Image Recognition for Wildlife Conservation

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Computational, Communication and Information Technology, ICCCIT 2025

作者： Charanya, P. Sridharan, S. Yuvan Shankar, S. Sriram, M. Yashvanth, K.P. Department of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Coimbatore India Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Coimbatore India

ISBN: (数字)9798331512965

ISBN: (纸本)9798331512965

This study adopts an empirical approach to evaluate the efficacy of image processing methods in conservation efforts for animals. The initial phase involves the collection of data from various sources within the natural ecosystem, including images captured through camera traps, drones, and other monitoring devices. This comprehensive and diverse dataset is then processed using advanced Image Processing Tools. A key strength of this methodology lies in its use of machine learning algorithms, particularly YOLO v8 (You Only Look Once) and Support Vector machines (SVMs). These techniques are suitable for wildlife conservation because of their capacity to analyze complex visual data and detect patterns indicative of species presence, behavior, and habitat conditions. The paper outlines the application of YOLO v8 and SVMs to the collected image data, enabling accurate identification, real-time detection, and classification of wildlife species. This capability is essential for monitoring populations, tracking movements, and identifying potential threats, thus facilitating timely conservation actions. Furthermore, the research extends its evaluation by comparing the results of the machine learning approach with traditional ecological survey methods, offering a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of image processing in wildlife conservation. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Invertebrates

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