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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zeng, Xianlong Gao, Yijing Liu, Ang Song, Fanghao Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ohio University AthensOH45701 United States Data Science Institute Brown University ProvidenceRI02912 United States Global Urban Studies Program Rutgers University New BrunswickNJ08901 United States

This study introduces a simple yet effective method for identifying similar data points across non-free text domains, such as tabular and image data, using Large Language Models (LLMs). Our two-step approach involves data point summarization and hidden state extraction. Initially, data is condensed via summarization using an LLM, reducing complexity and highlighting essential information in sentences. Subsequently, the summarization sentences are fed through another LLM to extract hidden states, serving as compact, feature-rich representations. This approach leverages the advanced comprehension and generative capabilities of LLMs, offering a scalable and efficient strategy for similarity identification across diverse datasets. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in identifying similar data points on multiple datasets. Additionally, our approach enables non-technical domain experts, such as fraud investigators or marketing operators, to quickly identify similar data points tailored to specific scenarios, demonstrating its utility in practical applications. In general, our results open new avenues for leveraging LLMs in data analysis across various domains. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

Unbiased Parameter Estimation for Bayesian Inverse Problems

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Chada, Neil K. Jasra, Ajay Maama, Mohamed Tempone, Raul Department of Mathematics City University of Hong Kong China School of Data Science The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen CN Shenzhen China Applied Mathematics and Computational Science Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia

In this paper we consider the estimation of unknown parameters in Bayesian inverse problems. In most cases of practical interest, there are several barriers to performing such estimation, This includes a numerical approximation of a solution of a differential equation and, even if exact solutions are available, an analytical intractability of the marginal likelihood and its associated gradient, which is used for parameter estimation. The focus of this article is to deliver unbiased estimates of the unknown parameters, that is, stochastic estimators that, in expectation, are equal to the maximizer of the marginal likelihood, and possess no numerical approximation error. Based upon the ideas of [4] we develop a new approach for unbiased parameter estimation for Bayesian inverse problems. We prove unbiasedness and establish numerically that the associated estimation procedure is faster than the current state-of-the-art methodology for this problem. We demonstrate the performance of our methodology on a range of problems which include a PDE and ODE. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Markov processes

Bayesian Inference for Non-Synchronously Observed Diffusions

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Jasra, Ajay Kamatani, Kengo Wu, Amin School of Data Science The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Shenzhen China Institute of Statistical Mathematics Tokyo190-0014 Japan Statistics Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia

We consider the problem of Bayesian inference for bi-variate data observed in time but with observation times which occur non-synchronously. In particular, this occurs in a wide variety of applications in finance, such as high-frequency trading or crude oil futures trading. We adopt a diffusion model for the data and formulate a Bayesian model with priors on unknown parameters along with a latent representation for the the so-called missing data. We then consider computational methodology to fit the model using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). We have to resort to time-discretization methods as the complete data likelihood is intractable and this can cause considerable issues for MCMC when the data are observed in low frequencies. In a high frequency observation frequencies we present a simple particle MCMC method based on an Euler–Maruyama time discretization, which can be enhanced using multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC). In the low frequency observation regime we introduce a novel bridging representation of the posterior in continuous time to deal with the issues of MCMC in this case. This representation is discretized and fitted using MCMC and MLMC. We apply our methodology to real and simulated data to establish the efficacy of our methodology. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Crude oil

Sample Complexity of Kernel-Based Q-Learning

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Yeh, Sing-Yuan Chang, Fu-Chieh Yueh, Chang-Wei Wu, Pei-Yuan Bernacchia, Alberto Vakili, Sattar MediaTek Research Graduate Program of Data Science National Taiwan University Academia Sinica Taiwan Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering National Taiwan University Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taiwan

Modern reinforcement learning (RL) often faces an enormous state-action space. Existing analytical results are typically for settings with a small number of state-actions, or simple models such as linearly modeled Q-functions. To derive statistically efficient RL policies handling large state-action spaces, with more general Q-functions, some recent works have considered nonlinear function approximation using kernel ridge regression. In this work, we derive sample complexities for kernel based Q-learning when a generative model exists. We propose a nonparametric Q-learning algorithm which finds an ǫ-optimal policy in an arbitrarily large scale discounted MDP. The sample complexity of the proposed algorithm is order optimal with respect to ǫ and the complexity of the kernel (in terms of its information gain). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first result showing a finite sample complexity under such a general model. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

Additive Poisson regression via forced categorical covariates and generalized fused Lasso 27

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Additive Poisson regression via forced categorical covariate...

27th International Conference on Knowledge Based and Intelligent Information and engineering Sytems, KES 2023

作者： Yamamura, Mariko Ohishi, Mineaki Yanagihara, Hirokazu Department of Statistics Radiation Effects Research Foundation 5-2 Hijiyama Park Minami-ku Hiroshima732-0815 Japan Center for Data-driven Science and Artificial Intelligence Tohoku University 41 Kawauchi Aoba-ku Miyagi Sendai980-8576 Japan Mathematics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima739-8526 Japan

In this study, we use the log-linear link function and propose a generalized fused Lasso (GFL) Poisson regression model in which the nonlinear trend is discretely represented by categorical covariates in the additive model. We use the coordinate descent algorithm for the estimation and show that the optimal solution in a coordinate axis can be found explicitly. To demonstrate the proposed approach, we analyze Japanese crime data. Simulation results showed a fitness ratio for true fusion to be more than 90% in total, demonstrating the reliability of the estimates. © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0)

关键词： Additive Poisson regression Coordinate descent algorithm Generalized fused Lasso Spatio-temporal analysis

A Hydrodynamic Analysis of Water System in Dadahup Swamp Irrigation Area 1

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A Hydrodynamic Analysis of Water System in Dadahup Swamp Irr...

1st International Conference on Computer science and Artificial Intelligence, ICCSAI 2021

作者： Purboseno, Sentot Suparyanto, Teddy Hidayat, Alam Ahmad Pardamean, Bens Institute of Agriculture STIPER Department of Agricultural Engineering Yogyakarta55283 Indonesia Bina Nusantara University Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Jakarta11480 Indonesia Bina Nusantara University Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center BINUS Graduate Program-Master of Computer Science Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781728133331

Dadahup Swamp Irrigation Area (DIR) in Kapuas Regency, Central Kalimantan is developed for agricultural activities to provide food security after the pandemic. The water system consists of various channels, gates, and a flood embankment structure, which is also connected to three different rivers: Barito River, Mangkatif River, and Kapuas Mumpung River. To quantify flood risk assessments in the area, we perform a hydrodynamic analysis using the unsteady flow method via HEC-RAS software version 4.1.0. We use geometrical profiles from topography measurements and the outer boundary of the Dadahup DIR as input for the hydrologic model. Our results estimate the maximum surface water level from both cross and longitudinal sections in the channels and find that several points near the flood embankment area are prone to flood events. Our modeling approach provides a preliminary assessment for the local government to formulate a flood mitigation plan and policy in the area. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Rivers

Ultrasound for the degradation of endocrine disrupting compounds in aqueous solution: A review on mechanisms, influence of operating parameters and cost estimation

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Chemosphere 2024年 349卷 140864页

作者： Ghosh, Saptarshi Sahu, Manoranjan Aerosol and Nanoparticle Technology Laboratory Environmental Science and Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai400076 India Inter-Disciplinary Program in Climate Studies Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai400076 India Centre for Machine Intelligence and Data Science Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai400076 India

Availability of drinking water is one of the basic humanitarian goals but remains as a grand challenge that the world is facing today. Currently, water bodies are contaminated not only with conventional pollutants but also with numerous recalcitrant pollutants, such as PPCPs, endocrine disrupting compounds, etc. These emerging pollutants require special attention because of their toxicity to living organisms, bio-resistant and can sustain even after primary and secondary treatments of wastewater. Among different treatment technologies, sonolysis is found to be an innovative and promising technique for the treatment of emerging pollutants present in aqueous solution. Sonolysis is the use of ultrasound to enhance or alter chemical reactions by the formation of free radicals and shock waves which ultimately helps in degradation of pollutants. This review summarizes several studies in the sonochemical literature, including mechanisms of sonochemical process, physical and chemical effects of ultrasound, and the influence of several process variables such as ultrasound frequency, power density, temperature and pH of the medium on degradation performance for endocrine disrupting compounds. In addition, this review highlighted techno-economic perspectives focusing on the total cost required for translating the ultrasound-based processes on a large scale. Overall, the objective of this study is to exhibit a critical review of information available in the literature to encourage and promote future research on sonolysis for the degradation of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDCs). © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Wastewater treatment

Impact of CLAHE-based image enhancement for diabetic retinopathy classification through deep learning 7

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Impact of CLAHE-based image enhancement for diabetic retinop...

7th International Conference on Computer science and Computational Intelligence, CSCI 2022

作者： Hayati, Mira Muchtar, Kahlil Roslidar Maulina, Novi Syamsuddin, Irfan Elwirehardja, Gregorius Natanael Pardamean, Bens Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Faculty of Medicine Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Department of Computer and Networking Engineering Politeknik Negeri Ujung Pandang Makassar90245 Indonesia Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta 11480 Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program-Master of Computer Science Program Bina Nusantara University Jakarta 11480 Indonesia

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a type of diabetes mellitus that attacks the retina of the eye. DR will cause patients to experience blindness slowly. Generally, DR can be detected by using a special instrument called an ophthalmoscope to view the inside of the eyeball. However, in conditions where there is a very small difference between the normal image and the DR image, computer-based assistance is needed for maximizing image reading value. In this research, a method of image quality improvement will be carried out which will then be integrated with a classification algorithm based on deep learning. The results of image improvement using Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) shows that the average accuracy of the method on several models is very competitive, 91% for the VGG16 model, 95% for InceptionV3, and 97% for EfficientNet compared to the results original image which only has an accuracy of 87% for VGG16 model, 90% for InceptionV3 model, and 95% for EfficientNet. However, in ResNet34 better accuracy is obtained in the original image with an accuracy of 95% while in the CLAHE image the accuracy value is only 84%. The results of this comprehensive evaluation and recommendation of famous backbone networks can be useful in the computer-Aided diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image enhancement

Comparative analysis of deep learning models for detecting face mask 7

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Comparative analysis of deep learning models for detecting f...

7th International Conference on Computer science and Computational Intelligence, CSCI 2022

作者： Ramadhan, M. Vickya Muchtar, Kahlil Nurdin, Yudha Oktiana, Maulisa Fitria, Maya Maulina, Novi Elwirehardja, Gregorius Natanael Pardamean, Bens Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Microbiology Department School of Medicine Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta 11480 Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program-Master of Computer Science Program Bina Nusantara University Jakarta 11480 Indonesia

The spread of Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) in Indonesia is still relatively high and has not shown a significant decrease. One of the main reasons is due to the lack of supervision on the implementation of health protocols such as wearing masks in daily activities. Recently, state-of-The-Art algorithms were introduced to automate face mask detection. To be more specific, the researchers developed various kinds of architectures for the detection of masks based on computer vision methods. This paper aims to evaluate well-known architectures, namely the ResNet50, VGG11, InceptionV3, EfficientNetB4, and YOLO (You Only Look Once) to recommend the best approach in this specific field. By using the MaskedFace-Net dataset, the experimental results showed that the EfficientNetB4 architecture has better accuracy at 95.77% compared to the YOLOv4 architecture of 93.40%, InceptionV3 of 87.30%, YOLOv3 of 86.35%, ResNet50 of 84.41%, VGG11 of 84.38%, and YOLOv2 of 78.75%, respectively. It should be noted that particularly for YOLO, the model was trained using a collection of MaskedFace-Net images that had been pre-processed and labelled for the task. The model was initially able to train faster with pre-Trained weights from the COCO dataset thanks to transfer learning, resulting in a robust set of features expected for face mask detection and classification. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Face recognition