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Improving Multi-model Anomaly Traffic Detection in MEC Networks with Large-Model-powered Continuous Learning

IEEE Network 2025年第3期39卷 56-62页

作者： Zhang, Junjie Chen, Zheyi Cheng, Hongju Li, Jie Min, Geyong Fuzhou University College of Computer and Data Science China Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Computer Science and Engineering China University of Exeter Department of Computer Science China

Anomaly traffic detection offers essential technical support for securing Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) networks. The emerging Large Model (LM) has attracted much attention for their excellent data generation and processing capabilities, but it is difficult to deploy LM-based detection models in resource-constrained MEC networks. Existing solutions usually compress large models into tiny ones, but they tend to be impacted by data drift, resulting in decreased detection accuracy. To address this key challenge, we propose CL4Det, a novel multi-model anomaly traffic detection framework with LM-powered continuous learning, where the tiny models deployed in MEC networks can achieve the desired performance comparable to the large models via continuous retraining. Specifically, CL4Det periodically evaluates the model performance degradation caused by data drift in MEC networks and decides whether to generate retraining tasks and their configurations. Meanwhile, CL4Det schedules all traffic detection and retraining tasks with proper resource allocation, aiming to ensure real-time detection and maximize model accuracy. A case study with real-world traffic datasets verifies the effectiveness and superiority of CL4Det. Finally, we outline the challenges and future directions to fully exploit the collaborative potentials of MEC networks and LM in anomaly traffic detection. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Resource allocation

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Comparative Model Evaluation of Lightweight Transformer-Based and CNN-Based Architechture for Degenerative Lumbar Spine Classification

Comparative Model Evaluation of Lightweight Transformer-Base...

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2025 International Conference on Advancement in data science, E-learning and Information System, ICADEIS 2025

作者： Limicia, Jennifer Ardelia Chandra, Wilbert Gunawan, Alexander Agung Santoso Tedjasulaksana, Jeffrey Junior School of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Data Science Program Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia School of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331513320

Low back pain is a leading cause of disability globally, is often associated with degenerative lumbar spine conditions. Accurate diagnosis of these conditions is critical but challenging due to the subjective nature of MRI interpretation and the weak correlation between imaging findings and symptoms. Thus, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of CNN-based architectures (VGG-16, EfficientNetB0, EfficientNetV2) and transformer-based architecture specifically Vision Transformers (ViT) in classifying lumbar spine conditions as normal, moderate, or severe. Using the RSNA 2024 Lumbar Spine Degenerative Classification dataset. The models are evaluated using the ROC-AUC and PRAUC as the performance metrics due to the dataset imbalance. Results indicate that EfficientNetB0 achieved the highest overall performance, with an average ROC-AUC of 0.784 and PR-AUC of 0.528, demonstrating strong adaptability to imbalanced datasets. EfficientNetV2 also performed competitively, while VGG-16 showed moderate effectiveness. The Vision Transformer (ViT), however, underperformed due to its reliance on larger datasets and challenges in capturing fine-grained spatial features. The findings highlight the potential of EfficientNet-based models for accurate and efficient lumbar spine diagnostics. This study underscores the potential of advanced deep learning approaches in improving diagnostic workflows for degenerative lumbar spine conditions. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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A survey on cross-user federated recommendation

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年第4期68卷 7-32页

作者： Enyue YANG Yudi XIONG Wei YUAN Weike PAN Qiang YANG Zhong MING College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Queensland WeBank AI Lab WeBank Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology College of Big Data and Internet Shenzhen Technology University Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ)

Recommender systems are effective in mitigating information overload, yet the centralized storage of user data raises significant privacy concerns. Cross-user federated recommendation(CUFR) provides a promising distributed paradigm to address these concerns by enabling privacy-preserving recommendations directly on user devices. In this survey, we review and categorize current progress in CUFR, focusing on four key aspects: privacy, security, accuracy, and efficiency. Firstly,we conduct an in-depth privacy analysis, discuss various cases of privacy leakage, and then review recent methods for privacy protection. Secondly, we analyze security concerns and review recent methods for untargeted and targeted *** untargeted attack methods, we categorize them into data poisoning attack methods and parameter poisoning attack methods. For targeted attack methods, we categorize them into user-based methods and item-based methods. Thirdly,we provide an overview of the federated variants of some representative methods, and then review the recent methods for improving accuracy from two categories: data heterogeneity and high-order information. Fourthly, we review recent methods for improving training efficiency from two categories: client sampling and model compression. Finally, we conclude this survey and explore some potential future research topics in CUFR.

关键词： cross-user federated recommendation federated recommendation federated learning recommender systems user privacy

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Identification of Human Activity from Video Streaming Smartphone data Using Intensified VGG16

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International Journal of Engineering, Transactions B: Applications 2025年第6期38卷 1340-1352页

作者： Yadav, R.K. Daniel, A. Semwal, V.B. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amity University Gwalior India Data Science and Engineering Manipal University Jaipur India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Maulana Azad National Institute Technology Bhopal India

Human activity recognition (HAR) techniques pick out and interpret human behaviors and actions by analyzing data gathered from various sensor devices. HAR aims to recognize and automatically categorize human activities using patterns and attributes taken from sensor data. HAR is complex in implementing the algorithm for a self-recorded dataset, including challenges such as age variation, wearing different clothes, environment and surface, the direction of the smartphone camera, and many more. The paper aims to propose a VGG16 deep learning framework including an activation function and different optimizers for classifying human activity from the real-time captured dataset;further, we compare the evaluated results with existing results. The proposed methods achieved 99.88% accuracy with excellent precision, recall, and F_measure values. Comparing the evaluated result with existing outcomes over the WISDM and UCI-HAR datasets. The new things in the article are a self-captured dataset of various aged male, female, and healthy volunteers to perform seven activities. Furthermore, this research uses Tensor Processing Units (TPU) available on Kaggle to improve classification accuracy while reducing error rates and speeding up execution. ©2025 The author(s).

关键词： Smartphones

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CoverGAN: cover photo generation from text story using layout guided GAN

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Soft Computing 2025年第1期29卷 405-423页

作者： Cheema, Adeel Naeem, M. Asif Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences Islamabad Pakistan

Generating cover photos from story text is a non trivial challenge to solve. Existing approaches focus on generating only images from given text prompt. To the best of our knowledge, non of these approaches focus on generating cover photos from a text story. The paper addresses this issue by introducing multi-object image generation with text title from a text story. We split the problem into three steps:- understanding semantics of text story, predicting layout of objects, and generating a cover photo. At start, a semantic relation was encoded between text story objects using a Scene graph, then features from graph neural network were concatenated with single object features from scene graph to create an object layout. All of these features were then passed on to the image generating part. Image generation was further divided into two phases. In the first phase, the image is generated using a scene graph image generation model. While in the second phase, the results of first phase were further enhanced using image translation model conditioned on the object layout. In final phase we generated title of the given story based on generated image. In our experiments, we used custom dataset of text stories with three animal categories along with the COCO dataset. For the image generating part, we evaluated our approach with state of the art models known as scene_gen and sg2im. Our method generated high-resolution informative cover photo with story title by positioning the objects at right locations as specified in the text story. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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Stylometry-driven framework for Urdu intrinsic plagiarism detection: a comprehensive analysis using machine learning, deep learning, and large language models

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第9期37卷 6479-6513页

作者： Manzoor, Muhammad Faraz Farooq, Muhammad Shoaib Abid, Adnan Department of Computer Science University of Management and Technology Lahore Pakistan Department of Data Science Faculty of Computing and Information Technology University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan

Detecting plagiarism in documents is a well-established task in natural language processing (NLP). Broadly, plagiarism detection is categorized into two types (1) intrinsic: to check the whole document or all the passages have been written by a single author;(2) extrinsic: where a suspicious document is compared with a given set of source documents to figure out sentences or phrases which appear in both documents. In the pursuit of advancing intrinsic plagiarism detection, this study addresses the critical challenge of intrinsic plagiarism detection in Urdu texts, a language with limited resources for comprehensive language models. Acknowledging the absence of sophisticated large language models (LLMs) tailored for Urdu language, this study explores the application of various machine learning, deep learning, and language models in a novel framework. A set of 43 stylometry features at six granularity levels was meticulously curated, capturing linguistic patterns indicative of plagiarism. The selected models include traditional machine learning approaches such as logistic regression, decision trees, SVM, KNN, Naive Bayes, gradient boosting and voting classifier, deep learning approaches: GRU, BiLSTM, CNN, LSTM, MLP, and large language models: BERT and GPT-2. This research systematically categorizes these features and evaluates their effectiveness, addressing the inherent challenges posed by the limited availability of Urdu-specific language models. Two distinct experiments were conducted to evaluate the impact of the proposed features on classification accuracy. In experiment one, the entire dataset was utilized for classification into intrinsic plagiarized and non-plagiarized documents. Experiment two categorized the dataset into three types based on topics: moral lessons, national celebrities, and national events. Both experiments are thoroughly evaluated through, a fivefold cross-validation analysis. The results show that the random forest classifier achieved an ex

关键词： Deep learning

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Novel Reliability Indicators From the Perspective of data Center Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Reliability 2025年第1期74卷 2459-2472页

作者： Zhuang, Hongbin Li, Xiao-Yan Lin, Cheng-Kuan Liu, Ximeng Jia, Xiaohua Fuzhou University College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou350108 China National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Department of Computer Science Hsinchu300 Taiwan City University of Hong Kong Department of Computer Science Kowloon Tong Hong Kong

Modern large-scale computing systems always demand better connectivity indicators for reliability evaluation. However, as more processing units have been rapidly incorporated into emerging computing systems, existing indicators (e.g., -component edge connectivity and -extra edge connectivity) have gradually failed to provide the required fault tolerance. In addition, these indicators require, for example, that the faulty network should have at least components (or that each component should have at least nodes). These fault assumptions are not flexible enough to deal with diversified structural demands in practice circumstances. In order to address these challenges simultaneously, this article proposes two novel indicators for network reliability by utilizing the partition matroid technique, named matroidal connectivity and conditional matroidal connectivity. We first investigate the accurate values of (conditional) matroidal connectivity of k -ary n -cube Qnk, which is an appealing option as the underlying topology for modern parallel computing systems. Moreover, we propose an O(kn-1) algorithm for determining structural features of minimum edge sets whose cardinality is the conditional matroidal connectivity of Qnk. Simulation results are presented to verify our algorithm's correctness and further investigate the distribution pattern of edge sets subject to the restriction of partition matroid. We also present comparative analyses illustrating the superior edge fault tolerance of our findings in relation to prior research, which even exhibits an exponential enhancement when k ≥ 4. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Fault tolerance

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Optimized Neural Network for Automated Cardiovascular Disease Classification: Meta-heuristic Enabled Model

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SN computer science 2025年第1期6卷 1-14页

作者： Kusuma, S. Jothi, K.R. Department of Computer Science & Engineering (Data Science) Madanapalle Institute of Technology & Science Madanapalle India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India

Cardiovascular disease remains a major issue for mortality and morbidity, making accurate classification crucial. This paper introduces a novel heart disease classification model utilizing Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. The model consists of two main steps: feature extraction using a refined Lion Algorithm with New Mutated evaluation (LA-NM) and classification through an ensemble approach combined with a Neural Network (NN). The proposed model significantly outperforms traditional classifiers. At 80% training data, it achieves accuracy improvements of 8.4% to 3.11% over Neural Network (NN), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), and ensemble models. At 90% training data, it shows precision improvements ranging from 1.03% to 0.31% better than the comparison models and specificity improvements ranging from 13.92% to 0.52%. These results underscore the effectiveness of the model and suggest its potential for further development in personalized treatment recommendations based on patient history. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Ensemble models Feature extraction Heart disease classification Neural network Optimization

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FaVEL: Fact Validation Ensemble Learning 24th

FaVEL: Fact Validation Ensemble Learning

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24th International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management, EKAW 2024

作者： Qudus, Umair Pekarou, Franck Lionel Tatkeu da Silva, Ana Alexandra Morim Röder, Michael Ngomo, Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Data Science Group Department of Computer Science Paderborn University Paderborn Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031777912

Validating assertions before adding them to a knowledge graph is an essential part of its creation and maintenance. Due to the sheer size of knowledge graphs, automatic fact-checking approaches have been developed. These approaches rely on reference knowledge to decide whether a given assertion is correct. Recent hybrid approaches achieve good results by including several knowledge sources. However, it is often impractical to provide a sheer quantity of textual knowledge or generate embedding models to leverage these hybrid approaches. We present FaVEL, an approach that uses algorithm selection and ensemble learning to amalgamate several existing fact-checking approaches that rely solely on a reference knowledge graph and, hence, use fewer resources than current hybrid approaches. For our evaluation, we create updated versions of two existing datasets and a new dataset dubbed FaVEL-DS. Our evaluation compares our approach to 15 fact-checking approaches—including the state-of-the-art approach HybridFC—on 3 datasets. Our results demonstrate that FaVEL outperforms all other approaches significantly by at least 0.04 in terms of the area under the ROC curve. Our source code, datasets, and evaluation results are open-source and can be found at https://***/dice-group/favel. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Knowledge graph

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A Novel Approach to Cloud Security: Publicly Verifiable Remote Signcryption Framework

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第10期12卷 14828-14844页

作者： Ali, Mohammad Liu, Ximeng Amirkabir University of Technology Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Tehran Iran Fuzhou University Key Laboratory of Information Security of Network Systems College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou350108 China

In communication systems, ensuring both data integrity and confidentiality is crucial. Traditional methods, such as encryption and signature schemes, handle these aspects separately, leading to inefficiencies. Signcryption techniques, which address both requirements simultaneously, present a more efficient alternative. Nonetheless, they are unsuitable for cloud storage systems due to their reliance on original files for data auditing. Remote data integrity checking (RDIC) methods resolve this issue but compromise data confidentiality. To bridge the gap between signcryption and RDIC approaches, remote signcryption (RSC) has been proposed. However, existing RSC methods lack support for public auditing, rendering data auditing non-outsourcable. This paper introduces publicly verifiable remote signcryption (PVRSC) to address this shortcoming and presents the first concrete PVRSC scheme with public verifiability. We define the security model for PVRSC and prove its robustness based on the hardness of the Bilinear Diffie-Hellman (BDH) problem. Our implementation on real data shows that PVRSC significantly outperforms existing methods, achieving speeds up to 100 times faster and reducing communication costs by half compared to RDIC methods. For outsourced data up to 5MB, PVRSC maintains a communication cost below 8KB during data recovery, a substantial improvement over classical signcryption approaches, which exceed 5MB. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Cloud security

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