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5th International Symposium on Signal and Image Processing, ISSIP 2024

作者： Gupta, Ritwika Das Chatterjee, Soham Latifi, Shpetim Behera, Tapan Kumar Department of Statistics and Data Science CHRIST Deemed to be University Bangalore India Department of Computer Science AAB College Pristina Kosovo Technical Architect Independent Researcher BostonMA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9789819795147

The important role that exploratory data analysis, or EDA, plays in the context of diabetes prediction is explored in this work. EDA is used as a key component of a multimodal strategy to identify unique characteristics linked to diabetes. EDA offers insights that aid in the creation of prediction models by sifting through the complex patterns present in the medical data. The focus is on using EDA to fully grasp the data landscape while also comprehending the distinct features of diabetes. This investigation is critical to accurately categorizing people into discrete risk groups and emphasizes the use of domain-specific knowledge in enhancing diabetes prediction techniques. The research suggests using specific EDA techniques to gain deep insights and lead proactive responses. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Biomedical engineering

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Efficient Plant Disease Detection using K-Means clustering and DenseNet-based Classification 3

Efficient Plant Disease Detection using K-Means clustering a...

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3rd International Conference on Electronics and Renewable Systems, ICEARS 2025

作者： Yashodha, G. Rajakumar, B. Krishnamoorthy, M. Surendran, R. Kg College of Arts and Science Department of Computer Technology Coimbatore641035 India J.N.N. Institute of Engineering Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Chennai601102 India Panimalar Engineering College Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai600 123 India Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai India

ISBN: (数字)9798331509675

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509675

Early detection is vital in crop health, yet improvement in productivity faces time-consuming and inefficient challenges due to traditional manual techniques of plant disease detection. Thus, we present a deep learning-based novel framework with a method called k-means clustering with DenseNet Classification denoted by Kmc-Densenet. The approach streamlines this plant disease detection process involving the overall pipeline of extensive preprocessing, segmentation, and classification. In the preprocessing stage, we employ contrast enhancement techniques to improve the visibility of disease symptoms, ensuring clearer and more consistent leaf images for further analysis. For the segmentation task, we leverage a k-means clustering which effectively isolates regions of interest, distinguishing between healthy and diseased areas of the plant leaf. In the classification stage, we use a DenseNet variant of CNN, known for its feature reuse capabilities, to classify the plant diseases with high accuracy. The DenseNet model helps overcome the challenges posed by class imbalance, enhancing the overall detection performance. Finally the parameters of the Densenet model is fine-tuned using the Lyrebird Optimization Algorithm. The proposed Kmc-Densenet method is evaluated on the publicly available Plant village dataset, demonstrating superior performance in both segmentation and classification tasks. This framework offers a more efficient and reliable solution for early plant disease detection in precision agriculture, with potential applications in improving crop yield and quality. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： K-means clustering

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Artificial intelligence algorithms for object detection and recognition in video and images

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-18页

作者： Dakshinamoorthy, Prabakar Rajaram, Gnanajeyaraman garg, Shruti Murugan, Prabhu Manimaran, A. Sundar, Ramesh Department of Data Science and Business System School of Computing SRM Institute of Science and Technology SRM Nagar Kattankulathur Chennai India Department of Computer Science Engineering Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Tamilnadu Chennai India Birla Institute of Technology Mesra Ranchi India Department of ECE Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai602105 India Department of Computer Science Engineering Saveetha School Of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai6021055 India Department of Netwoking and Communication School of Computing SRM Institute of Science and Technology SRM Nagar Kattankulathur Chennai India

The usage of machine learning and deep learning algorithms have necessitated Artificial Intelligence'. AI is aimed at automating things by limiting human interference. It is widely used in IT, healthcare, finance, and agriculture. It is achieved through several deep learning algorithms that reflect the human brain's intelligence. These AI algorithms can be manipulated according to changing needs and improved efficiency. This paper tries to utilize the developments made in AI technology to classify the images and recognize the objects present in them. One widely used AI algorithm is CNN (Convolutional Neural Networks). The CNN is a deep learning-based algorithm that consists of various layers that extract and filters the parameters present in the images. Some additional layers of ResNet50 and the CNN algorithm are used to extract the parameters to improve image recognition accuracy. The image dataset taken for training and testing the proposed model is imageNet. The images are initially processed before sending them to the proposed model. The proposed model is trained, validated, and tested through the images obtained after the initial processing. The same process is repeated several times until getting the maximum accuracy. The accuracy of the proposed model in terms of image recognition is recorded. The obtained results are compared with other image classification algorithms like VGG16 and VGG19. It is concluded that the proposed model outperforms other traditional methods in terms of accuracy. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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A novel approach for image retrieval in remote sensing using vision-language-based image caption generation

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第6期84卷 2985-3014页

作者： Yadav, Prem Shanker Tyagi, Dinesh Kumar Vipparthi, Santosh Kumar Department of Computer Science and Engineering Malaviya National Institute of Technology Rajasthan Jaipur302017 India School of Artificial Intelligence and Data Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Punjab Rupnagar140001 India

Recent advancements in satellite technologies have resulted in the emergence of Remote Sensing (RS) images. Hence, the primary imperative research domain is designing a precise retrieval model for retrieving the most pertinent images based on the query. Present Remote Sensing Image Retrieval (RSIR) systems use visual descriptors to characterize the primitives (such as various land-cover types) that are visible in the images. However, the visual descriptors are inadequate for defining the complicated content of RS images. To solve this problem, a new model is devised for image retrieval based on image captions. The goal is to generate textual illustrations with captions to define relations amongst objects precisely. Here, image captioning is attained based on the vision-language pre-training model. The image captions are utilized for generating features like term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF), length of text, and Bag of Words. Meanwhile, query text is utilized wherein features like TF-IDF, text length, and Bag of Words are obtained. The similarity between query text features and the image captions features has been computed on the basis of a hybrid similarity measure wherein weights are tuned with the proposed Honey Badger Political Optimizer (HBPO) to retrieve the image. The proposed HBPO provided enhanced efficiency with elevated precision of 93.3%, recall of 93.7%, F1-score of 93.5%, and Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation (ROUGE) of 0.441. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Visual languages

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The Hidden Influence of Latent Feature Magnitude When Learning with Imbalanced data 4th

The Hidden Influence of Latent Feature Magnitude When Learn...

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4th International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence, ICPRAI 2024

作者： Dablain, Damien A. Chawla, Nitesh V. Department Computer Science and Lucy Family Institute for Data and Society University of Notre Dame Notre DameIN46553 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9789819787012

Machine learning (ML) models have difficulty generalizing when the number of training class instances are numerically imbalanced. The problem of generalization in the face of data imbalance has largely been attributed to the lack of training data for under-represented classes and to feature overlap. The typical remedy is to implement data augmentation for classes with fewer instances or to assign a higher cost to minority class prediction errors or to undersample the prevalent class. However, we show that one of the central causes of impaired generalization when learning with imbalanced data is the inherent manner in which ML models perform inference. These models have difficulty generalizing due to their heavy reliance on the magnitude of encoded signals. During inference, the models predict classes based on a combination of encoded signal magnitudes that linearly sum to the largest scalar. We demonstrate that even with aggressive data augmentation, which generally improves minority class prediction accuracy, parametric ML models still associate a class label with a limited number of feature combinations that sum to a prediction, which can affect generalization. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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computer Vision and Deep Learning-Based Model for Detecting Spoofed Faces in Images 2nd

Computer Vision and Deep Learning-Based Model for Detectin...

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2nd International Conference on data science and Network Engineering, ICDSNE 2024

作者： Salian, Gayathri P Rao, Manasa K Rashmi, M. Department of Data Science and Computer Applications Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Academy of Higher Education Karnataka Manipal576104 India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819783359

In the modern era of smart applications, video data is critically important in various contexts. In most of these applications, cameras are frequently incorporated to facilitate authentication. As a result, face recognition is the biometric method most frequently employed to authenticate users in these applications. The vulnerability of face recognition systems to spoofing attacks grows in tandem with their increased usage. As a result, robust countermeasures are required. This paper presents an approach to face anti-spoofing through transfer learning and YOLOv8 optimization. Additionally, a custom dataset was constructed using images obtained from web cameras and an existing dataset to assess the proposed work’s real-time effectiveness. The proposed approach also adds a blurriness threshold during image capture to improve performance. With a mean Average Precision (mAP50) of 0.975, the experimental outcomes highlight the model’s effectiveness in detecting face spoofing. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Biometrics

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Comments on a Key Agreement Scheme for the V2G System 14th

Comments on a Key Agreement Scheme for the V2G System

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14th International Conference on Frontier Computing, FC 2024

作者： Chang, Ya-Fen Chang, Wen-Ting Tai, Wei-Liang Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taichung University of Science and Technology Taichung Taiwan Bachelor Degree Program of Artificial Intelligence National Taichung University of Science and Technology Taichung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819623945

Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology supporting bidirectional power transfer allows electric vehicles (EVs) to contribute and consume energy bidirectionally. Because the specific properties and requirements of V2G, Khan et al. proposed a key agreement scheme for the V2G system to ensure the security of communication between a vehicle user and the grid server. However, after analyzing Khan et al.’s scheme, we find that it suffers from some flaws such that it cannot ensure anonymity, resist impersonation attack, man-in-the-middle attack and denial-of-service attack, and work as expected. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Anonymity

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Introducing the Hyperdynamic Adaptive Learning Fusion (HALF) model for superior predictive analytics in E-learning

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年 1-21页

作者： Islam, Umar Alali, Ibrahim Khalil Alotaibi, Shoayee Dlaim Alzaid, Zaid Shah, Babar Ali, Ijaz Moreira, Fernando Department of Computer Science IQRA National University Swat Campus Peshawar Pakistan Department of Instructional Technology Jouf University Sakaka Saudi Arabia Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science University of Hail Hail Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computer Science and Information Systems Islamic University of Madinah Madinah42351 Saudi Arabia College of Technological Innovation Zayed University Dubai United Arab Emirates REMIT Portucalense University & IEETA Aveiro University Aveiro Portugal

Today’s complex world is defined by digital changes in educational paradigms to which E-learning has contributed significantly, and as such, accurate prediction methods are needed for student performance modeling. In this paper a new and complex model is proposed, namely the Hyperdynamic Adaptive Learning Fusion (HALF) model that leverages adaptive computing paradigms and artificial intelligence to build a fusion of learning that adapts to the new learning patterns. Many conventional predictive models employ linear and simplistic relationships to predict an outcome from an input;hence, they fail to decompose complex and heterogenic data patterns of educational data and also suffer from scalability issues for dealing with large volumes of data. To overcome these issues, the HALF model employs the relevant ensemble learning algorithms that consist of bagging, boosting, and an innovative adaptive fusion strategy that integrates base and adaptive models to achieve higher accuracy and resilience in the latter. In doing so, and by adopting the scientific method of working on trials and errors and rigorous assessment employing a database derived from the Open University VLE, the investigation presented in this paper provides compelling evidence of the HALF model’s superior efficacy, which yields an accuracy of 87%. 2%, precision of 85. 4% It has been proved that 3% of all students have significant learning disabilities, while the recall value is 89. 1%, surpassing traditional methods. The model’s equation can be easily applied to any variety of courses and of students, which makes it highly beneficial to educators and administrators;at the same time, the model is highly interpretable. Therefore, HALF model proves to be a revolutionary addition to the current kind of statistical modeling in E-learning that depicts student engagement pattern into more precise and accurate form, reduce biases in all way possible and provides solution that might help to improve the course outc

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Semi-Supervised Deep Learning Based Method for Abnormality Detection in Videos 1

Semi-Supervised Deep Learning Based Method for Abnormality D...

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1st International Conference on Advances in computer science, Electrical, Electronics, and Communication Technologies, CE2CT 2025

作者： Chaudhary, Deevesh Kumar, Sunil Dhaka, Vijaypal Singh Manipal University Jaipur Department of Data Science and Engineering Jaipur India Manipal University Jaipur Department of Computer Communication and Engineering Jaipur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331518578

Anomaly detection refers to recognition of events different from normal ones for example road accident, fight, robbery, arsenal etc. Anomaly identification in real world surveillance videos is an important application of computer vision. The work proposed in the paper detects anomalous events in surveillance videos dataset and is based upon semi supervised deep learning model. We trained the model using UCF Crime dataset that consists of 950 normal videos and 950 anomalous videos. The anomaly videos in the dataset consists of 13 different types of anomalies such as Abuse, arrest, explosion, fight etc. that generally occur in real life. The anomaly in the dataset is labelled at video level and not at a specific frame in a video to define the semi supervised nature of learning paradigm. The extracted 3D features from dataset are fed into the multilayered deep learning model. Experimental results show that our approach has significant improvement over state-of-the-art approaches for anomaly detection in surveillance videos. The accuracy of model comes out to be 83.96 percent, that is improvement over other methods. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Self-supervised learning

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Bridging Optimal Transport and Jacobian Regularization by Optimal Trajectory for Enhanced Adversarial Defense 17th

Bridging Optimal Transport and Jacobian Regularization by ...

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17th Asian Conference on computer Vision, ACCV 2024

作者： M. Le, Binh Tariq, Shahroz S. Woo, Simon Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Korea Republic of CSIRO’s Data61 Sydney Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9789819609628

Deep neural networks, particularly in vision tasks, are notably susceptible to adversarial perturbations. To overcome this challenge, developing a robust classifier is crucial. In light of the recent advancements in the robustness of classifiers, we delve deep into the intricacies of adversarial training and Jacobian regularization, two pivotal defenses. Our work is the first carefully analyzes and characterizes these two schools of approaches, both theoretically and empirically, to demonstrate how each approach impacts the robust learning of a classifier. Next, we propose our novel Optimal Transport with Jacobian regularization method, dubbed OTJR, bridging the input Jacobian regularization with the a output representation alignment by leveraging the optimal transport theory. In particular, we employ the Sliced Wasserstein distance that can efficiently push the adversarial samples’ representations closer to those of clean samples, regardless of the number of classes within the dataset. The SW distance provides the adversarial samples’ movement directions, which are much more informative and powerful for the Jacobian regularization. Our empirical evaluations set a new standard in the domain, with our method achieving commendable accuracies of 52.57% on CIFAR-10 and 28.36% on CIFAR-100 datasets under the AutoAttack. Further validating our model’s practicality, we conducted real-world tests by subjecting internet-sourced images to online adversarial attacks. These demonstrations highlight our model’s capability to counteract sophisticated adversarial perturbations, affirming its significance and applicability in real-world scenarios. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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