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Blockchain and Distributed Systems Security (ICBDS), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Salicca Dewi Rahajeng Siti Julianingsih Nurfitriyani Zakin Izzani Akbar Calvin Leonardo Harco Leslie Hendric Spits Warnars Laurens Spits Warnars Information Systems Department School of Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program – Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9798350354348

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354355

As social beings, humans like to interact with each other, including other creatures of God, such as animals, and keep them as pets. Many pets, such as dogs, cats, birds, fish, rabbits, and so on, include unusual pets such as reptiles, pigs, insects, etc. As a result of the lack of human awareness of pets and the nature of keeping animals, which is only for fun, it is not soulful to keep animals. So when people are bored, they abandon their pets, which causes new problems in human life today. In this case, we created a mobile application that can be shared with pet lovers where they can share information about abandoned pets and the possibility of owning pets from these abandoned pets. Mobile applications were designed using use case diagrams to show business processes, class diagrams to show database models, and user interfaces to present a similar interface to users. This mobile application will become a platform that can gather all people who care about pets and make pets a part of humans.

关键词： Rabbits Animals Insects Entertainment industry User interfaces Media Fish Mobile handsets Mobile applications Security

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AI-Based Feature Extraction and Cosine Similarity for Automation of Student Learning Assessment 24

AI-Based Feature Extraction and Cosine Similarity for Automa...

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24th International Arab Conference on Information Technology, ACIT 2023

作者： Wijanarko, Bambang Dwi Bachtiar Hassan, Rosilah Binti Murad, Dina Fitria Ihsan, Ridho Bramulya Heryadi, Yaya Kuncoro, Engkos Achmad Julianti, Eka Binus Online Learning Bina Nusantara University Computer Science Department Jakarta Indonesia Graduate School Universitas Terbuka Master of English Education Jakarta Indonesia Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Center for Cyber Security Faculty of Information Science and Technology Selangor Bangi43600 Malaysia Binus Online Learning Bina Nusantara University Information Systems Department Jakarta Indonesia Binus Online Learning Bina Nusantara University Manajemen Department Jakarta Indonesia Binus Graduate Program-Doctor of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Computer Science Department Jakarta Indonesia Binus Business School Undergraduate Program Bina Nusantara University Management Department Jakarta Indonesia Universitas Terbuka Information System Department Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384307

This research is ongoing research into the student learning process which aims to develop artificial intelligence-based technology to calculate essay exam scores automatically, based on the textual proximity of students' answers to the answer key. This research uses an approach based on natural language processing (NLP) and text analysis. Feature extraction was carried out using the BERT model and similarity comparison using the Cosine distance method. Model evaluation was carried out using sensitivity and specificity tests. The model evaluation results show a sensitivity of 98.21%, which means this assessment model is able to detect positive cases well. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： artificial intelligence BERT essay exam score natural language processing transformer

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PBF-AMP-Onto: an ontology for powder bed fusion additive manufacturing processes 1

PBF-AMP-Onto: an ontology for powder bed fusion additive man...

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1st International Workshop on Semantic Materials science: Harnessing the Power of Semantic Web Technologies in Materials science, SeMatS 2024

作者： Pour, Mina Abd Nikooie Tarafder, Prithwish Wiberg, Anton Li, Huanyu Moverare, Johan Lambrix, Patrick Department of Computer and Information Science Linköping University Linköping Sweden Swedish e-Science Research Centre Linköping University Linköping Sweden Department of Management and Engineering Linköping University Linköping Sweden Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability Linköping University Linköping Sweden Wallenberg AI Autonomous Systems and Software Program Linköping University Linköping Sweden

Additive manufacturing is an innovative production approach aimed at creating products that traditional techniques cannot produce with the desired quality and requirements. Throughout the additive manufacturing process, data is either used (such as materials properties, printer characteristics and settings) or generated (such as monitoring data during printing, slicing strategies setting parameters). However, managing such data with complex relationships remains a significant challenge in both research and industry in the additive manufacturing field. To address this issue, we developed a modular ontology that can be used as the basis for a framework that supports decision-making systems, facilitate semanticsaware data management, and enhance the understanding and optimization of additive manufacturing processes. In this paper we focus on one of the state-of-the-art additive manufacturing approaches, i.e., powder bed fusion. To show the use and the feasibility of our approach, we created a knowledge graph for an actual additive manufacturing experiment based on our ontology, and show how queries relevant to domain experts can be answered using this knowledge graph. © 2024 CEUR-WS. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ontology

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Clustering Single-Cell RNA-seq data: Impact of data Binarization on Algorithmic Performance

Clustering Single-Cell RNA-seq Data: Impact of Data Binariza...

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18th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies, BIOSTEC 2025

作者： Widzisz, Karolina Kania, Mateusz Zyla, Joanna Polański, Andrzej Department of Computer Graphics Vision and Digital Systems Silesian University of Technology Akademicka 16 Gliwice Poland Department of Applied Informatics Silesian University of Technology Akademicka 16 Gliwice Poland Department of Data Science and Engineering Silesian University of Technology Akademicka 16 Gliwice Poland

The primary objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that the binary information on the presence or absence of gene expression can sufficiently capture the inherent heterogeneity within single-cell RNA se quencing (scRNA-seq) data. This hypothesis posits that even without detailed expression levels, valuable insights about cellular diversity can be obtained. Utilizing this method can be particularly advantageous when analyzing large datasets, a common scenario in the field of scRNA-seq. In this paper, we evaluate clustering performance and cluster separability of a variety of model-based algorithms and distance-based methods to an alyze both expression level data and threshold-encoded binarized data. We examined the performance of the Bernoulli-mixture model and Gaussian-mixture model. These were compared against traditional clustering techniques such as hierarchical clustering, K-means, and the Louvain algorithm on a range of scRNA-seq datasets. Our findings reveal that mixture models exhibit a lower dependence on the specific dataset compared to distance-based methods. Mixture models, particularly, demonstrate greater efficacy in accurately estimat ing the number of clusters present within the data. Among analyzed algorithms, the Bernoulli-mixture model stands out, outperforming distance-based approaches in several key aspects. Binary data, presence/absence of gene expression, seem to be indeed adequate to capture the heterogeneity of scRNA-seq data when clus tering with methods specifically designed for binary datasets. The implications of this finding are significant, as it opens up new possibilities for simplifying data analysis in scRNA-seq studies without compromising the accuracy of the results. © 2025 by SCITEPRESS– science and Technology Publications, Lda.

关键词： data accuracy

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Bibliometric Analysis of Image Segmentation with Deep Learning: An Analytical Study 1

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International Conference on Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, ICIMR 2023

作者： Windarto, Agus Perdana Yuhandri, Y. Bukhori, Saiful Information Technology Study Program Universitas Putra Indonesia YPTK Padang Indonesia STIKOM Tunas Bangsa Pematangsiantar Indonesia Universitas Putra Indonesia YPTK Padang Indonesia Computer Science Department University of Jember Jember Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9789819984985

ISBN: (纸本)9789819984978

This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of research pertaining to the utilization of deep learning techniques for image segmentation using CNN algorithms. A dataset comprising 1078 publications from journals and conference proceedings between 2018 and 2022 was examined through keyword search, co-occurrence network analysis, and keyphrase analysis. The study offers valuable insights into the present research landscape and identifies prominent areas of investigation, encompassing deep learning's application in medical imaging, disease detection, and object detection. Our analysis reveals China as a leading contributor to deep learning research for image segmentation, with 279 publications and 4,380 citations in Scopus. Advances in Biomedical Optics and Imaging—Proceedings of SPIE are pinpointed as the most productive source for deep learning research in image segmentation, with a specific emphasis on biomedical optics and imaging. The co-occurrence network analysis highlights the red cluster primarily focusing on methods and algorithms associated with deep learning in image segmentation. In contrast, the blue cluster demonstrates the application of these methods and algorithms to other objects or methods, with the "human" node standing out in terms of frequency and centrality. Our keyphrase analysis reveals the growing trend of Cellular Artificial Neural Networks over the past five years, indicating a shift in research focus toward this domain. Overall, this study's findings demonstrate the potential of deep learning to deliver precise and efficient segmentation of medical images, thereby enhancing clinical outcomes and patient care. Furthermore, our study contributes to an enhanced understanding of the current research landscape and identifies avenues for future exploration in deep learning techniques for image segmentation. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Designing Robust Transformers using Robust Kernel Density Estimation 37

Designing Robust Transformers using Robust Kernel Density Es...

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37th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2023

作者： Han, Xing Nguyen, Tan Minh Ghosh, Joydeep Ren, Tongzheng Nguyen, Khai Ho, Nhat Department of ECE University of Texas Austin United States Department of Mathematics University of California Los Angeles United States Department of Computer Science University of Texas Austin United States Department of Statistics and Data Sciences University of Texas Austin United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781713899921

Transformer-based architectures have recently exhibited remarkable successes across different domains beyond just powering large language models. However, existing approaches typically focus on predictive accuracy and computational cost, largely ignoring certain other practical issues such as robustness to contaminated samples. In this paper, by re-interpreting the self-attention mechanism as a non-parametric kernel density estimator, we adapt classical robust kernel density estimation methods to develop novel classes of transformers that are resistant to adversarial attacks and data contamination. We first propose methods that down-weight outliers in RKHS when computing the self-attention operations. We empirically show that these methods produce improved performance over existing state-of-the-art methods, particularly on image data under adversarial attacks. Then we leverage the median-of-means principle to obtain another efficient approach that results in noticeably enhanced performance and robustness on language modeling and time series classification tasks. Our methods can be combined with existing transformers to augment their robust properties, thus promising to impact a wide variety of applications. © 2023 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

关键词： Distribution transformers

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Tensor Extended Kalman Filter and its Application to Traffic Prediction

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IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 2023年第12期24卷 13813-13829页

作者： Chang, Shih Yu Wu, Hsiao-Chun Kao, Yi-Chih San Jose State University Department of Applied Data Science San JoseCA95192 United States Louisiana State University School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Baton RougeLA70803 United States Yuan Ze University Innovation Center for Ai Applications Taoyuan32003 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Information Technology Service Center Hsinchu30010 Taiwan

Traffic prediction is a very important mechanism in intelligent transportation systems for applications including routing planning and traffic control. In order to infer multifarious traffic information, one/two-relational traffic data in the vector/matrix form need to be expanded to multi-relational traffic data in an arbitrary tensor form. However, none of the existing approaches is capable of performing traffic prediction by characterizing and tracking the inherent nonlinear dynamics which are often encountered in realistic time-series analysis. Although the extended Kalman filter (EKF) has been proven to be quite promising in inferring nonlinear dynamics from time series, but the current EKF approach still suffers, unfortunately, from a serious drawback that state variables have to be represented in vector form. In fact, the characteristics of multi-relational states in practice can never been manifested accurately in practice and the performance of an EKF would be greatly restricted thereby. In this work, we introduce a new tensor extended Kalman filter (TEKF) approach to accommodate arbitrary input, output, and state variables all in arbitrary tensor forms. We also propose a new tensor-based expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm to estimate the nonlinear state-transition and observation-model mappings. The computational and memory complexities of the proposed TEKF approach are also studied in this paper. Finally, numerical experiments are conducted to evaluate the traffic prediction performance of the proposed new TEKF approach over the simulated and realworld traffic datasets in comparison with three other existing deep-learning prediction methods. © 2000-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Tensors

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Bipartite synchronization of stochastic coupled systems with hybrid time-varying delays via asynchronous impulsive control

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IEEE Transactions on Automation science and Engineering 2025年 22卷 15778-15791页

作者： Liu, Yan Sun, Yiliang Zhou, Hui Tiangong University Tianjin Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligence Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and Technology Tianjin 300387 China Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai) Department of Mathematics Weihai 264209 China Fuzhou University College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou 350108 China

This paper investigates the bipartite synchronization of stochastic coupled systems with hybrid time-varying delays and Markov jump via asynchronous impulsive control. Unlike existing studies, the asynchronous impulses considered in this paper are decentralized, which allows for the investigation of a wider range of dynamic properties. Additionally, to address asynchronous impulsive control, asynchronous average dwell-time condition is introduced for the first time, and new auxiliary functions are defined. Several sufficient criteria for attaining bipartite synchronization are derived through the application of the Lyapunov method and graph theory. In addition, the theoretical findings are applied to single-link robot arms with hybrid time-varying delays. To demonstrate the practicality of the findings, this paper includes two numerical examples. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

关键词： asynchronous impulsive control bipartite synchronization hybrid time-varying delays single-link robot arms

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On the origins of linear representations in large language models 24

On the origins of linear representations in large language m...

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Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning

作者： Yibo Jiang Goutham Rajendran Pradeep Ravikumar Bryon Aragam Victor Veitch Department of Computer Science University of Chicago Machine Learning Department Carnegie Mellon University Booth School of Business University of Chicago Department of Statistics and Data Science Institute University of Chicago

Recent works have argued that high-level semantic concepts are encoded "linearly" in the representation space of large language models. In this work, we study the origins of such linear representations. To that end, we introduce a simple latent variable model to abstract and formalize the concept dynamics of the next token prediction. We use this formalism to show that the next token prediction objective (softmax with cross-entropy) and the implicit bias of gradient descent together promote the linear representation of concepts. Experiments show that linear representations emerge when learning from data matching the latent variable model, confirming that this simple structure already suffices to yield linear representations. We additionally confirm some predictions of the theory using the LLaMA-2 large language model, giving evidence that the simplified model yields generalizable insights.

关键词：

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Adversarial Training for Graph Neural Networks: Pitfalls, Solutions, and New Directions

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Gosch, Lukas Geisler, Simon Sturm, Daniel Charpentier, Bertrand Zügner, Daniel Günnemann, Stephan Department of Computer Science Munich Data Science Institute Technical University of Munich Germany Microsoft Research United States

Despite its success in the image domain, adversarial training did not (yet) stand out as an effective defense for Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) against graph structure perturbations. In the pursuit of fixing adversarial training (1) we show and overcome fundamental theoretical as well as practical limitations of the adopted graph learning setting in prior work;(2) we reveal that flexible GNNs based on learnable graph diffusion are able to adjust to adversarial perturbations, while the learned message passing scheme is naturally interpretable;(3) we introduce the first attack for structure perturbations that, while targeting multiple nodes at once, is capable of handling global (graph-level) as well as local (node-level) constraints. Including these contributions, we demonstrate that adversarial training is a state-of-the-art defense against adversarial structure perturbations.1 © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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