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A General Framework for Clustering and Distribution Matching with Bandit Feedback

IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 2025年第3期71卷 2116-2139页

作者： Yavas, Recep Can Huang, Yuqi Tan, Vincent Y. F. Scarlett, Jonathan CNRS@CREATE DesCartes Program CREATE Tower 138602 Singapore National University of Singapore Department of Computer Science Queenstown119077 Singapore National University of Singapore School of Computing Department of Information Systems and Analytics Queenstown119077 Singapore National University of Singapore Department of Mathematics Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Queenstown119077 Singapore Institute of Data Science National University of Singapore Department of Computer Science The Department of Mathematics Queenstown119077 Singapore

We develop a general framework for clustering and distribution matching problems with bandit feedback. We consider a K-armed bandit model where some subset of K arms is partitioned into M groups. Within each group, the random variable associated to each arm follows the same distribution on a finite alphabet. At each time step, the decision maker pulls an arm and observes its outcome from the random variable associated to that arm. Subsequent arm pulls depend on the history of arm pulls and their outcomes. The decision maker has no knowledge of the distributions of the arms or the underlying partitions. The task is to devise an online algorithm to learn the underlying partition of arms with the least number of arm pulls on average and with an error probability not exceeding a pre-determined value δ. Several existing problems fall under our general framework, including finding M pairs of arms, odd arm identification, and N-ary clustering of K arms belong to our general framework. We derive a non-asymptotic lower bound on the average number of arm pulls for any online algorithm with an error probability not exceeding δ. Furthermore, we develop a computationally-efficient online algorithm based on the Track-and-Stop method and Frank-Wolfe algorithm, and show that the average number of arm pulls of our algorithm asymptotically matches that of the lower bound. Our refined analysis also uncovers a novel bound on the speed at which the average number of arm pulls of our algorithm converges to the fundamental limit as δ vanishes. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Random variables

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Structural study of CaO-based materials with ZrO2 incorporation using in-situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy

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Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Munawaroh, Fatimatul Masdya, Yoga Saiyasombat, Chatree Baqiya, Malik A. Triwikantoro Physics Department Faculty of Science and Data Analytics Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya60111 Indonesia Natural Science Education Study Program Universitas Trunojoyo Madura Bangkalan69162 Indonesia Nakhon Ratchasima30000 Thailand

Pure CaO powder (CZ0) and CaO incorporated with 10 wt% ZrO2 (CZ10) have been successfully synthesized from natural limestone using the sol-gel and wet-mixing methods, respectively. Phase and structural stability were examined using in-situ Synchrotron Radiation-XRD, X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES), and Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) analyses. The result indicates that the calcium (Ca) atom is slightly distorted by ZrO2 incorporation, and ZrO2 increases the Ca-O bond distance (2.4014 Å) in the CaO-ZrO2. Carbonation experiments demonstrate that CZ10 achieves a higher formation of CaCO3 (⁓81.63 ± 1.99 wt%) compared to CZ0 (⁓64.50 ± 1.46 wt%). The carbonation process results in Ca-O bond elongation to 2.4142 Å, indicating transition to carbonate phases and an altered calcium electronic environment. No significant reduction in the Ca-O bond length (2.3977 Å) occurs after decarbonization, suggesting that the removal of CaCO3 from the CaO structure can be stabilized by Zr incorporation. Therefore, this material holds great potential for application in CO2 capture. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： X ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy

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Lung Cancer Diagnosis Based on Object Detection Technology 14th

Lung Cancer Diagnosis Based on Object Detection Technology

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14th International Conference on Frontier Computing, FC 2024

作者： Xu, Jia-Lang Wang, Pei-Yun Huang, Tzu-Hsuan Hsu, Ying-Lin Huang, Kuo-Yang Chen, Mu-Yen Artificial Intelligence Development Center Changhua Christian Hospital Changhua Taiwan Doctoral Program in Data Science and Industrial Analytics National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Department of Applied Mathematics and Institute of Statistics National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Division of Chest Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Changhua Christian Hospital Changhua Taiwan Department of Engineering Science National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819623945

With the rise of artificial intelligence, many people nowadays use artificial intelligence to help solve some problems in life, and the medical field is also with the rise of artificial intelligence, many people are slowly applying artificial intelligence to medical images to assist in decision-making, this study proposes a Yolov8 algorithm for object tracking of CT images of lung cancer, which can quickly tell the doctor where the cancer is and what the type of cancer is. The results of this study show that the Box_Loss, Cls_Loss, and Dfl_loss of the Yolov8 algorithm in detecting the location of lung cancer are 1.3689, 0.4552, and 1.5569 in the validation data, respectively, and thus this study suggests that this method can help physicians know the location of the tumor and what kind of tumor it belongs to. Therefore, this study suggests that this method can help physicians know the location of the tumor and the type of tumor. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Lung cancer

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Carbon-modified zeolite derivates based filler in mixed matrix membrane adsorbers (MMMAs) for enhancing urea and creatinine removal from hemodialysis spent dialysate

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Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 2025年 147卷 584-597页

作者： Widiastuti, Nurul Rahman, Reca Ardiyanti Cipta Dharma, Hadi Nugraha Widyanto, Alvin Rahmad Nareswari, Cininta Kayadoe, Victor Raharjo, Yanuardi Saiful Nomura, Mikihiro Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Data Analytics Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Kampus ITS Keputih-Sukolilo Jl. Arif Rahman Hakim Surabaya60111 Indonesia Advanced Nanolithography Lab Department of System Semiconductor Science Dongguk University 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil Jung-gu Seoul04620 Korea Republic of Department of Applied Chemistry Shibaura Institute of Technology 3-7-5 Toyosu Koto-ku Tokyo135-8548 Japan Chemical Education Study Program Faculty of Teaching and Education Sciences University of Pattimura Ambon97233 Indonesia Chemistry Department Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia Chemistry Department Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh Indonesia

Conventional dialysate recycling methods struggle to effectively remove creatinine, urea, and other minor contaminants. This study explores mixed matrix membrane adsorbers (MMMAs) as a novel approach to address these challenges. MMMAs, which integrate adsorbents into filtration membranes, function as both filters and impurity scavengers. Zeolite carbon composite (ZCC) and zeolite-templated carbon (ZTC) were incorporated into MMMAs using the non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) technique. Characterization by SEM and XRD confirmed the successful synthesis of ZCC and ZTC, retaining the zeolite-Y structure and amorphous nature, with notable differences in particle sizes (680 and 379 nm) and crystallite sizes (0.45 and 0.02 nm). FTIR revealed hydrogen bonding interactions between ZCC and PVP, absent in ZTC. SEM and AFM analyses of the membranes indicated increased hydrophilicity and porosity with ZCC, while ZTC reduced surface roughness. MMMAs significantly outperformed pristine membranes in removing urea and creatinine. The PPK-0.2 membrane achieved superior rejection rates (93.05 % for urea and 98.95 % for creatinine), attributed to microporous entrapment of ZTC and polymer matrix adsorption. In contrast, PPZ-0.2 showed lower rejection rates (84.24 % for urea and 85.79 % for creatinine), relying solely on physical adsorption. These findings highlight MMMAs, especially ZTC-based ones, as promising candidates for enhancing dialysate reuse efficiency. © 2024 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry

关键词： Hydrogen bonds

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Hospital Transfers for Hip Fracture Patients Are Associated With Higher Cost and Mortality

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Journal of Arthroplasty 2025年

作者： Hutchison, Catherine E.T. Rollier, Genevieve Li, Hsin-Fang Wells, Erica Workman, Kimberly L. Duwelius, Paul J. Lieberman, Elizabeth G. Oregon Health & Science University Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Portland Oregon United States Providence St. Joseph Health Surgery & Orthopedic Program Portland Oregon United States Providence St. Joseph Health Center for Cardiovascular Analytics Research & Data Science (CARDS) Portland Oregon United States Orthopedic and Fracture Specialists Portland Oregon United States

Background: Transferring hip fracture patients may increase morbidity and cost. The purpose of this study was to examine time to surgery, outcomes, and cost in patients undergoing operative management of displaced femoral neck fractures (DFNFs), comparing those admitted through the emergency department (ED) and those transferred from outside hospitals. Methods: A retrospective review of surgically managed DFNF patients (age ≥ 65 years) at a single institution between May 29, 2020, and December 29, 2022, was performed. Patients were categorized into two groups: “ED arrivals” and “transfers.” Demographics, time from presentation to surgery, hospital length of stay, discharge disposition, 1-year readmission, reoperation, and mortality, and total cost of care were collected and compared. We identified 459 patients (ED = 422, 92.0%, Transfer = 37, 8.0%). There was no difference in age, sex, body mass index, or American Society of Anesthesiologists status. Results: Median time from ED to operating room was higher in the transfer group (41.6 versus 23.2 hours, P < 0.0001). Transfer and ED patients had similar length of stay (5.9 versus 6.0 days, P = 0.29) and similar rates of discharge to skilled nursing facility (66.1 versus 62.2%, P = 0.39). There was a higher rate of 1-year mortality (27.0 versus 13.5% for ED, P = 0.03) in transfer patients but no difference in 1-year readmission or reoperation. Adjusting for demographics, transfer patients had 2.6 higher odds of 1-year mortality than ED patients (odds ratio = 2.59 (1.13 to 5.94) P = 0.03). The cost of care was higher for transfer patients ($23,521 versus $13,980, P < 0.0001). Conclusions: Transferring DFNF patients was associated with delayed time to surgery, increased 1-year mortality, and higher costs. Transferring patients is a logistical reality for many conditions;however, efforts should be made to provide efficient, safe, and cost-effective care. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： femoral neck fracture geriatric fracture health care costs hip fracture transfer of care

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Multifaceted Disparities Associated with Translator Earnings: A Quantitative Study of Upwork Profiles

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Journal of Social Computing 2024年第1期5卷 88-100页

作者： Tyler Horan Data Analytics and Computational Social Science Program University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMA 01003USA

This study aims to quantitatively explore the multifaceted determinants that influence earnings in the translation *** a dataset comprising 45000 translator profiles,the study focusses on delineating disparities correlated with demographic variables such as age,gender,home country wealth,and language *** study uses a random forest regression model to delineate the complex interaction between gender,the economic standing of a translator’s domicile country,age,and linguistic proficiency,as they relate to *** findings substantiate and,in many ways,extend existing qualitative and anecdotal evidence that has shaped the discourse in this *** rigorous empirical framework employed here can be replicated or adapted to study other sectors within the gig economy,thus contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of labour dynamics in the digital age.

关键词： translation online employment gig economy intercultural communication

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Evaluating masked self-supervised learning frameworks for 3D dental model segmentation tasks

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Scientific Reports 2025年第1期15卷 1-15页

作者： Krenmayr, Lucas von Schwerin, Reinhold Schaudt, Daniel Riedel, Pascal Hafner, Alexander Geserick, Marc Cooperative Doctoral Program for Data Science and Analytics University of Ulm Ulm 89081 Germany Department of Computer Science University of Applied Sciences Ulm 89081 Germany smyl tp GmbH Ulm 89073 Germany

The application of deep learning using dental models is crucial for automated computer-aided treatment planning. However, developing highly accurate models requires a substantial amount of accurately labeled data. Obtaining this data is challenging, especially in the medical domain. Masked self-supervised learning has shown great promise in overcoming the challenge of data scarcity. However, its effectiveness has not been well explored in the 3D domain, particularly on dental models. In this work, we investigate the applicability of the four recently published masked self-supervised learning frameworks-Point-BERT, Point-MAE, Point-GPT, and Point-M2AE-for improving downstream tasks such as tooth and brace segmentation. These frameworks were pre-trained on a proprietary dataset of over 4000 unlabeled 3D dental models and fine-tuned using the publicly available Teeth3DS dataset for tooth segmentation and a self-constructed braces segmentation dataset. Through a set of experiments we demonstrate that pre-training can enhance the performance of downstream tasks, especially when training data is scarce or imbalanced—a critical factor for clinical usability. Our results show that the benefits are most noticeable when training data is limited but diminish as more labeled data becomes available, providing insights into when and how this technique should be applied to maximize its effectiveness. © The Author(s) 2025.

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Exploring the Relation between Blood Tests and Covid-19 Using Machine Learning

Exploring the Relation between Blood Tests and Covid-19 Usin...

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2020 International Conference on data analytics for Business and Industry: Way Towards a Sustainable Economy, ICDABI 2020

作者： Almansoor, Mohamed Hewahi, Nabil M. University of Bahrain Big Data Science Analytics Program Bahrain University of Bahrain Department of Computer Science Bahrain

ISBN: (纸本)9781728196756

COVID-19 is a global pandemic that hit the world in 2019-2020 and caused massive losses. Every day, hundreds of thousands of tests are being done on possible infected cases. It usually takes several hours to get the results of virus test in advanced countries, whereas in other countries might take days. The aim of this study is to investigate whether normal blood medical tests help in detecting covid-19 using various machine learning approaches. If true, this would give an indication to people who should undergo the virus test. In this paper we independently use machine learning algorithms including support vector machines, adaptive boosting, random forest and k-nearest neighbors. These algorithms are then merged to form ensemble learning which leads to the classification. The results show that the ensemble learning is having the highest true positive rate of 30%. The obtained results show that normal blood tests do not help much in giving right indications about detecting COVID-19. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： COVID-19

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Secure decentralized decisions to enhance coordination in consolidated hospital systems

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IISE Transactions on Healthcare Systems Engineering 2020年第2期10卷 99-112页

作者： Badré, Adrien Mohebbi, Shima Soltanisehat, Leili Data Science and Analytics Program University of Oklahoma Norman OK United States School of Industrial and Systems Engineering and Data Science and Analytics Program University of Oklahoma Norman OK United States School of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Oklahoma Norman OK United States

Shared decision making has become a crucial solution to build a consolidated healthcare system. While there is some research in the healthcare literature discussing the advantages and disadvantages of shared decision making, its efficiency has not been addressed quantitatively. In this paper, we propose a Decentralized Patients Assignment System (DPAS) as a universal decentralized decision making architecture. It utilizes the blockchain technology, machine learning, and integer programing to enhance coordination among healthcare providers and patients in consolidated hospital systems. To test the efficiency of the proposed DPAS, a prototype system is developed using an Agent-based model and Ethereum and is compared to the current practice of central referral systems in consolidated hospital systems. The agent-based model consists of four agents including patients, physicians, hospitals, and miners interacting within a decentralized system. The proposed system highlights the importance of interoperability and consensus among healthcare agents in the decision making process. The results demonstrate the DPAS efficiency in decreasing computational time and rejection rates for patients transfer. © 2019, © 2019 “IISE”.

关键词： Blockchain architecture intelligent agents optimization patients referral predictive analytics smart contracts

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Method for modelling the number of HIV and AIDS cases using least square spline Biresponse nonparametric negative binomial regression

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MethodsX 2025年 14卷 103336页

作者： Ramadan, Arip Chamidah, Nur Budiantara, I Nyoman Lestari, Budi Aydin, Dursun Doctoral Study Program of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Faculty of Science and Technology Airlangga University Surabaya 60115 Indonesia Information System Study Program Department of Industrial and System Engineering Telkom University Surabaya Campus Surabaya 60231 Indonesia Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science and Technology Airlangga University Surabaya 60115 Indonesia Research Group of Statistical Modeling in Life Science Faculty of Science and Technology Airlangga University Surabaya 60115 Indonesia Statistics Department Faculty of Science and Data Analytics Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology Surabaya 60111 Indonesia Department of Mathematics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences The University of Jember Jember 68121 Indonesia Department of Statistics Faculty of Science Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Muğla 48000 Turkey Research Scholar at Department of Mathematics University of Wisconsin Oshkosh Algoma Blvd Oshkosh 54901 WI United States

We propose a new statistical modeling method to analyze functional relationship between predictor variables and correlated response variables, and apply it for modeling the number of HIV and AIDS cases influenced by early-age marriages and contraceptive users. The proposed method is LS-Spline BNNBR that is a Biresponse Nonparametric Negative Binomial Regression (BNNBR) based on least squares spline (LS-Spline). To validate the proposed method, we compare it with classical method, namely Ordinary Least Square Biresponse Parametric Negative Binomial Regression (OLS-BPNBR). The results show that the LS-Spline BNNBR method provided deviance value of 7.542334 which is smaller than that of OLS-BPNBR method, namely 7.993935. Thus, the proposed method has better prediction fit than the classical method. • This study discusses new statistical modeling method for the number of HIV and AIDS cases influenced by early-age marriages and contraceptive users where the response variables are correlated with each other. • The model estimation results show that the number of HIV and AIDS cases in Indonesia will decrease if the early-age marriages percentage increases and the contraceptive users percentage decreases. • The results are useful to provide a scientific basis for making policies to control the number of HIV and AIDS cases in Indonesia. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： AIDS BLSSNNBR model Contraceptive user Early-age marriage HIV Least square spline

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