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9th International Conference on Big data Analytics, data Mining and Computational Intelligence, BigDaCI 2024, the 10th International Conference on Connected Smart Cities, CSC 2024 and the 16th International Conference on e-Health, EH 2024, Part of the 18th Multi Conference on Computer science and Information Systems 2024, MCCSIS 2024

作者： Yean, Seanglidet Heng, Zheng Ping Leow, Guan Wei Lee, Bu Sung Edwards, Peter College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research Wellington New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9789898704597

Noise pollution is a cause for concern, especially since it has detrimental health effects. Due to Singapore’s limited geographical size and rising population density, gas stations, roads, and even expressways are built close to residential neighborhoods. This situation is increasingly common in dense cities worldwide, making Singapore a relevant case study for global urban environments. Noise pollution in such areas is a significant problem, as a result of frequent traffic on these routes, especially during rush hours. The purpose of this project is to create a pipeline from a scene simulation to modelling noise propagation. This project aims to develop a scene modelling platform that will help bridge the gap between scene and noise modelling. It also aims to investigate different noise barriers and their effectiveness against vehicular noise pollution. Through experiments conducted in residential and park settings, we demonstrate the varying effects of trees on noise reduction, highlighting their potential to attenuate noise levels, especially in densely populated areas. Our findings reveal that while trees may not completely block noise like solid barriers, they offer additional benefits such as airflow and visual enhancement of the environment. Furthermore, we assess the impact of reforestation and strategic tree placement in reducing traffic noise, providing insights for urban planners and policymakers. Additionally, we present the case study modelling the scene after observed StreetView, showcasing the significant noise reduction benefits of planting trees in residential areas. Overall, our study contributes to the development of more effective strategies for mitigating noise pollution and creating healthier, more sustainable urban environments. Demo Video: https://***/zi1R-1xDkwU. © 2024 Big data Analytics, data Mining and Computational Intelligence. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Noise abatement

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Effortless learning: leveraging summarization and tabulation for automated note making

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-26页

作者： Arivarasi, A. Srinivasan, R. Rajeswari, D. Govindasamy, Alagiri School of Electronics Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai600127 India Department of Computing Technologies School of Computing College of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur603203 India Department of Data Science and Business Systems School of Computing College of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur603203 India Future Connect Technologies Pvt. Ltd Tamil Nadu Kanchipuram600034 India

In this fast-paced Digital Age, Natural Language Processing (NLP) can prove beneficial in consuming quality information efficiently. With the ever-growing number of learning resources, it is becoming onerous for students to choose the best-suited learning resource. Furthermore, many students find it difficult to understand and retain highly factual information. To overcome these issues, this paper proposes a novel Automated TExt Summarization of scholastic text in Table format (Auto-TEST) to provide information at a glance by mimicking the student’s style of note-making. The Auto-TEST framework is achieved through two steps which is Summarization and Tabulation. Initially, the Extractive Single Document Text Summarization (ESDTS) method is adopted to identify the salient information from the non-fictional (scholastic) text which is extracted and grouped together to form a concise summary. A Named Entity Recognition (NER) method is implemented to extract noun chunks and then arrange them in a tabulation format that aids in memorizing essential facts and figures by enabling effortless retrieval. The performance of the Auto-TEST framework is gauged by using scholastic domain-specific dataset using ROUGE as an evaluation metric. The extracted entities gives an average Recall of 71.40%, an average Precision score of 75.80% and an average F-score of 73.54% for the dataset respectively. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Students

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Are LLMs Good Zero-Shot Fallacy Classifiers?

Are LLMs Good Zero-Shot Fallacy Classifiers?

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2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, EMNLP 2024

作者： Pan, Fengjun Wu, Xiaobao Li, Zongrui Luu, Anh Tuan Interdisciplinary Graduate Programme Nanyang Technological University Singapore College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761643

Fallacies are defective arguments with faulty reasoning. Detecting and classifying them is a crucial NLP task to prevent misinformation, manipulative claims, and biased decisions. However, existing fallacy classifiers are limited by the requirement for sufficient labeled data for training, which hinders their out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization abilities. In this paper, we focus on leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for zero-shot fallacy classification. To elicit fallacy-related knowledge and reasoning abilities of LLMs, we propose diverse single-round and multi-round prompting schemes, applying different task-specific instructions such as extraction, summarization, and Chain-of-Thought reasoning. With comprehensive experiments on benchmark datasets, we suggest that LLMs could be potential zero-shot fallacy classifiers. In general, LLMs under single-round prompting schemes have achieved acceptable zero-shot performances compared to the best full-shot baselines and can outperform them in all OOD inference scenarios and some open-domain tasks. Our novel multi-round prompting schemes can effectively bring about more improvements, especially for small LLMs. Our analysis further underlines the future research on zero-shot fallacy classification. Codes and data are available at: https://***/panFJCharlotte98/Fallacy_Detection. © 2024 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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A numerical magnitude aware multi-channel hierarchical encoding network for math word problem solving

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Neural computing and Applications 2025年第3期37卷 1651-1672页

作者： Xu, Junjie Chen, Yuzhong Xiao, Lingsheng Liao, Hongmiao Zhong, Jiayuan Dong, Chen College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou University Fujian Province Fuzhou350108 China Engineering Research Center of Big Data Intelligence Ministry of Education Fuzhou China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing Fujian Province Fuzhou350108 China

Math word problem (MWP) represents a critical research area within reading comprehension, where accurate comprehension of math problem text is crucial for generating math expressions. However, current approaches still grapple with unresolved challenges in grasping the sensitivity of math problem text and delineating distinct roles across various clause types, and enhancing numerical representation. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a Numerical Magnitude Aware Multi-Channel Hierarchical Encoding Network (NMA-MHEA) for math expression generation. Firstly, NMA-MHEA implements a multi-channel hierarchical context encoding module to learn context representations at three different channels: intra-clause channel, inter-clause channel, and context-question interaction channel. NMA-MHEA constructs hierarchical constituent-dependency graphs for different levels of sentences and employs a Hierarchical Graph Attention Neural Network (HGAT) to learn syntactic and semantic information within these graphs at the intra-clause and inter-clause channels. NMA-MHEA then refines context clauses using question information at the context-question interaction channel. Secondly, NMA-MHEA designs a number encoding module to enhance the relative magnitude information among numerical values and type information of numerical values. Experimental results on two public benchmark datasets demonstrate that NMA-MHEA outperforms other state-of-the-art models. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Semantics

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Estimation of Neurological Diseases and Age Using Brain MRI 4th

Estimation of Neurological Diseases and Age Using Brain MRI

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4th International Conference on Smart Systems: Innovations in computing, SSIC 2023

作者： Ashokkumar, K. Dharshan, K. Ragupathi, T. Pritam, Anem Sagar, Amujuru Gnana Department of Computer Science Engineering Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology Chennai India School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences University of Leicester Leicester United Kingdom Data Science and Business systems School of Computing SRM Institute of Science and Science and Technology Kattankulathur Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819736898

Leveraging D-NN trained on neuroimaging data, we can effectively estimate the chronological ages of normal persons;this projected brain age has potential as a biomarker for identifying age-related disorders. The suggested technique employs a CNN cascade network from DL and the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm from ML (SVM). These techniques have been employed to train MRI scans of the brain, classifying them into regular (unaffected by illness), Alzheimer’s disorder (AD), and neurocognitive disability. That we also have the ability to determine ages thanks to the age classifications on the photos. The brain MRI collection is trained using CNN and SVM, on which the classifications and age estimate will be carried out. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Support vector machines

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Sharpness-Aware Minimization Activates the Interactive Teaching's Understanding and Optimization 38

Sharpness-Aware Minimization Activates the Interactive Teach...

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Xu, Mingwei Cao, Xiaofeng Tsang, Ivor W. School of Artificial Intelligence Jilin University China Singapore College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore

Teaching is a potentially effective approach for understanding interactions among multiple intelligences. Previous explorations have convincingly shown that teaching presents additional opportunities for observation and demonstration within the learning model, such as data distillation and selection. However, the underlying optimization principles and convergence of interactive teaching lack theoretical analysis, and in this regard co-teaching serves as a notable prototype. In this paper, we discuss its role as a reduction of the larger loss landscape derived from Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM). Then, we classify it as an iterative parameter estimation process using Expectation-Maximization. The convergence of this typical interactive teaching is achieved by continuously optimizing a variational lower bound on the log marginal likelihood. This lower bound represents the expected value of the log posterior distribution of the latent variables under a scaled, factorized variational distribution. To further enhance interactive teaching's performance, we incorporate SAM's strong generalization information into interactive teaching, referred as Sharpness Reduction Interactive Teaching (SRIT). This integration can be viewed as a novel sequential optimization process. Finally, we validate the performance of our approach through multiple experiments. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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AesExpert: Towards Multi-modality Foundation Model for Image Aesthetics Perception 24

AesExpert: Towards Multi-modality Foundation Model for Image...

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32nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia, MM 2024

作者： Huang, Yipo Sheng, Xiangfei Yang, Zhichao Yuan, Quan Duan, Zhichao Chen, Pengfei Li, Leida Lin, Weisi Shi, Guangming School of Artificial Intelligence Xidian University Xi'an China College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706868

The highly abstract nature of image aesthetics perception (IAP) poses a significant challenge for current multimodal large language models (MLLMs). The lack of human-annotated multi-modality aesthetic data further exacerbates this dilemma, resulting in MLLMs falling short of aesthetics perception capabilities. To address the above challenge, we first introduce a comprehensively annotated Aesthetic Multi-Modality Instruction Tuning (AesMMIT) dataset, which serves as the footstone for building multi-modality aesthetics foundation models. Specifically, to align MLLMs with human aesthetics perception, we construct a corpus-rich aesthetic critique database with 21,904 diverse-sourced images and 88K human natural language feedbacks, which are collected via progressive questions, ranging from coarse-grained aesthetic grades to fine-grained aesthetic descriptions. To ensure that MLLMs can handle diverse queries, we further prompt GPT to refine the aesthetic critiques and assemble the large-scale aesthetic instruction tuning dataset, i.e. AesMMIT, which consists of 409K multi-typed instructions to activate stronger aesthetic capabilities. Based on the AesMMIT database, we fine-tune the open-sourced general foundation models, achieving multi-modality Aesthetic Expert models, dubbed AesExpert. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed AesExpert models deliver significantly better aesthetic perception performances than the state-of-the-art MLLMs, including the most advanced GPT-4V and Gemini-Pro-Vision. Project Page: https://***/aes-expert/. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： aesthetic critique

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Latency- and Privacy-Aware Convolutional Neural Network Distributed Inference for Reliable Artificial Intelligence Systems

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2025年第2期6卷 365-377页

作者： Hu, Yuhao Xu, Xiaolong Qi, Lianyong Zhou, Xiaokang Xia, Xiaoyu Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Software Nanjing210044 China College of computer science and technology Qingdao266850 China Shiga University Faculty of Data Science Hikone522-8522 Japan RMIT University School of Computing Technologies MelbourneVIC3000 Australia

Reliable artificial intelligence (AI) systems not only propose a challenge on providing intelligent services with high quality for customers but also require customers' privacy to be protected as much as possible during process of the services. Given the ultrahigh computing load brought by deep-learning-based intelligent services to edge devices and the ultralong distance between edge and cloud, low-latency requirement of intelligent services is hard to meet in single edge computing or cloud computing. Edge-cloud collaborative inference of deep neural networks (DNNs) is considered a feasible solution to the problem. However, former work has not reduced the inference latency to the greatest extent and has not considered privacy protection in distributed systems. To solve the problem, we first establish a novel queue mechanism. Then, the convolution layer split decisions are made based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL) to realize the parallel inference of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for inference latency reduction. Next, for each CNN, the partition decision is made based on brute force algorithm to further reduce inference latency and protect customers' privacy. Finally, simulation results show that our method performs better than the existing other methods. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Cloud computing

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Flow Snapshot Neurons in Action: Deep Neural Networks Generalize to Biological Motion Perception 38

Flow Snapshot Neurons in Action: Deep Neural Networks Genera...

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Han, Shuangpeng Wang, Ziyu Zhang, Mengmi College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore Show Lab National University of Singapore Singapore

Biological motion perception (BMP) refers to humans' ability to perceive and recognize the actions of living beings solely from their motion patterns, sometimes as minimal as those depicted on point-light displays. While humans excel at these tasks without any prior training, current AI models struggle with poor generalization performance. To close this research gap, we propose the Motion Perceiver (MP). MP solely relies on patch-level optical flows from video clips as inputs. During training, it learns prototypical flow snapshots through a competitive binding mechanism and integrates invariant motion representations to predict action labels for the given video. During inference, we evaluate the generalization ability of all AI models and humans on 62,656 video stimuli spanning 24 BMP conditions using point-light displays in neuroscience. Remarkably, MP outperforms all existing AI models with a maximum improvement of 29% in top-1 action recognition accuracy on these conditions. Moreover, we benchmark all AI models in point-light displays of two standard video datasets in computer vision. MP also demonstrates superior performance in these cases. More interestingly, via psychophysics experiments, we found that MP recognizes biological movements in a way that aligns with human behaviors. Our data and code are available at link. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithm Based on Weighted Overlapping Grouping of Decision Variables

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第7期140卷 363-383页

作者： Liang Chen Jingbo Zhang Linjie Wu Xingjuan Cai Yubin Xu Shanxi Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Parallel Computing Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan030024China School of State Key Laboratory of Novel Software Technology Nanjing UniversityNanjing210008China

The large-scale multi-objective optimization algorithm(LSMOA),based on the grouping of decision variables,is an advanced method for handling high-dimensional decision ***,in practical problems,the interaction among decision variables is intricate,leading to large group sizes and suboptimal optimization effects;hence a large-scale multi-objective optimization algorithm based on weighted overlapping grouping of decision variables(MOEAWOD)is proposed in this ***,the decision variables are perturbed and categorized into convergence and diversity variables;subsequently,the convergence variables are subdivided into groups based on the interactions among different decision *** the size of a group surpasses the set threshold,that group undergoes a process of weighting and overlapping ***,the interaction strength is evaluated based on the interaction frequency and number of objectives among various decision *** decision variable with the highest interaction in the group is identified and disregarded,and the remaining variables are then reclassified into ***,the decision variable with the strongest interaction is added to each *** minimizes the interactivity between different groups and maximizes the interactivity of decision variables within groups,which contributed to the optimized direction of convergence and diversity exploration with different *** was subjected to testing on 18 benchmark large-scale optimization problems,and the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our *** with the other algorithms,our method is still at an advantage.

关键词： Decision variable grouping large-scale multi-objective optimization algorithms weighted overlapping grouping direction-guided evolution

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