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10th IEEE International Conference on data science and Advanced Analytics, DSAA 2023

作者： Yang, Yang Zhao, Zhilin Cao, Longbing University of Technology Sydney Data Science Institute Sydney Australia Macquarie University School of Computing Sydney Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345032

Exploring inter- and intra-time series relations and handling volatile covariates form various challenges in modeling Coupled and Volatile Multivariate Time Series (CVMTS). A typical CVMTS data is the COVID-19 case time series across multiple countries, whose covariates may involve high volatility caused by missing samples. The existing approaches merely focus on a single set of multivariate time series or multiple multivariate time series without considering their volatile temporal covariates. They do not sufficiently characterize CVMTS features by explicitly modeling intra- and inter-MTS couplings and effectively handling volatile covariates in multiple multivariate time series. Accordingly, we propose Deep Spectral Copula Mechanisms (DSCM) to adapt CVMTS. Specifically, DSCM (1) incorporates a Singular Spectral Analysis (SSA) module to reduce the volatility of multiple covariates;(2) applies an intra-MTS coupling module to explicitly model the temporal couplings within a single set of multivariate time series;and (3) transforms target variables into joint probability distributions by Gaussian copula transformation to establish inter-MTS couplings across multiple multivariate time series. Substantial experiments on COVID-19 time-series data from multiple countries indicate the superiority of DSCM over state-of-the-art approaches. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Time series

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Real-Time Diagnosis of Configuration Errors for Software of AI Server Infrastructure

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IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure computing 2023年 1-12页

作者： Xu, Guangquan Ding, Xinru Xu, Sihan Jia, Yan Liu, Shaoying Feng, Shicheng Zheng, Xi Big Data School Qingdao Huanghai University Qingdao China College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin University Tianjin China College of Cyber Science Nankai University Tianjin China Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Higashihiroshima Japan Department of Computing Macquarie University Sydney NSW Australia

Artificial intelligence (AI) server infrastructure has been built to support AI applications and handle data-intensive workloads. AI server infrastructure is the essential building blocks, and errors in AI server infrastructure may lead to fatal consequences to any AI applications built upon it. Compared to traditional software, software for AI server infrastructure is more configurable, and thus more likely to have configuration errors that might prevent correct software behaviors. Previous work on misconfiguration diagnosis requires sufficient execution history or manual intervention, and can hardly diagnose potential misconfigurations which are not triggered at launching. In this paper, we propose a real-time method to address these issues. Specifically, we combine program analysis and real-time log parsing to diagnose configuration errors. It maps each configuration option to the log code by applying program slicing only once, and parses real-time logs during the operation of the AI server without manual intervention. We evaluate the effectiveness of our approach on the core components of Hadoop, an exemplar AI Server Infrastructure Software. The results show that our method mapped more than 80% of the configuration options to log outputs, identified 90% of the configuration read sites as the slicing seeds, and successfully diagnosed about 10% configuration errors that can not be addressed by previous studies. IEEE

关键词： Real time systems

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Semi-Supervised Fuzzy DBN-Based Broad Learning System for Forecasting ICU Admissions in Post-Transplant COVID-19 Patients 19

Semi-Supervised Fuzzy DBN-Based Broad Learning System for Fo...

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19th International Conference on Software Technologies, ICSOFT 2024

作者： Zhang, Xiao Nebot, Àngela Soft Computing Research Group The Intelligent Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Research Center Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9789897587061

This paper introduces a novel semi-supervised neuro-fuzzy system to predict ICU admissions among post-COVID organ transplant recipients. Addressing the challenges of small sample sizes and lacking labels in organ transplantation, our study takes on these issues by proposing a DBN-Based Dual Manifold Regularized Fuzzy Broad Learning System (D-DMR-FBLS). This system utilizes the streamlined and flat architecture of the Broad Learning System (BLS), integrating Deep Belief Networks (DBN) and Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) systems to enhance representation learning capacities during the Unsupervised Training Phase (UTP). The system combines the strong feature learning capabilities of DBN with the powerful fuzzy rule extraction capacity of the TSK system, enhancing the model’s predictive performance and generalization capability. Moreover, we propose two types of graph-based manifold regularization, sample-based and feature-based, within this novel D-DMR-FBLS framework. Our method enhances its predictive ability by exploiting both the similarity among unlabeled and labeled patient samples, as well as the correlations between features within the fuzzy feature space. Employed to predict ICU admission risks in post-transplant COVID-19 patients, the method has demonstrated superior performance over existing methods, particularly in scenarios with limited samples and labels, thereby providing more accurate decision support for medical professionals in optimizing resource allocation for transplant patients. © 2024 by SCITEPRESS – science and Technology Publications, Lda.

关键词： COVID-19

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FedDAD: Federated Domain Adaptation for Object Detection

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IEEE Access 2023年 11卷 51320-51330页

作者： Lu, Peggy Joy Jui, Chia-Yung Chuang, Jen-Hui National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Department of Computer Science Hsinchu30010 Taiwan National Center for High-Performance Computing Data Science and Technology Division Taichung40763 Taiwan

Training an object detection model often requires numerous annotated images on a centralized host, which may violate user privacy and data confidentiality. Federated learning (FL) resolves this issue by allowing multiple clients, e.g., cameras, to collaboratively train a model while protecting user privacy. However, models trained with FL may fail to be generalized for new target domain due to domain shift when the data between source and target domains are statistically different. In this work, we formulate a real-world object detection problem as a source-free multi-domain adaptation problem in FL architecture. Moreover, we propose an adaptive FL algorithm, called FedDAD (Federated Domain Adaptive Detector), which aggregates models with dynamic attention targeting the unsupervised domain on server, and utilize instance-level alignment to alleviate the effects of scene variation on clients. Experimental results show that FedDAD improves the average precision (AP) by up to 10.05% and 19.15% compared to the popular FedAvg for specific object classes in the KAIST and MI3 datasets, respectively. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Image annotation

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An In-depth Investigation of Sparse Rate Reduction in Transformer-like Models

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Hu, Yunzhe Zou, Difan Xu, Dong School of Computing and Data Science The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong School of Computing and Data Science Institute of Data Science The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

Deep neural networks have long been criticized for being black-box. To unveil the inner workings of modern neural architectures, a recent work [45] proposed an information-theoretic objective function called Sparse Rate Reduction (SRR) and interpreted its unrolled optimization as a Transformer-like model called Coding Rate Reduction Transformer (CRATE). However, the focus of the study was primarily on the basic implementation, and whether this objective is optimized in practice and its causal relationship to generalization remain elusive. Going beyond this study, we derive different implementations by analyzing layer-wise behaviors of CRATE, both theoretically and empirically. To reveal the predictive power of SRR on generalization, we collect a set of model variants induced by varied implementations and hyperparameters and evaluate SRR as a complexity measure based on its correlation with generalization. Surprisingly, we find out that SRR has a positive correlation coefficient and outperforms other baseline measures, such as path-norm and sharpness-based ones. Furthermore, we show that generalization can be improved using SRR as regularization on benchmark image classification datasets. We hope this paper can shed light on leveraging SRR to design principled models and study their generalization ability. © 2024, CC BY.

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Online Anomaly Detection over Live Social Video Streaming 40

Online Anomaly Detection over Live Social Video Streaming

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40th IEEE International Conference on data Engineering, ICDE 2024

作者： He, Chengkun Zhou, Xiangmin Wang, Chen Gondal, Iqbal Shao, Jie Yi, Xun School of Computing Technologies RMIT University Melbourne Australia Data61 CSIRO Australia University of Electronic Science and Technology of China China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350317152

Social video anomaly is an observation in video streams that does not conform to a common pattern of dataset's behaviour. Social video anomaly detection plays a critical role in applications from e-commerce to e-Iearning. Traditionally, anomaly detection techniques are applied to find anomalies in video broadcasting. However, they neglect the live social video streams which contain interactive talk, speech, or lecture with audience. In this paper, we propose a generic framework for effectively online detecting Anomalies Over social Video LI ve Streaming (AOVLIS). Specifically, we propose a novel deep neural network model called Coupling Long Short-Term Memory (CLSTM) that adaptively captures the history behaviours of the presenters and audience, and their mutual interactions to predict their behaviour at next time point over streams. Then we well integrate the CLSTM with a decoder layer, and propose a new reconstruction error-based scoring function REI A to calculate the anomaly score of each video segment for anomaly detection. After that, we propose a novel model update scheme that incrementally maintains CLSTM and decoder. Moreover, we design a novel upper bound and ADaptive Optimisation Strategy (ADOS) for improving the efficiency of our solution. Extensive experiments are conducted to prove the superiority of AOVLIS. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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Selective Temporal Knowledge Graph Reasoning 30

Selective Temporal Knowledge Graph Reasoning

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Joint 30th International Conference on Computational Linguistics and 14th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, LREC-COLING 2024

作者： Hou, Zhongni Jin, Xiaolong Li, Zixuan Bai, Long Guo, Jiafeng Cheng, Xueqi School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Key Laboratory of Network Data Science and Technology Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China

ISBN: (纸本)9782493814104

Temporal Knowledge Graph (TKG), which characterizes temporally evolving facts in the form of (subject, relation, object, timestamp), has attracted much attention recently. TKG reasoning aims to predict future facts based on given historical ones. However, existing TKG reasoning models are unable to abstain from predictions they are uncertain, which will inevitably bring risks in real-world applications. Thus, in this paper, we propose an abstention mechanism for TKG reasoning, which helps the existing models make selective, instead of indiscriminate, predictions. Specifically, we develop a confidence estimator, called Confidence Estimator with History (CEHis), to enable the existing TKG reasoning models to first estimate their confidence in making predictions, and then abstain from those with low confidence. To do so, CEHis takes two kinds of information into consideration, namely, the certainty of the current prediction and the accuracy of historical predictions. Experiments with representative TKG reasoning models on two benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed CEHis. © 2024 ELRA Language Resource Association: CC BY-NC 4.0.

关键词： Forecasting

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Nested Event Extraction upon Pivot Element Recognition 30

Nested Event Extraction upon Pivot Element Recognition

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Joint 30th International Conference on Computational Linguistics and 14th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, LREC-COLING 2024

作者： Ren, Weicheng Li, Zixuan Jin, Xiaolong Bai, Long Su, Miao Liu, Yantao Guan, Saiping Guo, Jiafeng Cheng, Xueqi School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Key Lab of Network Data Science and Technology Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China

ISBN: (纸本)9782493814104

Nested Event Extraction (NEE) aims to extract complex event structures where an event contains other events as its arguments recursively. Nested events involve a kind of Pivot Elements (PEs) that simultaneously act as arguments of outer-nest events and as triggers of inner-nest events, and thus connect them into nested structures. This special characteristic of PEs brings challenges to existing NEE methods, as they cannot well cope with the dual identities of PEs. Therefore, this paper proposes a new model, called PerNee, which extracts nested events mainly based on recognizing PEs. Specifically, PerNee first recognizes the triggers of both inner-nest and outer-nest events and further recognizes the PEs via classifying the relation type between trigger pairs. The model uses prompt learning to incorporate information from both event types and argument roles for better trigger and argument representations to improve NEE performance. Since existing NEE datasets (e.g., Genia11) are limited to specific domains and contain a narrow range of event types with nested structures, we systematically categorize nested events in the generic domain and construct a new NEE dataset, called ACE2005-Nest. Experimental results demonstrate that PerNee consistently achieves state-of-the-art performance on ACE2005-Nest, Genia11, and Genia13. The ACE2005-Nest dataset and the code of the PerNee model are available at https://***/waysonren/PerNee. © 2024 ELRA Language Resource Association: CC BY-NC 4.0.

关键词： Character recognition

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RADF: Architecture decomposition for function as a service

RADF: Architecture decomposition for function as a service

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作者： Zhu, Lulai Tamburri, Damian Andrew Casale, Giuliano Department of Computing Imperial College London London United Kingdom Jheronimus Academy of Data Science Eindhoven University of Technology ‘s-Hertogenbosch Netherlands

As the most successful realization of serverless, function as a service (FaaS) brings in a novel cloud computing paradigm that can save operating costs, reduce management effort, enable seamless scalability, and augment development productivity. Migration of an existing application to the serverless architecture is, however, an intricate task as a great number of decisions need to be made along the way. We propose in this paper RADF, a semi-automatic approach that decomposes a monolith into serverless functions by analyzing the business logic inherent in the interface of the application. The proposed approach adopts a two-stage refactoring strategy, where a coarse-grained decomposition is performed at first, followed by a fine-grained one. As such, the decomposition process is simplified into smaller steps and adaptable to generate a solution at either microservice or function level. We have implemented RADF in a holistic DevOps methodology and evaluated its capability for microservice identification and feasibility for code refactoring. In the evaluation experiments, RADF achieves lower coupling and relatively balanced cohesion, compared to previous decomposition approaches. © 2023 The Authors. Software: Practice and Experience published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

关键词： Operating costs

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RevMUX: data Multiplexing with Reversible Adapters for Efficient LLM Batch Inference

RevMUX: Data Multiplexing with Reversible Adapters for Effic...

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2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, EMNLP 2024

作者： Xu, Yige Guo, Xu Zeng, Zhiwei Miao, Chunyan Joint NTU-UBC Research Centre of Excellence in Active Living for the Elderly Singapore College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761643

Large language models (LLMs) have brought a great breakthrough to the natural language processing (NLP) community, while leading the challenge of handling concurrent customer queries due to their high throughput demands. data multiplexing addresses this by merging multiple inputs into a single composite input, allowing more efficient inference through a shared forward pass. However, as distinguishing individuals from a composite input is challenging, conventional methods typically require training the entire backbone, yet still suffer from performance degradation. In this paper, we introduce RevMUX, a parameter-efficient data multiplexing framework that incorporates a reversible design in the multiplexer, which can be reused by the demultiplexer to perform reverse operations and restore individual samples for classification. Extensive experiments on four datasets and three types of LLM backbones demonstrate the effectiveness of RevMUX for enhancing LLM inference efficiency while retaining a satisfactory classification performance. © 2024 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Natural language processing systems

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